Current Advances in Pathogen Diagnosis and Discovery Methods

A special issue of Pathogens (ISSN 2076-0817). This special issue belongs to the section "Viral Pathogens".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 September 2025 | Viewed by 2030

Special Issue Editor

School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
Interests: pathogen discovery; One Health; emerging infectious diseases; multi-omics

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The rapid evolution of infectious diseases and the emergence of new pathogens highlight the urgent need for advancements in pathogen diagnosis and discovery. As we enter the post-COVID era, the importance of timely and accurate identification of infectious agents becomes increasingly clear, especially in light of global health challenges. This "Current Advances in Pathogen Diagnosis and Discovery Methods" collection will provide a crucial platform for researchers and practitioners to share innovative methodologies, technologies, and findings in this evolving field. It aims to promote collaboration, disseminate innovative research, and emphasize integrating novel diagnostic approaches with surveillance and response initiatives. By uniting diverse perspectives and expertise, this initiative will enhance our understanding of pathogen dynamics and contribute to developing new diagnostic solutions, ultimately improving global health outcomes.

Dr. Cheng Guo
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • infectious diseases
  • diagnostics
  • omics
  • One Health

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 1376 KiB  
Article
Hybrid Capture-Based Sequencing Enables Highly Sensitive Zoonotic Virus Detection Within the One Health Framework
by Weiya Mao, Jin Wang, Ting Li, Jiani Wu, Jiangrong Wang, Shubo Wen, Jicheng Huang, Yongxia Shi, Kui Zheng, Yali Zhai, Xiaokang Li, Yan Long, Jiahai Lu and Cheng Guo
Pathogens 2025, 14(3), 264; https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens14030264 - 7 Mar 2025
Viewed by 693
Abstract
Hybrid capture-based target enrichment prior to sequencing has been shown to significantly improve the sensitivity of detection for genetic regions of interest. In the context of One Health relevant pathogen detection, we present a hybrid capture-based sequencing method that employs an optimized probe [...] Read more.
Hybrid capture-based target enrichment prior to sequencing has been shown to significantly improve the sensitivity of detection for genetic regions of interest. In the context of One Health relevant pathogen detection, we present a hybrid capture-based sequencing method that employs an optimized probe set consisting of 149,990 probes, targeting 663 viruses associated with humans and animals. The detection performance was initially assessed using viral reference materials in a background of human nucleic acids. Compared to standard metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS), our method achieved substantial read enrichment, with increases ranging from 143- to 1126-fold, and enhanced detection sensitivity by lowering the limit of detection (LoD) from 103–104 copies to as few as 10 copies based on whole genomes. This method was further validated using infectious samples from both animals and humans, including bovine rectal swabs and throat swabs from SARS-CoV-2 patients across various concentration gradients. In both sample types, our hybrid capture-based sequencing method exhibited heightened sensitivity, increased viral genome coverage, and more comprehensive viral identification and characterization. Our method bridges a critical divide between diagnostic detection and genomic surveillance. These findings illustrate that our hybrid capture-based sequencing method can effectively enhance sensitivity to as few as 10 viral copies and genome coverage to >99% in medium-to-high viral loads. This dual capability is particularly impactful for emerging pathogens like SARS-CoV-2, where early detection and genomic characterization are equally vital, thereby addressing the limitations of metagenomics in the surveillance of emerging infectious diseases in complex samples. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Current Advances in Pathogen Diagnosis and Discovery Methods)
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14 pages, 1810 KiB  
Article
Comparison of Two Field Deployable PCR Platforms for SARS-CoV-2 and Influenza A and B Viruses’ Detection
by Hakim Bouamar, Grace M. Reed, Wanda Lyon, Hector Lopez, Anna Ochoa and Susana N. Asin
Pathogens 2025, 14(1), 27; https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens14010027 - 3 Jan 2025
Viewed by 899
Abstract
Background: Respiratory viral infections are a major public health challenge and the most diagnosed medical condition, particularly for individuals living in close proximity, like military personnel. We compared the sensitivity and specificity of the Biomeme FranklinTM and Truelab® RT-PCR thermocyclers to [...] Read more.
Background: Respiratory viral infections are a major public health challenge and the most diagnosed medical condition, particularly for individuals living in close proximity, like military personnel. We compared the sensitivity and specificity of the Biomeme FranklinTM and Truelab® RT-PCR thermocyclers to determine which platform is more sensitive and specific at detecting SARS-CoV-2 and influenza A and B viruses. Methodology: RNA extracted from nasopharyngeal swabs of infected and uninfected individuals was tested on the Biomeme FranklinTM at Lackland and the Truelab® at Wright Patterson Air Force bases. Results: We found an 88% and 71% positivity rate in SARS-CoV-2-infected samples tested on Biomeme and Truelab®, respectively. Likewise, we found a 49% and 80% positivity rate in influenza-positive samples tested on Biomeme and Truelab®, respectively. One hundred percent of uninfected swab samples tested negative for SARS-CoV-2 on both platforms. Conversely, 91% and 100% of uninfected swabs tested negative for flu on Biomeme and Truelab®, respectively. Significance: Differences in specificity and sensitivity in detection of SARS-CoV-2 and influenza between Biomeme and Truelab® suggest that Truelab® is a more promising and potentially deployable diagnostic platform for SARS-CoV-2 and influenza viruses’ detection in an austere environment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Current Advances in Pathogen Diagnosis and Discovery Methods)
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