Search for Articles:
Title / Keyword
Author / Affiliation / Email
Journal
Article Type
 
 
Advanced Search
 
Section
Special Issue
Volume
Issue
Number
Page
 
6.6
5.0
Journals
Polymers
Special Issues
Physical and Biological Properties of Polymeric Biomaterials
share announcement

Physical and Biological Properties of Polymeric Biomaterials

A special issue of Polymers (ISSN 2073-4360). This special issue belongs to the section "Biomacromolecules, Biobased and Biodegradable Polymers".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 April 2023) | Viewed by 12824

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Tzu-Yu Peng

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Dentistry, College of oral medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
Interests: dentistry; materials science; polymeric materials; ceramic materials; adhesive dentistry; fatigue and fracture analysis; dental materials; prosthodontics
Prof. Dr. Dan-Jae Lin

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Dentistry, China Medical University (ROC), Taichung, Taiwan
Interests: biomaterials; bone; surface modification; medical devices regulation; tech. for bone cells and hard tissues

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

High-performance polymeric biomaterials (i.g., polyetheretherketone (PEEK), polyetherketoneketone (PEKK), etc.) have excellent biocompatibility, fatigue resistance, abrasion resistance, and hydrolysis resistance, without biological toxicity. They are highly stable in the oral cavity without qualitative changes. Polymeric biomaterials can overcome the brittle properties of ceramic materials, and can have their appearance altered by utilizing color pigment or staining techniques. The material properties of polymeric biomaterials are similar to human hard tissues (e.g., bone). When applied to implants, they can achieve shock-absorption effects. Additionally, polymeric biomaterials can be modified by combining them with other composite materials (such as glass or carbon fibers, etc.) to increase their mechanical strength or biocompatibility. In addition to traditional manufacturing processes, polymeric biomaterials can be easily manufactured through digital manufacturing processes such as additive manufacturing (3D printing) and computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing. The digital data are easy to store, and thus can be quickly reproduced in the event of damage or failure. Therefore, polymeric biomaterials have recently become widely used in skull and hip replacements, dental implants and prostheses, and several other biomedical engineering fields. 

For this Special Issue of Polymers, subjects including, but not limited to, the following are welcome for submission:

  • Material manufacturing process and material modification;
  • Surface science, modification, and engineering;
  • Biological response (cell viability, antibacterial testing, molecular biology, etc.);
  • Clinical biomedical application in medicine, dental, or pharmacy.

It is hoped that basic research and clinical applications can be discussed through this Special Issue, with the aim of improving the applicability of polymer biomedical materials.

Prof. Dr. Tzu-Yu Peng
Prof. Dr. Dan-Jae Lin
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Polymers is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • polyetheretherketone
  • polyetherketoneketone
  • biopolymer
  • biocomposite
  • physicochemical properties
  • material manufacturing process
  • surface modification
  • oral microbiology
  • biocompatibility
  • biological response
  • biomedical engineering
  • molecular biology
  • clinical biomedical application

Published Papers (6 papers)

Download All Papers
Order results
Result details
Show export options expand_more Show export options expand_less
Select all
Export citation of selected articles as:

