Diabetes Mellitus: Promising Molecules, Drug Modification, Formulations, and Therapy

A special issue of Pharmaceutics (ISSN 1999-4923). This special issue belongs to the section "Drug Targeting and Design".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 September 2024) | Viewed by 6455

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Laboratory of Pharmacological Researches, N.N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry (NIOCH SB RAS), Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
Interests: pharmaceutical development; host-guest complexes; medicinal and pharmaceutical chemistry; drug discovery; pharmacology; pharmaceutical formulation; toxicology; medicinal chemistry; biomedical materials
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Diabetes mellitus is a complex and heterogeneous disease that can affect people at different stages of life. This disease is characterized by an impairment of the carbohydrate, lipid, and protein metabolism. Among the three known types of diabetes mellitus, Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is the most common; it is often referred to as an epidemic affecting the developed countries of the world and is a noticeable disorder that manifests in the structure of metabolic syndrome. Despite the availability of various therapeutic agents in modern medicine, maintaining adequate levels of glycemic control is still a challenge. It requires improvements in pharmacotherapy by means of agents with new mechanisms of action and/or making improvements to existing drugs by creating innovative delivery systems.

Thus, this Special Issue aims to collect articles that are devoted to the study of the pharmacological properties of chemical compounds that have new, not yet applicable in medicine, mechanisms of hypoglycemic action. It also welcomes papers that attend to the creation of delivery systems and to other modifications made to drugs that are already available on the pharmaceutical market.

In this Special Issue, original research articles and reviews are welcome. Research areas may include (but not limited to) the following:

  • New therapy targets for T2DM treatment;
  • Drug discovery and development for diabetes treatments;
  • T2DM’s complications treatment;
  • Drug delivery systems for diabetes treatments;
  • Pharmaceutical formulation design for diabetes treatments.

I look forward to receiving your contributions.

Dr. Mikhail V. Khvostov
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • diabetes mellitus
  • drug discovery
  • antidiabetic drugs
  • drug delivery system
  • pharmaceutical formulation design

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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13 pages, 5066 KiB  
Article
Bornyl-Containing Derivatives of Benzyloxyphenylpropanoic Acid as FFAR1 Agonists: In Vitro and In Vivo Studies
by Darya A. Pon’kina, Sergey O. Kuranov, Mariya K. Marenina, Yulia V. Meshkova, Nataliya A. Zhukova, Mikhail V. Khvostov, Olga A. Luzina, Tatiana G. Tolstikova and Nariman F. Salakhutdinov
Pharmaceutics 2023, 15(6), 1670; https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics15061670 - 7 Jun 2023
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Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is one of the most common chronic diseases worldwide. Several classes of hypoglycemic drugs are used to treat it, but various side effects limit their clinical use. Consequently, the search for new anti-diabetic agents remains an urgent task [...] Read more.
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is one of the most common chronic diseases worldwide. Several classes of hypoglycemic drugs are used to treat it, but various side effects limit their clinical use. Consequently, the search for new anti-diabetic agents remains an urgent task for modern pharmacology. In this investigation, we examined the hypoglycemic effects of bornyl-containing benzyloxyphenylpropanoic acid derivatives (QS-528 and QS-619) in a diet-induced model of T2DM. Animals were given the tested compounds per os at a dose of 30 mg/kg for 4 weeks. At the end of the experiment, compound QS-619 demonstrated a hypoglycemic effect, while QS-528 showed hepatoprotection. In addition, we performed a number of in vitro and in vivo experiments to study the presumed mechanism of action of the tested agents. Compound QS-619 was determined to activate the free fatty acid receptor-1 (FFAR1) similarly to the reference agonist GW9508 and its structural analogue QS-528. Both agents also increased insulin and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide concentrations in CD-1 mice. Our results indicate that QS-619 and QS-528 are probably full FFAR1 agonists. Full article
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29 pages, 2602 KiB  
Systematic Review
Recent Advances in the Drugs and Glucose-Responsive Drug Delivery Systems for the Treatment of Diabetes: A Systematic Review
by Junyu Liu, Xudong Yi, Jinrui Zhang, Yiman Yao, Pharkphoom Panichayupakaranant and Haixia Chen
Pharmaceutics 2024, 16(10), 1343; https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics16101343 - 20 Oct 2024
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Abstract
Diabetes is a common chronic metabolic disease. Different types of drugs play important roles in controlling diabetes and its complications, but there are some limitations. The glucose-responsive drug delivery system is a novel technology with potential in diabetes treatment. It could automatically release [...] Read more.
Diabetes is a common chronic metabolic disease. Different types of drugs play important roles in controlling diabetes and its complications, but there are some limitations. The glucose-responsive drug delivery system is a novel technology with potential in diabetes treatment. It could automatically release drugs in response to changes in glucose levels in the body to maintain blood glucose within a normal range. The emergence of a glucose-sensitive drug delivery system provides a more intelligent and precise way to treat diabetes. The review is carried out according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews (PRISMA 2020) guidelines This review focuses on the recent advances in the drugs and different systems of glucose-sensitive drug delivery, including glucose oxidase, phenylboronic acid, Concanavalin A, and other glucose-reactive systems. Furthermore, the glucose-responsive drug delivery system combined with the application applied in hydrogels, microneedles, and nanoparticles is also explored and summarized. The new platforms to sustain the release of anti-diabetic drugs could be desirable for patients. It could lead to increased adherence and glycemic outcomes for the detection and treatment of diabetes. Furthermore, given the limitations of glucose-responsive drug delivery systems, solutions and perspectives are proposed to help the understanding and application of these systems. This review will be helpful for drug discovery and treatment of diabetes from a new perspective. Full article
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