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Reactions
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Feature Papers in Reactions in 2024
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Feature Papers in Reactions in 2024

A special issue of Reactions (ISSN 2624-781X).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2024) | Viewed by 6006

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Dmitry Yu. Murzin

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, 20500 Turku, Finland
Interests: heterogeneous catalysis; catalytic reaction engineering; biomass valorization
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue, entitled “Feature Papers in Reactions in 2024”, is open to receiving high-quality papers in open access format on the invitation of Editorial Board Members, or those invited by the Editorial Office and the Editor-in-Chief. Both original research articles and comprehensive review papers are welcome. Contributions to this Special Issue will be published in open access format after peer review. The potential topics include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • Reaction mechanisms;
  • Reaction kinetics;
  • Complex reactions, including catalytic ones;
  • Single-atom catalysis;
  • Reaction and reactor engineering (bio-, electro-, photo-, environmental, and chemical);
  • Micro-reactors and micro-reaction engineering;
  • Hydrogen production reactions;
  • Photocatalysis.

Prof. Dr. Dmitry Yu. Murzin
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Reactions is an international peer-reviewed open access quarterly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1000 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • reaction mechanisms
  • reaction kinetics
  • complex reactions, including catalytic ones
  • single-atom catalysis
  • reaction and reactor engineering (bio-, electro-, photo-, environmental, and chemical)
  • micro-reactors and micro-reaction engineering
  • hydrogen production reactions
  • photocatalysis