Research

14 pages, 4629 KiB  
Article
Fracture Characteristics of Commercial PEEK Dental Crowns: Combining the Effects of Aging Time and TiO2 Content
by Wen-Ju Lu, Wei-Cheng Chen, Viritpon Srimaneepong, Chiang-Sang Chen, Chang-Hung Huang, Hui-Ching Lin, Oi-Hong Tung and Her-Hsiung Huang
Polymers 2023, 15(12), 2720; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15122720 - 17 Jun 2023
Viewed by 1684
Abstract
Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) is an emerging thermoplastic polymer with good mechanical properties and an elastic modulus similar to that of alveolar bone. PEEK dental prostheses for computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) systems on the market often have additives of titanium dioxide (TiO2) to [...] Read more.
Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) is an emerging thermoplastic polymer with good mechanical properties and an elastic modulus similar to that of alveolar bone. PEEK dental prostheses for computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) systems on the market often have additives of titanium dioxide (TiO2) to strengthen their mechanical properties. However, the effects of combining aging, simulating a long-term intraoral environment, and TiO2 content on the fracture characteristics of PEEK dental prostheses have rarely been investigated. In this study, two types of commercially available PEEK blocks, containing 20% and 30% TiO2, were used to fabricate dental crowns by CAD/CAM systems and were aged for 5 and 10 h based on the ISO 13356 specifications. The compressive fracture load values of PEEK dental crowns were measured using a universal test machine. The morphology and crystallinity of the fracture surface were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and an X-ray diffractometer, respectively. Statistical analysis was performed using the paired t-test (α = 0.05). Results showed no significant difference in the fracture load value of the test PEEK crowns with 20% and 30% TiO2 after 5 or 10 h of aging treatment; all test PEEK crowns have satisfactory fracture properties for clinical applications. Fracture surface analysis revealed that all test crowns fractured from the lingual side of the occlusal surface, with the fracture extending along the lingual sulcus to the lingual edge, showing a feather shape at the middle part of the fracture extension path and a coral shape at the end of the fracture. Crystalline analysis showed that PEEK crowns, regardless of aging time and TiO2 content, remained predominantly PEEK matrix and rutile phase TiO2. We would conclude that adding 20% or 30% TiO2 to PEEK crowns may have been sufficient to improve the fracture properties of PEEK crowns after 5 or 10 h of aging. Aging times below 10 h may still be safe for reducing the fracture properties of TiO2-containing PEEK crowns. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Physical and Biological Properties of Polymeric Biomaterials)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

16 pages, 3531 KiB  
Article
Collagen Scaffolds Laden with Human Periodontal Ligament Fibroblasts Promote Periodontal Regeneration in SD Rat Model
by Yi-Tao Chang, Chuan-Ching Lai and Dan-Jae Lin
Polymers 2023, 15(12), 2649; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15122649 - 12 Jun 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1933
Abstract
Periodontitis, a chronic inflammatory disease caused by microbial communities carrying pathogens, leads to the loss of tooth-supporting tissues and is a significant contributor to tooth loss. This study aims to develop a novel injectable cell-laden hydrogel consisted of collagen (COL), riboflavin, and a [...] Read more.
Periodontitis, a chronic inflammatory disease caused by microbial communities carrying pathogens, leads to the loss of tooth-supporting tissues and is a significant contributor to tooth loss. This study aims to develop a novel injectable cell-laden hydrogel consisted of collagen (COL), riboflavin, and a dental light-emitting diode (LED) photo-cross-linking process for periodontal regeneration. Utilizing α-SMA and ALP immunofluorescence markers, we confirmed the differentiation of human periodontal ligament fibroblasts (HPLFs) into myofibroblasts and preosteoblasts within collagen scaffolds in vitro. Twenty-four rats with three-wall artificial periodontal defects were divided into four groups, Blank, COL_LED, COL_HPLF, and COL_HPLF_LED, and histomorphometrically assessed after 6 weeks. Notably, the COL_HPLF_LED group showed less relative epithelial downgrowth (p < 0.01 for Blank, p < 0.05 for COL_LED and COL_HPLF), and the relative residual bone defect was significantly reduced in the COL_HPLF_LED group compared to the Blank and the COL_LED group (p < 0.05). The results indicated that LED photo-cross-linking collagen scaffolds possess sufficient strength to withstand the forces of surgical process and biting, providing support for HPLF cells embedded within them. The secretion of cells is suggested to promote the repair of adjacent tissues, including well-oriented periodontal ligament and alveolar bone regeneration. The approach developed in this study demonstrates clinical feasibility and holds promise for achieving both functional and structural regeneration of periodontal defects. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Physical and Biological Properties of Polymeric Biomaterials)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

