Search for Articles:
Title / Keyword
Author / Affiliation / Email
Journal
Article Type
 
 
Advanced Search
 
Section
Special Issue
Volume
Issue
Number
Page
 
8.6
4.1
Journals
Remote Sensing
Special Issues
Advances of Ocean Circulation and Air-Sea Interaction Using Remote Sensing...
remotesensing-logo
Submit to Special Issue Submit Abstract to Special Issue Review for Remote Sensing Propose a Special Issue

Journal Menu

► Journal Menu

Journal Browser

► Journal Browser
share announcement

Advances of Ocean Circulation and Air-Sea Interaction Using Remote Sensing Techniques

A special issue of Remote Sensing (ISSN 2072-4292). This special issue belongs to the section "Ocean Remote Sensing".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 28 February 2026 | Viewed by 2806

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Xiang Wang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Meteorology and Oceanography, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
Interests: intelligent meteorological and oceanic forecasting; air–sea interaction
Dr. Huizan Wang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Meteorology and Oceanography, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
Interests: ocean data reconstruction; data analysis on satellite SSS data and argo data; mesoscale eddies; Kuroshio; AI/numerical forecasting for ocean environment
Prof. Dr. Ronghua Zhang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Marine Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology (NUIST), Pukou District, Nanjing 210044, China
Interests: ocean–atmosphere interaction; ENSO numerical simulation and prediction AI for climate modeling; ocean data assimilation; coupled ocean–atmosphere models
Dr. Haokun Bai

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Meteorology and Oceanography, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China
Interests: air–sea interaction; numerical simulations; regional climate modeling; climate dynamics; data assimilation
Dr. Jingtao Yu

E-Mail
Guest Editor Assistant
Municipal Geomatics Center of Guangzhou, Guangzhou 51000, China
Interests: image matching; land-use/land-cover; InSAR

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Ocean circulation and air–sea interactions play a fundamental role in regulating Earth's weather/climate system, influencing global heat distribution, carbon cycling, and extreme weather events. Remote sensing technologies have revolutionized our ability to monitor these dynamic processes across vast oceanic regions with unprecedented spatial and temporal coverage. Satellite observations provide critical data on sea surface temperature/salinity, sea surface height or ocean current, sea surface wind, and other parameters related to ocean–atmosphere interactions. The AI-assisted analysis of these datasets enables more efficient processing and provides deeper insights into multi-scale interactions. This area of research is particularly crucial in the context of climate change and weather forecasting, where improved monitoring and modeling capabilities are required to understand the current state of atmosphere and ocean environments and predict future changes.

This Special Issue of Remote Sensing aims to showcase innovative research on the application of remote sensing techniques related to ocean circulation and air–sea interactions, with a particular interest in AI-enhanced methodologies. We seek contributions that demonstrate innovative approaches to satellite data processing, novel sensor applications, and advanced analytical methods. We particularly welcome studies that integrate multi-sensor data, employ AI and machine learning techniques, or address current challenges in ocean remote sensing in order to enhance our understanding of ocean circulation and air–sea interactions.

We welcome the submission of original research articles, reviews, and technical notes that address the following topics:

  • Satellite observations of ocean currents, eddies, and air–sea fluxes;
  • Air–sea flux measurements using remote sensing;
  • New satellite sensor technologies for ocean monitoring;
  • Satellite data assimilation techniques for ocean models;
  • AI-powered analysis of ocean remote sensing;
  • Deep learning applications for feature extraction from satellite data.

