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Recent Advances in LiDAR Sensing Technology for Autonomous Vehicles

A special issue of Sensors (ISSN 1424-8220). This special issue belongs to the section "Intelligent Sensors".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 June 2025 | Viewed by 1531

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Faculty of Automatic Control, Electronics and Computer Science, Department of Distributed Systems and Informatics Devices, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
Interests: computer architecture; cyber-physical systems; embedded system; hardware description language; FPGA; ASIP; programmable logic controllers; ADAS; AGV; data fusion; predictive maintenance
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

LiDAR (light detection and ranging) technology is a method of determining the distance, angle, and reflection of light. This is achieved by pointing a laser at an object or surface and measuring the time taken for the reflected light to return to the receiver.

This technology is employed extensively for the purpose of high-resolution mapping, with applications in a number of fields including surveying, geography, geology, seismology, forestry, simultaneous localisation and mapping (SLAM), airborne laser mapping (ALSM), and laser altimetry. The LiDAR system is capable of measuring the distance to, angle of, and reflection of a target, as well as enabling obstacle avoidance, laser guidance, and the provision of solutions for autonomous guided vehicles (AGVs), unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), communications, and industry and military applications. LiDAR represents a pivotal enabling technology for autonomous vehicle operation, furnishing real-time perception data that enable autonomous vehicles to operate with reliability and safety at high speeds. The technology is now a standard feature of new vehicles and is frequently utilised in advanced driver assistance systems (ADASs). The quality of the LiDAR data fed into the system has a direct impact on the quality of autonomous decision-making. It is of significant importance to ensure the provision of accurate environmental information, particularly when undertaking precise docking or parking manoeuvres. It is therefore imperative to develop novel and enhanced methodologies for object recognition, tracking, and identification in order to facilitate the advancement of autonomous solutions based on LiDAR technology.

The objective of this Special Issue is to present and discuss recent advances in LiDAR sensor technology as they pertain to AGV and ADAS solutions. The focus is on developments in the fields of localisation, positioning, object recognition, tracking, and identification, with a particular emphasis on the use of sensors, fusion, data mining, and artificial intelligence.

We encourage contributions containing original research, developments, and experimental results within, but not limited, to the following topics:

  • LiDAR sensors;
  • 2D LiDAR;
  • 3D LiDAR;
  • Localisation systems;
  • Positioning systems;
  • Object recognition
  • Object identification
  • Object tracking
  • Precise distance measurements methods;
  • Communications;
  • Sensors fusion;
  • Data mining;
  • Artificial intelligence.

Dr. Adam Ziębiński
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • LiDAR sensors
  • 2D LiDAR
  • 3D LiDAR
  • localisation systems
  • positioning systems
  • object recognition object identification
  • object tracking
  • precise distance measurements methods
  • communications
  • sensors fusion
  • data mining
  • artificial intelligence

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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21 pages, 5657 KiB  
Article
How Accurate Can 2D LiDAR Be? A Comparison of the Characteristics of Calibrated 2D LiDAR Systems
by Adam Ziębiński and Piotr Biernacki
Sensors 2025, 25(4), 1211; https://doi.org/10.3390/s25041211 - 17 Feb 2025
Viewed by 523
Abstract
The utilization of 2D Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) measurements does not always provide the precision needed to accurately determine the motion range or recalibrate the position of Autonomous Guided Vehicles (AGVs). Consequently, it is essential to employ filtering and calibration methods to [...] Read more.
The utilization of 2D Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) measurements does not always provide the precision needed to accurately determine the motion range or recalibrate the position of Autonomous Guided Vehicles (AGVs). Consequently, it is essential to employ filtering and calibration methods to enhance the precision and accuracy of measurements derived from 2D LiDAR. The article proposes a multi-sectional calibration (MSC) method incorporating a median filtration (MF) phase to enhance the measurement accuracy of 2D LiDAR. The investigation focused on identifying the optimal window width for the MF module among a selection of 2D LiDAR systems. The division of the complete measurement range into sections resulted in a significant enhancement in sensitivity to deviations in measurements. The efficacy of the proposed method is evidenced by its ability to enhance accuracy in distance measurements by up to 89% for the optimal window width. The experiments indicated that the proposed method has a significant impact on the precision and accuracy of distance measurements for 2D LiDAR systems. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in LiDAR Sensing Technology for Autonomous Vehicles)
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17 pages, 5789 KiB  
Article
Vehicle Trajectory Repair Under Full Occlusion and Limited Datapoints with Roadside LiDAR
by Qiyang Luo, Zhenyu Xu, Yibin Zhang, Morris Igene, Tamer Bataineh, Mohammad Soltanirad, Keshav Jimee and Hongchao Liu
Sensors 2025, 25(4), 1114; https://doi.org/10.3390/s25041114 - 12 Feb 2025
Viewed by 630
Abstract
Object occlusion is a common challenge in roadside LiDAR-based vehicle tracking. This issue can cause variances in vehicle location and speed calculations. This paper proposes a vehicle tracking post-processing method designed to handle full occlusion and limited datapoint conditions. The first part of [...] Read more.
Object occlusion is a common challenge in roadside LiDAR-based vehicle tracking. This issue can cause variances in vehicle location and speed calculations. This paper proposes a vehicle tracking post-processing method designed to handle full occlusion and limited datapoint conditions. The first part of the method focuses on linking the disconnected trajectories of the same vehicle caused by full occlusion. The second part refines the vehicle representative point to enhance tracking accuracy. Performance evaluation demonstrates that the proposed method can detect and reconnect the trajectories of the same vehicle, even under prolonged full occlusion. Moreover, the refined vehicle representative point provides more stable speed estimates, even with sparse datapoints. This significantly increases the effective detection range of roadside LiDAR. This approach lays a strong foundation for the application of roadside LiDAR in emission analysis and near-crash studies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in LiDAR Sensing Technology for Autonomous Vehicles)
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