10 pages, 1222 KiB  
Article
Effect of Various Airborne Particle Abrasion Conditions on Bonding between Polyether-Ether-Ketone (PEEK) and Dental Resin Cement
by Pao-Chieh Lee, Tzu-Yu Peng, Tien-Li Ma, Kuan-Yu Chiang, Yuichi Mine, I-Ta Lee, Chang-Chiang Yu, Su-Feng Chen and Jian-Hong Yu
Polymers 2023, 15(9), 2114; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15092114 - 28 Apr 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1405
Abstract
The effects of alumina particle size and jet pressure on the bond strength of polyetheretherketone (PEEK) were examined to determine the airborne particle abrasion parameters with minimal effects on PEEK and to achieve optimal bond strength, as a reference for future clinical use. [...] Read more.
The effects of alumina particle size and jet pressure on the bond strength of polyetheretherketone (PEEK) were examined to determine the airborne particle abrasion parameters with minimal effects on PEEK and to achieve optimal bond strength, as a reference for future clinical use. An alumina particle with four particle sizes and three jet pressures was used to air-abrade PEEK. Surface roughness (Ra), morphology, chemical structure, and wettability were analyzed using a stylus profilometer, scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffractometer, and contact angle analyzer, respectively. The shear bond strength (SBS) of PEEK and dental resin cement was analyzed using a universal testing machine (n = 10). The failure modes and debonded fracture surfaces were observed using optical microscopy. Airborne particle abrasion increased the Ra and hydrophobicity of PEEK and deposited alumina residues. The SBS generally decreased after thermal cycling. A large particle size damaged the PEEK surface. The effects of different particle sizes and jet pressures on the SBS were only significant in certain groups. Adhesive failure was the main mode for all groups. Within the limitations of this study, 110 μm grain-sized alumina particles combined with a jet pressure of 2 bar prevented damage to PEEK, providing sufficient SBS and bonding durability between PEEK and dental resin cement. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Physical and Biological Properties of Polymeric Biomaterials)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

13 pages, 2739 KiB  
Article
Physicochemical Characterization, Biocompatibility, and Antibacterial Properties of CMC/PVA/Calendula officinalis Films for Biomedical Applications
by Wen-Hsin Huang, Chia-Yi Hung, Pao-Chang Chiang, Hsiang Lee, I-Ting Lin, Pin-Chuang Lai, Ya-Hui Chan and Sheng-Wei Feng
Polymers 2023, 15(6), 1454; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15061454 - 14 Mar 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2247
Abstract
This study reports a carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composite film that incorporates Calendula officinalis (CO) extract for biomedical applications. The morphological, physical, mechanical, hydrophilic, biological, and antibacterial properties of CMC/PVA composite films with various CO concentrations (0.1%, 1%, 2.5%, 4%, and 5%) [...] Read more.
This study reports a carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composite film that incorporates Calendula officinalis (CO) extract for biomedical applications. The morphological, physical, mechanical, hydrophilic, biological, and antibacterial properties of CMC/PVA composite films with various CO concentrations (0.1%, 1%, 2.5%, 4%, and 5%) are fully investigated using different experiments. The surface morphology and structure of the composite films are significantly affected by higher CO concentrations. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR) analyses confirm the structural interactions among CMC, PVA, and CO. After CO is incorporated, the tensile strength and elongation upon the breaking of the films decrease significantly. The addition of CO significantly reduces the ultimate tensile strength of the composite films from 42.8 to 13.2 MPa. Furthermore, by increasing the concentration of CO to 0.75%, the contact angle is decreased from 15.8° to 10.9°. The MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide] assay reveals that the CMC/PVA/CO-2.5% and CMC/PVA/CO-4% composite films are non-cytotoxic to human skin fibroblast cells, which is favorable for cell proliferation. Remarkably, 2.5% and 4% CO incorporation significantly improve the inhibition ability of the CMC/PVA composite films against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. In summary, CMC/PVA composite films containing 2.5% CO exhibit the functional properties for wound healing and biomedical engineering applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Physical and Biological Properties of Polymeric Biomaterials)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