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Related Special Issues

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 664 KiB  
Article
A Fast and Efficient Response Surface Approach for the Optimization of the Gas-Phase Hydrogenation of Carbon Dioxide on Nickel-Based Catalysts
by Mirosław K. Szukiewicz, Natalia Patulska and Elżbieta Chmiel-Szukiewicz
Reactions 2025, 6(1), 16; https://doi.org/10.3390/reactions6010016 - 15 Feb 2025
Viewed by 392
Abstract
In this study, the application of the response surface method was used to determine the best reaction conditions of the gas-phase hydrogenation of carbon dioxide on a commercial nickel-based catalyst. The procedural goals included the choice and tests of the robustness of the [...] Read more.
In this study, the application of the response surface method was used to determine the best reaction conditions of the gas-phase hydrogenation of carbon dioxide on a commercial nickel-based catalyst. The procedural goals included the choice and tests of the robustness of the statistical method that could improve the achievement of the goal of the process, first of all by reducing the number of necessary experiments. The outcome goal for the process under consideration was the optimization of reaction conditions for mild reaction conditions and the stoichiometric deficiency of hydrogen; these reaction conditions are rarely presented in the literature (despite their potential advantages). Both goals were achieved with a successful result. To find optimal reaction conditions, only 36 experiments were carried out. This is a very good result, taking into account the insufficient information in the literature, which means that it is a difficult task to deduce the region of the highest carbon dioxide conversion. The maximum carbon dioxide conversion was obtained for a temperature of 318 °C and a ratio of molar fluxes of H2 to CO2 equal to 3.5. It should be emphasized that this result was confirmed experimentally. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in Reactions in 2024)
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18 pages, 1761 KiB  
Article
Oxides for Pt Capture in the Ammonia Oxidation Process—A Screening Study
by Julie Hessevik, Cathinka S. Carlsen, Oskar K. Bestul, David Waller, Helmer Fjellvåg and Anja O. Sjåstad
Reactions 2025, 6(1), 13; https://doi.org/10.3390/reactions6010013 - 11 Feb 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 431
Abstract
Metallic Pd/Ni gauzes, located downstream of the Pt/Rh ammonia oxidation catalyst nets in the Ostwald process, is the current technology for capturing volatile gas phase platinum and rhodium species lost from the Pt/Rh combustion catalyst through evaporation. In this screening study, we explore [...] Read more.
Metallic Pd/Ni gauzes, located downstream of the Pt/Rh ammonia oxidation catalyst nets in the Ostwald process, is the current technology for capturing volatile gas phase platinum and rhodium species lost from the Pt/Rh combustion catalyst through evaporation. In this screening study, we explore four oxide families, ABO3 perovskites, (ABO3)n(AO) Ruddlesden–Popper (RP) phases, AO rock salt, and A2O3 sesquioxide type oxides, as alternative materials for platinum capture. It was found that all the tested nickelates, LaNiO3, NdNiO3, La2NiO4, and La4Ni3O10, captured platinum well and formed A2NiPtO6. In contrast, La0.85Sr0.15FeO3, LaFeO3, and LaCoO3 did not capture platinum. CaO, SrO, and Nd2O3 formed low-dimensional platinates such as CaxPt3O4, Sr4PtO6, and a newly discovered neodymium platinate, Nd10.67Pt4O24. Gd2O3 did not capture platinum in bench-scale experiments in dry air, but did, however, seem to capture platinum under pilot plant conditions, likely due to the co-capture of Co lost from the N2O abatement catalyst. The catalytic activity of both oxides and platinum-containing products were studied, toward NOx and N2O decomposition. None of the oxides showed significant activity toward NOx decomposition, and all showed activity toward N2O decomposition, but to different extents. An overall assessment of the screened oxides with respect to potential use in industrial Ostwald conditions is provided. All tested oxides except CaO and SrO withstood industrial conditions. From our assessments, the nickelates and A2O3 (A = Nd, Gd) stand out as superior oxides for platinum capture. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in Reactions in 2024)
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16 pages, 3432 KiB  
Article
Chemoselective Transfer Hydrogenation over MgO as the Catalyst: Acetylnaphthalenes, Diacylbenzenes, Acetophenone, Benzaldehyde, and Various Aliphatic Ketones as Hydrogen Acceptors
by Marek Gliński, Olga Dubinin, Klaudia Rostek and Patrycja Waniek
Reactions 2025, 6(1), 4; https://doi.org/10.3390/reactions6010004 - 4 Jan 2025
Viewed by 590
Abstract
Liquid and vapor phase transfer hydrogenation with 2-alkanols as hydrogen donors in the presence of MgO as a catalyst was studied. A series of dicarbonyl compounds as well as the equimolar mixtures of various monocarbonyl compounds were used as hydrogen acceptors in order [...] Read more.