Dr. Xiang Wang
Dr. Huizan Wang
Prof. Dr. Ronghua Zhang
Dr. Haokun Bai
Guest Editors

Dr. Jingtao Yu
Guest Editor Assistant

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Remote Sensing is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • ocean circulation
  • air-sea interaction
  • remote sensing
  • satellite oceanography
  • ocean climate change
  • data assimilation
  • artificial intelligence
  • machine learning
  • multi-sensor observations

Benefits of Publishing in a Special Issue

  • Ease of navigation: Grouping papers by topic helps scholars navigate broad scope journals more efficiently.
  • Greater discoverability: Special Issues support the reach and impact of scientific research. Articles in Special Issues are more discoverable and cited more frequently.
  • Expansion of research network: Special Issues facilitate connections among authors, fostering scientific collaborations.
  • External promotion: Articles in Special Issues are often promoted through the journal's social media, increasing their visibility.
  • Reprint: MDPI Books provides the opportunity to republish successful Special Issues in book format, both online and in print.

Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Published Papers (3 papers)

Download All Papers
Order results
Result details
Show export options expand_more Show export options expand_less
Select all
Export citation of selected articles as:

Research

21 pages, 45200 KB  
Article
SWOT Observations of Bimodal Seasonal Submesoscale Processes in the Kuroshio Large Meander
by Xiaoyu Zhao and Yanjiang Lin
Remote Sens. 2026, 18(3), 384; https://doi.org/10.3390/rs18030384 - 23 Jan 2026
Viewed by 181
Abstract
Wide-swath satellite altimetry from the Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) mission provides an unprecedented opportunity to directly observe kilometer-scale ocean dynamics in two dimensions. In this study, we identify an atypical bimodal seasonal cycle of submesoscale processes in the Kuroshio Large Meander [...] Read more.
Wide-swath satellite altimetry from the Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) mission provides an unprecedented opportunity to directly observe kilometer-scale ocean dynamics in two dimensions. In this study, we identify an atypical bimodal seasonal cycle of submesoscale processes in the Kuroshio Large Meander (KLM) region south of Japan using SWOT observations during 2023–2025. Submesoscale eddy kinetic energy (EKE) displays a pronounced winter maximum (December–January) as expected for midlatitude oceans, but also a distinct secondary maximum in late summer (August–September) that coincides with the Northwest Pacific typhoon season. SWOT-based eddy statistics reveal that cyclonic and anticyclonic eddies exhibit enhanced occurrence and intensity in winter and late summer. MITgcm LLC4320 outputs demonstrate that the late-summer EKE peak is primarily driven by typhoons, which rapidly deepen the mixed layer and intensify frontal gradients, leading to an intensification of submesoscale eddies. The Kuroshio path further modulates this response. During the KLM state, buoyancy gradients and mixed-layer available potential energy are amplified, allowing storm forcing to generate strong submesoscale activity. Together, typhoon forcing and current-path variability modify the traditionally winter-dominated submesoscale regime. These findings highlight the unique capability of SWOT to resolve submesoscale processes in western boundary currents during extreme weather events. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances of Ocean Circulation and Air-Sea Interaction Using Remote Sensing Techniques)
►▼ Show Figures