13 pages, 2536 KiB  
Article
Effects of At-Home and In-Office Bleaching Agents on the Color Recovery of Esthetic CAD-CAM Restorations after Red Wine Immersion
by Wei-Fang Lee, Hidekazu Takahashi, Shiun-Yi Huang, Jia-Zhen Zhang, Nai-Chia Teng and Pei-Wen Peng
Polymers 2022, 14(18), 3891; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14183891 - 17 Sep 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1406
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of at-home and in-office bleaching agents on esthetic CAD-CAM materials after red wine immersion by measuring their optical properties. Sixty specimens were prepared out of three esthetic CAD-CAM materials: Vita Enamic, Celtra Duo, [...] Read more.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of at-home and in-office bleaching agents on esthetic CAD-CAM materials after red wine immersion by measuring their optical properties. Sixty specimens were prepared out of three esthetic CAD-CAM materials: Vita Enamic, Celtra Duo, and Ceresmart (n = 20). All specimens were immersed in a red wine solution, and color measurements were performed. Specimens were randomly divided (n = 10) according to the bleaching procedure (in office, at home), bleaching durations were set to 3 time points, and color measurements were performed. According to the Commission Internationale de l’Eclairage (CIE) L* a* b* parameters, CIEDE2000 color differences (ΔE00), translucency parameters (TP00), and whiteness index values (ΔWID) after wine staining and after bleaching were calculated. Data were analyzed using the Mann–Whitney U-test, the Kruskal–Wallis test, and a two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) (α = 0.05). ΔE00, ΔTP00, and ΔWID decreased with an increase in bleaching treatment. ΔE00 after the final bleaching treatment of in-office bleaching ranged from 1.7 to 2.0, whereas those of in-office treatment ranged from 0.4 to 1.1. All ΔTP00 and ΔWID after the final treatment were below the 50:50% perceptibility thresholds (ΔTP00 < 0.6, and ΔWID < 0.7). Significant differences in ΔE00, ΔTP00, and ΔWID among esthetic CAD-CAM materials were found between CD and CE. In the present study, color recovery after at-home and in-office bleaching appeared to be material-dependent. In-office bleaching showed more effective recovery comparing to at-home bleaching. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Physical and Biological Properties of Polymeric Biomaterials)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

11 pages, 13818 KiB  
Communication
Biocompatible Films of Calcium Alginate Inactivate Enveloped Viruses Such as SARS-CoV-2
by Alba Cano-Vicent, Rina Hashimoto, Kazuo Takayama and Ángel Serrano-Aroca
Polymers 2022, 14(7), 1483; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14071483 - 6 Apr 2022
Cited by 19 | Viewed by 2831
Abstract
The current pandemic is urgently demanding the development of alternative materials capable of inactivating the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that causes the coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) disease. Calcium alginate is a crosslinked hydrophilic biopolymer with an immense range of biomedical applications [...] Read more.
The current pandemic is urgently demanding the development of alternative materials capable of inactivating the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that causes the coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) disease. Calcium alginate is a crosslinked hydrophilic biopolymer with an immense range of biomedical applications due to its excellent chemical, physical, and biological properties. In this study, the cytotoxicity and antiviral activity of calcium alginate in the form of films were studied. The results showed that these films, prepared by solvent casting and subsequent crosslinking with calcium cations, are biocompatible in human keratinocytes and are capable of inactivating enveloped viruses such as bacteriophage phi 6 with a 1.43-log reduction (94.92% viral inactivation) and SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant with a 1.64-log reduction (96.94% viral inactivation) in virus titers. The antiviral activity of these calcium alginate films can be attributed to its compacted negative charges that may bind to viral envelopes inactivating membrane receptors. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Physical and Biological Properties of Polymeric Biomaterials)
►▼ Show Figures

Graphical abstract

Show export options expand_more Show export options expand_less
Select all
Export citation of selected articles as:
 
Displaying articles 1-6
Back to TopTop