Current Research on Bacillus anthracis Infection

A special issue of Pathogens (ISSN 2076-0817). This special issue belongs to the section "Bacterial Pathogens".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 June 2025 | Viewed by 1320

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Guest Editor
Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Puglia e della Basilicata, 71121 Foggia, Italy
Interests: microbiology; Bacillus anthracis; anthrax; molecular diagnostics; mass spectrometry MALDI-TOF
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Guest Editor
Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Puglia e della Basilicata, 71121 Foggia, Italy
Interests: veterinary bacteriology; Bacillus anthracis; anthrax; molecular diagnostics; molecular typing; vaccines; immunology; mass spectrometry MALDI-TOF
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Anthrax is a serious zoonotic disease, primarily affecting grazing wild and domestic herbivores, in which it usually causes a fatal septicemic infection. Human infection can occur when one comes in contact with infected animals or their products (e.g., animal hides or wool). The clinical forms of human anthrax reflect the different ways the bacteria enter the organism (cutaneous, gastrointestinal, inhalation, and injection). Anthrax is most common in agricultural regions and in developing countries or in countries without veterinary public health programs. Although anthrax cases have globally decreased over the years, anthrax is still considered one of the most feared zoonotic diseases. In this Special Issue, all your articles on pathogenesis, genomics, and epidemiology, as well as the improvement and development of diagnostic methods, are welcome. Original research articles and reviews on advances in research on Bacillus anthracis will be considered. We look forward to your contributions.

Dr. Viviana Manzulli
Dr. Domenico Galante
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • Bacillus anthracis
  • epidemiology
  • pathogenesis
  • diagnostics
  • genomics

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

16 pages, 1445 KiB  
Article
Identification of Bacillus anthracis Strains from Animal Cases in Ethiopia and Genetic Characterization by Whole-Genome Sequencing
by Abebe Olani, Domenico Galante, Matios Lakew, Bayeta Senbeta Wakjira, Getnet Abie Mekonnen, Tesfaye Rufael, Tsegaye Teklemariam, Wondwosen Kumilachew, Shimalis Dejene, Ayele Woldemeskel, Adanech Wakjira, Getachew Abichu, Baye Ashenafi, Nigatu Kebede, Aklilu Feleke Haile, Fufa Dawo Bari, Laura Del Sambro and Tadesse Eguale
Pathogens 2025, 14(1), 39; https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens14010039 - 7 Jan 2025
Viewed by 1100
Abstract
Anthrax is a zoonotic disease characterized by rapid onset with usual fatal outcomes in livestock and wildlife. In Ethiopia, anthrax is a persistent disease; however, there are limited data on the isolation and molecular characterization of Bacillus anthracis strains. This study aimed to [...] Read more.
Anthrax is a zoonotic disease characterized by rapid onset with usual fatal outcomes in livestock and wildlife. In Ethiopia, anthrax is a persistent disease; however, there are limited data on the isolation and molecular characterization of Bacillus anthracis strains. This study aimed to characterize B. anthracis isolated from animal anthrax outbreaks between 2019 and 2024, from different localities in Ethiopia. B. anthracis was identified using standard microbiology techniques and confirmed by real-time PCR. For the first time in Ethiopia, the genetic diversity of five Bacillus anthracis strains, isolated from dead cattle and goats, was investigated by Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS) and bioinformatics analyses. The five sequenced strains were compared to one Ethiopian B. anthracis genome and the other 29 B. anthracis genomes available in the global genetic databases to determine their phylogeny. The genomes of the strains were also analyzed to detect the presence of antimicrobial resistance and virulence genes. The whole genome SNP analysis showed that the Ethiopian B. anthracis strains were grouped in the A clade. Three strains (BA2, BA5, and BA6) belonged to the A.Br.034 subgroup (A.Br.005/006), and two strains (BA1 and BA4) belonged to the A.Br.161 (Heroin) clade of the Trans-Eurasian (TEA) group. The findings of this study will contribute to expanding the current understanding of the anthrax hotspots in Ethiopia, and the phylogenetic correlation and/or diversity of the circulating strains. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Current Research on Bacillus anthracis Infection)
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