Graphical abstract

27 pages, 6822 KB  
Article
Generalized Variational Retrieval of Full Field-of-View Cloud Fraction and Precipitable Water Vapor from FY-4A/GIIRS Observations
by Gen Wang, Song Ye, Bing Xu, Xiefei Zhi, Qiao Liu, Yang Liu, Yue Pan, Chuanyu Fan, Tiening Zhang and Feng Xie
Remote Sens. 2025, 17(22), 3687; https://doi.org/10.3390/rs17223687 - 11 Nov 2025
Viewed by 705
Abstract
Owing to their high vertical resolution, remote sensing data from meteorological satellite hyperspectral infrared sounders are well-suited for the identification, monitoring, and early warning of high-impact weather events. The effective utilization of full field-of-view (FOV) observations from satellite infrared sounders in high-impact weather [...] Read more.
Owing to their high vertical resolution, remote sensing data from meteorological satellite hyperspectral infrared sounders are well-suited for the identification, monitoring, and early warning of high-impact weather events. The effective utilization of full field-of-view (FOV) observations from satellite infrared sounders in high-impact weather applications remains a major research focus and technical challenge worldwide. This study proposes a generalized variational retrieval framework to estimate full FOV cloud fraction and precipitable water vapor (PWV) from observations of the Geostationary Interferometric Infrared Sounder (GIIRS) onboard the Fengyun-4A (FY-4A) satellite. Based on this method, experiments are performed using high-frequency FY-4A/GIIRS observations during the landfall periods of Typhoon Lekima (2019) and Typhoon Higos (2020). A three-step channel selection strategy based on information entropy is first designed for FY-4A/GIIRS. A constrained generalized variational retrieval method coupled with a cloud cost function is then established. Cloud parameters, including effective cloud fraction and cloud-top pressure, are initially retrieved using the Minimum Residual Method (MRM) and used as initial cloud information. These parameters are iteratively optimized through cost-function minimization, yielding full FOV cloud fields and atmospheric profiles. Full FOV brightness temperature simulations are conducted over cloudy regions to quantitatively evaluate the retrieved cloud fractions, and the derived PWV is further applied to the identification and analysis of hazardous weather events. Experimental results demonstrate that incorporating cloud parameters as auxiliary inputs to the radiative transfer model improves the simulation of FY-4A/GIIRS brightness temperature in cloud-covered areas and reduces brightness temperature biases. Compared with ERA5 Total Column Water Vapour (TCWV) data, the PWV derived from full FOV profiles containing cloud parameter information shows closer agreement and, at certain FOVs, more effectively indicates the occurrence of high-impact weather events. The simplified methodology proposed in this study provides a robust basis for the future assimilation and operational utilization of infrared data over cloud-affected regions in numerical weather prediction models. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances of Ocean Circulation and Air-Sea Interaction Using Remote Sensing Techniques)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

26 pages, 20545 KB  
Article
Impact of Assimilating FY-4B/GIIRS Radiances on Typhoon “Doksuri” and Typhoon “Gaemi” Forecasts
by Shiyuan Tao, Yi Yu, Haokun Bai, Weimin Zhang, Yanlai Zhao, Hongze Leng and Pinqiang Wang
Remote Sens. 2025, 17(17), 3105; https://doi.org/10.3390/rs17173105 - 6 Sep 2025
Viewed by 1349
Abstract
The Geostationary Interferometric Infrared Sounder (GIIRS) on board FengYun-4B (FY-4B), a Chinese second-generation hyperspectral infrared, enables the provision of critical data for forecasting high-impact weather events such as typhoons. To evaluate the reliability of FY-4B/GIIRS data, this study conducted three comparative assimilation trials [...] Read more.
The Geostationary Interferometric Infrared Sounder (GIIRS) on board FengYun-4B (FY-4B), a Chinese second-generation hyperspectral infrared, enables the provision of critical data for forecasting high-impact weather events such as typhoons. To evaluate the reliability of FY-4B/GIIRS data, this study conducted three comparative assimilation trials for both Typhoon Gaemi and Typhoon Doksuri, assimilating observations from the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI), Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit-A (AMSU-A), and FY-4B/GIIRS, respectively. Results demonstrate that the assimilation of GIIRS observations yields more stable forecasts of the wind field at 300 hPa and 500 hPa compared to AMSU-A and IASI, with biases within ±6 m/s relative to NCEP FNL data. However, GIIRS assimilation produces systematic underprediction of vertical velocity, whereas AMSU-A forecasts align more closely with reanalysis. For track forecasts, the GIIRS-assimilated trajectory exhibits closer alignment with observations than AMSU-A and IASI experiments, maintaining biases below 50 km throughout 48 h forecast period of Gaemi. This study provides valuable experience for the application of FY-4B/GIIRS data assimilation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances of Ocean Circulation and Air-Sea Interaction Using Remote Sensing Techniques)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

Show export options expand_more Show export options expand_less
Select all
Export citation of selected articles as:
 
Displaying articles 1-3
Back to TopTop