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Signal Processing, Image Processing and Fusion Techniques in Remote Sensing

A special issue of Remote Sensing (ISSN 2072-4292). This special issue belongs to the section "Urban Remote Sensing".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 July 2025) | Viewed by 1863

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Electronics Laboratory, Physics Department, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
Interests: image processing; signal processing; machine learning; signal, image and video processing; remote sensing
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Remote sensing is a vast area for scientific research for numerous important reasons. Primarily, it concerns various remotely sensed areas, encompassing land cover, sea states or types of specific targets that need to be detected or described based on their structure and properties. Furthermore, remote sensing may comprise other objects, such as clouds or planetary surfaces, or even solar physics. Moreover, novel techniques are also being applied in this field for sophisticated target representation (SAR interferometric or SAR tomography).

Since many different sensors are involved in remote sensing, researchers have to be mindful of the physics of each sensor. This is vital for fully utilizing the acquired information. In most applications, the registration of images comes first, enabling the researcher to carry out information fusion or employ super-resolution techniques. Furthermore, registration is necessary in interferometric or tomographic representations.

Accordingly, it is expected that the proposed techniques will contribute to improving our understanding of the investigated areas and provide applicable scientific and commercial results.

Potential topics include, but are in no way limited to, the following:

  • Data fusion techniques;
  • Decision fusion;
  • Classification for remote sensing;
  • Pattern recognition for remote sensing;
  • Signal and image analysis;
  • Image segmentation, enhancement and restoration;
  • Machine learning, artificial intelligence and deep learning;
  • Filtering processing;
  • Remote sensing procedures and applications;
  • Analysis of SAR, multispectral and hyperspectral signals;
  • Analysis of meteorological data and signals;
  • Remote sensing of ocean, ice, land and atmosphere;
  • Inverse problems;
  • Optimization techniques;
  • Target detection;
  • Interferometric SAR;
  • Tomographic SAR;
  • Registration of different types of information;
  • Super-resolution techniques.

Dr. Georgia Koukiou
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Remote Sensing is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • remote sensing
  • multichannel information
  • sensor types
  • signal processing
  • image processing
  • information fusion
  • registration
  • elevation models
  • target detection
  • surface characterization

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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18 pages, 5956 KiB  
Article
Improving the Universal Performance of Land Cover Semantic Segmentation Through Training Data Refinement and Multi-Dataset Fusion via Redundant Models
by Jae Young Chang, Kwan-Young Oh and Kwang-Jae Lee
Remote Sens. 2025, 17(15), 2669; https://doi.org/10.3390/rs17152669 - 1 Aug 2025
Viewed by 117
Abstract
Artificial intelligence (AI) has become the mainstream of analysis tools in remote sensing. Various semantic segmentation models have been introduced to segment land cover from aerial or satellite images, and remarkable results have been achieved. However, they often lack universal performance on unseen [...] Read more.
Artificial intelligence (AI) has become the mainstream of analysis tools in remote sensing. Various semantic segmentation models have been introduced to segment land cover from aerial or satellite images, and remarkable results have been achieved. However, they often lack universal performance on unseen images, making them challenging to provide as a service. One of the primary reasons for the lack of robustness is overfitting, resulting from errors and inconsistencies in the ground truth (GT). In this study, we propose a method to mitigate these inconsistencies by utilizing redundant models and verify the improvement using a public dataset based on Google Earth images. Redundant models share the same network architecture and hyperparameters but are trained with different combinations of training and validation data on the same dataset. Because of the variations in sample exposure during training, these models yield slightly different inference results. This variability allows for the estimation of pixel-level confidence levels for the GT. The confidence level is incorporated into the GT to influence the loss calculation during the training of the enhanced model. Furthermore, we implemented a consensus model that employs modified masks, where classes with low confidence are substituted by the dominant classes identified through a majority vote from the redundant models. To further improve robustness, we extended the same approach to fuse the dataset with different class compositions based on imagery from the Korea Multipurpose Satellite 3A (KOMPSAT-3A). Performance evaluations were conducted on three network architectures: a simple network, U-Net, and DeepLabV3. In the single-dataset case, the performance of the enhanced and consensus models improved by an average of 2.49% and 2.59% across the network architectures. In the multi-dataset scenario, the enhanced models and consensus models showed an average performance improvement of 3.37% and 3.02% across the network architectures, respectively, compared to an average increase of 1.55% without the proposed method. Full article
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Review

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45 pages, 1611 KiB  
Review
Unified Model and Survey on Modulation Schemes for Next-Generation Automotive Radar Systems
by Moritz Kahlert, Tai Fei, Yuming Wang, Claas Tebruegge and Markus Gardill
Remote Sens. 2025, 17(8), 1355; https://doi.org/10.3390/rs17081355 - 10 Apr 2025
Viewed by 1343
Abstract
Commercial automotive radar systems for advanced driver assistance systems (ADASs) have relied on frequency-modulated continuous wave (FMCW) waveforms for years due to their low-cost hardware, simple signal processing, and established academic and industrial expertise. However, FMCW systems face several challenges, including limited unambiguous [...] Read more.
Commercial automotive radar systems for advanced driver assistance systems (ADASs) have relied on frequency-modulated continuous wave (FMCW) waveforms for years due to their low-cost hardware, simple signal processing, and established academic and industrial expertise. However, FMCW systems face several challenges, including limited unambiguous velocity, restricted multiplexing of transmit signals, and susceptibility to interference. This work introduces a unified automotive radar signal model and reviews the alternative modulation schemes such as phase-coded frequency-modulated continuous wave (PC-FMCW), phase-modulated continuous wave (PMCW), orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM), orthogonal chirp division multiplexing (OCDM), and orthogonal time frequency space (OTFS). These schemes are assessed against key technological and economic criteria and compared with FMCW, highlighting their respective strengths and limitations. Full article
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