Liquid and vapor phase transfer hydrogenation with 2-alkanols as hydrogen donors in the presence of MgO as a catalyst was studied. A series of dicarbonyl compounds as well as the equimolar mixtures of various monocarbonyl compounds were used as hydrogen acceptors in order to determine the chemoselectivity (ChS) in the reduction of their carbonyl groups. Thus, 1,4-diacetylbenzene was reduced to 1-(4-acetylphenyl)-1-ethanol with 89% ChS and 1,3-diacetyl-4,6-dimethylbenzene with 100% ChS. Mesitylene diacyl derivatives were unreactive in the studied reaction. CTH of an equimolar mixture of benzaldehyde and acetophenone gave benzyl alcohol and 1-PhEtOH with yields of 91 and 3%, respectively (97% ChS). An equimolar mixture of acetophenone and 6-undecanone underwent CTH with yields of the corresponding alcohols of 89 and 2%, respectively, with 98% ChS towards 1-PhEtOH. Significant differences in reactivity in CTH were reported for an equimolar mixture of regioisomeric 1- and 2-acetylnaphthalenes. The yields of the corresponding alcohols were 20 and 68% with a ChS of 77% towards 2-NphCH(OH)Me. In the case of CTH of 3-oxo-2,2-dimethylbutanal and 2,4-bis(spirocyclohexyl)-1,3-cyclobutanedione with 2-propanol, only the solvolysis of the substrates was observed. The products were methyl isopropyl ketone and isopropyl formate for the former diketone and 1-(cyclohexylcarbonyl)-1-(carboisopropoxy)cyclohexane for the latter. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in Reactions in 2024)
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16 pages, 2142 KiB  
Article
Investigation of Acetoin Biosynthesis by Bacillus subtilis ACA-DC 1176 Growing on Crude Glycerol in Flask and Bioreactor Trials
by Dimitris Karayannis, Eleni Moraiti, Ourania Kalantzi and Seraphim Papanikolaou
Reactions 2024, 5(4), 664-679; https://doi.org/10.3390/reactions5040034 - 1 Oct 2024
Viewed by 1582
Abstract
Acetoin biosynthesis by two Bacillus subtilis strains valorising crude glycerol was thoroughly explored within a pre-defined range of culture conditions and systems. B. subtilis ACA-DC 1176 stood out for its higher efficiency in acetoin production, prompting an investigation into the potential for enhanced [...] Read more.
Acetoin biosynthesis by two Bacillus subtilis strains valorising crude glycerol was thoroughly explored within a pre-defined range of culture conditions and systems. B. subtilis ACA-DC 1176 stood out for its higher efficiency in acetoin production, prompting an investigation into the potential for enhanced productivity through the evaluation of diverse culture conditions and media compositions. The primary by-products of the biodiesel and corn industries, namely crude glycerol and corn steep liquor, respectively, were successfully employed as the principal carbon and nitrogen sources of the newly developed low-cost culture medium. Furthermore, the results of the various feeding strategies that were tested indicated that the conversion of 2,3-butanediol (BDO) to acetoin occurred exclusively when the concentration of glycerol was below approximately 5 g/L. This seemed to be necessary for the production of NADH, which is essential for maintaining cellular processes. Following the complete depletion of glycerol, acetic acid increased and became the predominant metabolite, while both acetoin and BDO decreased, presumably resulting in ATP generation. This is likely a mechanism employed by the cell to generate energy in the absence of a carbon source. In the fed-batch bioreactor culture, the kinetics of metabolites differed, as there was no conversion of BDO to acetoin at the final depletion of glycerol. At volumetric mass transfer coefficient (kLa) levels exceeding approximately 70 1/h, the production of acetoin was favoured over that of BDO, with the highest observed acetoin/BDO ratio reaching 4.29 g/g. Conversely, at kLa values below approximately 60 1/h, the titres of acetoin and BDO were found to be nearly equal. The final concentrations of acetoin and BDO reached 36.0 g/L and 25.5 g/L, respectively, resulting in a total yield of both (acetoin + BDO) per glycerol consumption of 0.40 g/g. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to focus on acetoin production from crude glycerol fermentative valorisation. The study presents new findings regarding the parameters influencing the level of BDO conversion to acetoin. However, further research is required in order to gain a comprehensive understanding of the underlying phenomena and metabolic pathways involved. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in Reactions in 2024)
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13 pages, 817 KiB  
Article
Generalized Linear Driving Force Formulas for Diffusion and Reaction in Porous Catalysts
by Mirosław K. Szukiewicz and Elżbieta Chmiel-Szukiewicz
Reactions 2024, 5(2), 305-317; https://doi.org/10.3390/reactions5020015 - 29 Apr 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1536
Abstract
Approximate models are a fast and most often precise tool for determining the effectiveness factor for heterogeneous catalysis processes that are realized in the real world. They are also frequently applied as robust transient models describing the work of a single catalyst pellet [...] Read more.
Approximate models are a fast and most often precise tool for determining the effectiveness factor for heterogeneous catalysis processes that are realized in the real world. They are also frequently applied as robust transient models describing the work of a single catalyst pellet or as a part of a more complex model, for example, a reactor model, where mass balances for the gas phase and solid phase are necessary. So far, approximate models for diffusion and reaction processes have been presented for processes described by a single balance equation. In the present work, approximate models without the mentioned limitation are presented and discussed. In addition, simple rules are shown for the development of other complex approximate models without tedious derivation in the complex domain. The formulas considered in this work are typical long-time approximations of the transient process. The accuracy is good, especially in the range of small and intermediate Thiele modulus values. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in Reactions in 2024)
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