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Photochem
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Exclusive Papers of the Editorial Board Members of the Journal...
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Exclusive Papers of the Editorial Board Members of the Journal Photochem

A special issue of Photochem (ISSN 2673-7256).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2024 | Viewed by 7183

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Dirk M. Guldi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials, Friedrich-Alexander-Universitaet Erlangen-Nuernberg, 91052 Erlangen, Germany
Interests: molecular hybrids; quantum dots; quantum rods and nanoparticles
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue of Photochem is dedicated to recent advances in the research area of photochemistry and comprises a selection of exclusive papers of the Editorial Board Members (EBMs) of the journal Photochem. This Special Issue collects either research articles highlighting interesting results obtained by the research groups of our journal’s EBMs or review articles in which our journal’s EBMs discuss key topics in the field. This Special Issue aims to represent our journal as an attractive open-access publishing platform for photochemistry research. All EBMs are invited to contribute original research articles or comprehensive reviews, all of which will be peer-reviewed before acceptance for publication.

Prof. Dr. Dirk M. Guldi
Guest Editor

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 5106 KiB  
Article
Excitation–Emission Fluorescence Mapping Analysis of Microplastics That Are Typically Pollutants
by Syed Atif Iqrar, Aisha Bibi, Raghavan Chinnambedu Murugesan, Daniel Hill and Alex Rozhin
Photochem 2024, 4(4), 488-500; https://doi.org/10.3390/photochem4040030 - 28 Nov 2024
Viewed by 936
Abstract
Micro- and nanoplastics (MNPs) pose a significant threat to marine and human life due to their immense toxicity. To protect these ecosystems, the development of reliable technologies for MNP detection, characterisation, and removal is vital. While FTIR and Raman spectroscopy are established methods [...] Read more.
Micro- and nanoplastics (MNPs) pose a significant threat to marine and human life due to their immense toxicity. To protect these ecosystems, the development of reliable technologies for MNP detection, characterisation, and removal is vital. While FTIR and Raman spectroscopy are established methods for MNP analysis, fluorescence (FL) spectroscopy has recently emerged as a promising alternative. However, most prior research relies on FL emission probing with a single excitation wavelength for MNP detection. In this study, we introduce a two-dimensional (2D) fluorescence excitation–emission (FLE) mapping method for the detection of commonly found microplastics, namely polystyrene (PS), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and polypropylene (PP). The FLE mapping technique enables the collective recording of emission spectra across a range of excitation wavelengths, revealing the dominant excitation–emission features of different microplastics. This research advances the field by offering a non-destructive and label-free identification of MNP contamination through the use of FL spectral fingerprints. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Exclusive Papers of the Editorial Board Members of the Journal Photochem)
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17 pages, 2920 KiB  
Article
The Rhodamine–Perylene Compact Electron Donor–Acceptor Dyad: Spin-Orbit Charge-Transfer Intersystem Crossing and the Energy Balance of the Triplet Excited States
by Muhammad Imran, Dongyi Liu, Kaiyue Ye, Xue Zhang and Jianzhang Zhao
Photochem 2024, 4(1), 40-56; https://doi.org/10.3390/photochem4010004 - 29 Jan 2024
Viewed by 1433
Abstract
We prepared a rhodamine (RB)–perylene (Pery) compact electron donor/acceptor dyad (RB–Pery) to study the spin-orbit charge-transfer intersystem crossing (SOCT–ISC). The UV–vis absorption spectrum indicates a negligible electronic interaction between the donor and acceptor at ground state. However, the fluorescence of both [...] Read more.
We prepared a rhodamine (RB)–perylene (Pery) compact electron donor/acceptor dyad (RB–Pery) to study the spin-orbit charge-transfer intersystem crossing (SOCT–ISC). The UV–vis absorption spectrum indicates a negligible electronic interaction between the donor and acceptor at ground state. However, the fluorescence of both the RB and Pery units are quenched in the dyad, which is attributed to the photoinduced electron transfer, supported by the electrochemical studies. Nanosecond transient absorption (ns-TA) spectra show delocalized triplet states, i.e., there is an excited-state equilibrium between Pery and the RB triplet states. The triplet state lifetime was determined as 109.8 μs. With intermolecular triplet–triplet energy transfer, monitored using ns-TA spectra, the triplet-state energy balance between RB and Pery in RB–Pery was confirmed. The proposed cascade photophysical processes of the dyad are 1RB*-Pery→RB–Pery+•→[3RB*-Pery↔RB-3Pery*]. Moreover, long-lived rhodamine radical cation (in milliseconds) was detected in both deaerated/aerated non-polar or low-polarity solvents (i.e., p-xylene, toluene). The potential energy curve of the dyad against the variation in the dihedral angle between the two units indicates large torsional freedom (53°~128°) in RB–Pery, which leads to inefficient SOCT–ISC; consequently, low singlet-oxygen quantum yields (ΦΔ = 2~8%) were observed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Exclusive Papers of the Editorial Board Members of the Journal Photochem)
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19 pages, 4678 KiB  
Article
Photolytic Degradation of the Insecticide Clothianidin in Hydrochar Aquatic Suspensions and Extracts
by Artemis Pappa, Feidias Bairamis and Ioannis Konstantinou
Photochem 2023, 3(4), 442-460; https://doi.org/10.3390/photochem3040027 - 7 Nov 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1522
Abstract
In this study, the aqueous photolytic degradation of the neonicotinoid pesticide clothianidin was studied in suspensions and aqueous extracts of hydrochar produced from olive kernels. A slight and nonsignificant decrease in the photodegradation rate of clothianidin in aqueous extracts of hydrochar (HCw) with [...] Read more.
In this study, the aqueous photolytic degradation of the neonicotinoid pesticide clothianidin was studied in suspensions and aqueous extracts of hydrochar produced from olive kernels. A slight and nonsignificant decrease in the photodegradation rate of clothianidin in aqueous extracts of hydrochar (HCw) with an initial concentration of hydrochar ranged from 50 to 400 mg L−1 (rate constants ranged between k = 0.0034 and 0.0039 min−1) was observed in comparison to the respective rate in the bi-distilled water (k = 0.0040 min−1). On the contrary, in the presence of hydrochar suspensions (HCp), a significant decrease was observed for 50 mg L−1 hydrochar particle concentration (k = 0.020 min−1), while for higher concentrations (100 to 400 mg L−1), rate constants increased but with nonsignificant differences compared with the kinetics followed in the absence of them. Generally, the photodegradation rate of clothianidin, in the presence of HCw and HCp, is reduced compared to the photodegradation rate in bi-distilled aqueous solutions, except in the case of the aqueous suspension with an HCp concentration of 200 mg L−1. The transformation products (TPs) of clothianidin formed in the photolytic degradation processes were identified using ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography coupled with accurate high-resolution mass spectrometry technique (UHPLC-LTQ-ORBITRAP). The formation profiles of TPs varied according to the matrix showing different degrees of participation of direct and indirect (photosensitized) phototransformation pathways. Photolytic degradation of clothianidin takes place mainly through denitration, hydroxylation and dechlorination pathways. Finally, the toxicity of the identified TPs was studied using the Vibrio fischeri bioassay. Toxicity was slightly reduced after 300 min of irradiation while maximum value was observed after 180–240 min of irradiation showing the formation of more toxic TPs along the photochemical degradation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Exclusive Papers of the Editorial Board Members of the Journal Photochem)
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24 pages, 5328 KiB  
Article
New Fluorescent Porphyrins with High Two-Photon Absorption Cross-Sections Designed for Oxygen-Sensitization: Impact of Changing the Connectors in the Peripheral Arms
by Limiao Shi, Zhipeng Sun, Nicolas Richy, Olivier Mongin, Mireille Blanchard-Desce, Frédéric Paul and Christine O. Paul-Roth
Photochem 2023, 3(3), 336-359; https://doi.org/10.3390/photochem3030021 - 10 Aug 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1561
Abstract
In the continuation of our sustained interest in porphyrin-based dendrimers and their use as luminescent photosensitizers for two-photon photodynamic therapy (2P-PDT), we wondered about the effect of changing the connectors in our macromolecular structures. We also wanted to initiate preliminary studies on meso [...] Read more.
In the continuation of our sustained interest in porphyrin-based dendrimers and their use as luminescent photosensitizers for two-photon photodynamic therapy (2P-PDT), we wondered about the effect of changing the connectors in our macromolecular structures. We also wanted to initiate preliminary studies on meso-tetraarylporphyrins decorated with more electron-releasing arms. Thus, various meso-tetrafluorenylporphyrin-cored star-shaped and dendrimeric derivatives have been synthesized and characterized, as well as their zinc(II) complexes. In the new dendrimeric derivatives, the peripheral fluorenyl units of the dendrons are linked to the inner core either by N-phenylcarbazole (CCbz) or triphenylamine (CTpa) connectors instead of the more classic 1,3,5-phenylene (CPh) linkers previously used by us. Selected linear and non-linear optical (LO and NLO) properties were then determined for these compounds via absorption or emission studies and by two-photon excited fluorescence (TPEF) measurements. It was found that the CCbz-containing dendrimer, which has the most rigid structure, exhibits a significantly lower two-photon absorption (2PA) cross-section than its CTpa analog, presenting a more flexible structure while rather similar luminescence and singlet oxygen activation quantum yields are found for both. The origin of this unexpected discrepancy is briefly discussed based on our photophysical data. It is then demonstrated that the latter dendrimer also outperforms several closely related dendrimers in terms of 2PA action cross-section and 2PA-oxygen sensitization, making its molecular architecture quite appealing for developing new 2PA photosensitizers suited to theranostic uses. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Exclusive Papers of the Editorial Board Members of the Journal Photochem)
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Review

