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Polymers
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Extrusion of Polymer Blends and Composites
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Extrusion of Polymer Blends and Composites

A special issue of Polymers (ISSN 2073-4360). This special issue belongs to the section "Polymer Processing and Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (25 February 2025) | Viewed by 8138

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Alireza Tabatabaei

E-Mail Website1 Website2
Guest Editor
Woodbridge Foam Corporation, 8214 Kipling Avenue, Woodbridge, ON L4L 2A4, Canada
Interests: polymer processing; microcellular extrusion; microcellular foaming; polymer characterization; biopolymers
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Abolfazl Mohebbi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Microcellular Plastics Manufacturing Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, ON M5S 3G8, Canada
Interests: polymer and foam processing; ferroelectret; energy harvesting; medical textiles; polymer characterizations; rheology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Developing products with a lighter weight, higher performance, and lower carbon dioxide footprint remains a priority for almost all applications, including mobility, industrial, consumer goods, packaging, and construction. To fulfil these goals, enhancement of current systems or the development of new materials and processes is needed.

Since their invention, extruders have been utilized as well-established equipment in the plastic manufacturing industry for mixing, compounding, shaping materials, and masterbatch production. Meeting the desired end-use product performance requires a deep understanding of material behaviour, processing, and the mechanisms that govern the properties.

This Special Issue aims to report on the progress of novel research topics related to the “Extrusion of Polymer Blends and Composites”. We are inviting researchers to contribute their review and research manuscripts on advances in polymer extrusion.

Dr. Alireza Tabatabaei
Dr. Abolfazl Mohebbi
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Polymers is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • polymer extrusion
  • foam extrusion
  • single-screw extruder
  • twin-screw extruder
  • sheet and profile extrusion
  • extrusion of polymer blends and composites
  • reactive extrusion
  • polymer characterizations
  • polymer testing
  • processing, morphology, and rheology of blends
  • extrusion of biopolymers
  • extrusion of nanocomposites
  • mixing and compounding
  • screw geometry design
  • die design
  • mechanical recycling

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

19 pages, 25804 KiB  
Article
Analysis of the Dispersive and Distributive Mixing Effect of Screw Elements on the Co-Rotating Twin-Screw Extruder with Particle Tracking
by Jan Philipp Oldemeier and Volker Schöppner
Polymers 2024, 16(21), 2952; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym16212952 - 22 Oct 2024
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2570
Abstract
Compounding is an important step in processing base polymers and is used to incorporate various additives into a polymer. For this purpose, different screw elements are used for dispersive and distributive mixing on a co-rotating twin-screw extruder. Optimising the screw configuration requires precise [...] Read more.
Compounding is an important step in processing base polymers and is used to incorporate various additives into a polymer. For this purpose, different screw elements are used for dispersive and distributive mixing on a co-rotating twin-screw extruder. Optimising the screw configuration requires precise knowledge of the screw elements’ mixing properties, which have not been thoroughly investigated. This study analyses the mixing behaviour of individual screw elements regarding dispersive and distributive mixing using 3D CFD flow simulations with subsequent particle tracking. For distributive mixing, the particle distribution behind the screw elements in the XY plane is analysed and the mixing index MQ, which relates the standard deviation and the mean value of the triangular areas between the particles, is calculated. For dispersive mixing, the maximum shear stress on the particle path and the integral of the shear stress over the residence time of each individual particle are determined. The results show that screw element geometry and rotation speed have a significant influence on dispersive and distributive mixing. In addition, better dispersive mixing is achievable with highly viscous materials. These findings enable the optimisation of the mixing zone of a co-rotating twin-screw extruder for the efficient mixing of mineral fillers. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Extrusion of Polymer Blends and Composites)
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28 pages, 20226 KiB  
Article
Poly(dl-lactide) Polymer Blended with Mineral Phases for Extrusion 3D Printing—Studies on Degradation and Biocompatibility
by Corina Vater, Christian Bräuer, Stefanie Grom, Tatjana Fecht, Tilman Ahlfeld, Max von Witzleben, Anna-Maria Placht, Kathleen Schütz, Jan Marc Schehl, Tobias Wolfram, Frank Reinauer, Martin Scharffenberg, Jakob Wittenstein, Andreas Hoess, Sascha Heinemann, Michael Gelinsky, Günter Lauer and Anja Lode
Polymers 2024, 16(9), 1254; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym16091254 - 30 Apr 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2114
Abstract
A promising therapeutic option for the treatment of critical-size mandibular defects is the implantation of biodegradable, porous structures that are produced patient-specifically by using additive manufacturing techniques. In this work, degradable poly(DL-lactide) polymer (PDLLA) was blended with different mineral phases with the aim [...] Read more.
A promising therapeutic option for the treatment of critical-size mandibular defects is the implantation of biodegradable, porous structures that are produced patient-specifically by using additive manufacturing techniques. In this work, degradable poly(DL-lactide) polymer (PDLLA) was blended with different mineral phases with the aim of buffering its acidic degradation products, which can cause inflammation and stimulate bone regeneration. Microparticles of CaCO3, SrCO3, tricalcium phosphates (α-TCP, β-TCP), or strontium-modified hydroxyapatite (SrHAp) were mixed with the polymer powder following processing the blends into scaffolds with the Arburg Plastic Freeforming 3D-printing method. An in vitro degradation study over 24 weeks revealed a buffer effect for all mineral phases, with the buffering capacity of CaCO3 and SrCO3 being the highest. Analysis of conductivity, swelling, microstructure, viscosity, and glass transition temperature evidenced that the mineral phases influence the degradation behavior of the scaffolds. Cytocompatibility of all polymer blends was proven in cell experiments with SaOS-2 cells. Patient-specific implants consisting of PDLLA + CaCO3, which were tested in a pilot in vivo study in a segmental mandibular defect in minipigs, exhibited strong swelling. Based on these results, an in vitro swelling prediction model was developed that simulates the conditions of anisotropic swelling after implantation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Extrusion of Polymer Blends and Composites)
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17 pages, 5279 KiB  
Article
Improved Optimization of a Coextrusion Die with a Complex Geometry Using the Coupling Inverse Design Method
by Xinyu Hao, Guangdong Zhang and Tong Deng
Polymers 2023, 15(15), 3310; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15153310 - 4 Aug 2023
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2135
Abstract
The main challenge in a polymer coextrusion process is to have a good die design prior to the process, which can minimize the geometric errors that are caused by extrusion swell and interface motion. For this purpose, a coupling method of optimization and [...] Read more.
The main challenge in a polymer coextrusion process is to have a good die design prior to the process, which can minimize the geometric errors that are caused by extrusion swell and interface motion. For this purpose, a coupling method of optimization and inverse design for a coextrusion die was studied for a medical striped catheter. In the study, the main material was thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), and the auxiliary material was TPU filled with 30 wt% barium sulfate. An overall optimization design method was used to optimize the geometry of the extrusion die channel for the striped catheter, which had a complex geometry. In the global optimization process, the local inverse design method was used to design the inlet of the auxiliary material. The non-linear programming by quadratic Lagrangian (NLPQL) algorithm was used to obtain the optimal geometric solution of the coextrusion die runner. The experimental verification results showed that the coupling method for coextrusion die design improved the design efficiency of the coextrusion die remarkably. The value of the objective function, which was used to measure the geometric error of the product, was reduced by 72.3% compared with the initial die design. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Extrusion of Polymer Blends and Composites)
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