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21 pages, 2188 KiB  
Review
A Review of Visible Light Responsive Photocatalysts for Arsenic Remediation in Water
by Isabella Natali Sora, Francesca Fontana, Renato Pelosato and Benedetta Bertolotti
Photochem 2024, 4(2), 198-218; https://doi.org/10.3390/photochem4020012 - 17 Apr 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1048
Abstract
This review summarizes the progress over the last fifteen years in visible light reactive photocatalysts for environmental arsenic remediation. The design and performance of several materials including (1) doped and surface functionalized TiO2, (2) binary composites combining TiO2 with another [...] Read more.
This review summarizes the progress over the last fifteen years in visible light reactive photocatalysts for environmental arsenic remediation. The design and performance of several materials including (1) doped and surface functionalized TiO2, (2) binary composites combining TiO2 with another semiconductor that absorbs visible light radiation or a metal (Pt), (3) ternary composites incorporating TiO2, a conductive polymer that can retard electron-hole recombination and an excellent adsorbent material for the removal of As(V), (4) tungsten, zinc, and bismuth oxides, (5) g-C3N4 based catalysts, and (6) M@AgCl core–shell structures. These results show that long reaction time remains a major challenge in achieving high As(III) oxidation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Exclusive Papers of the Editorial Board Members of the Journal Photochem)
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