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Pathogens
Special Issues
Emerging/Re-Emerging Viruses and Antiviral Drug Design
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Emerging/Re-Emerging Viruses and Antiviral Drug Design

A special issue of Pathogens (ISSN 2076-0817). This special issue belongs to the section "Viral Pathogens".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 November 2025 | Viewed by 1845

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Dongxiao Liu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Hyattsville, MD, USA
Interests: antiviral design; host-targeted antiviral; emerging pathogens
Dr. Zhiqing Zhang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Cancer Immunology & Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
Interests: antiviral design; host-targeted antiviral; emerging pathogens
Dr. Ishita Roy Chowdhury

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
VA-MD Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
Interests: low pathogenicity avian influenza
Dr. Pawel Zmora

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences, 61-704 Poznan, Poland
Interests: influenza A virus; emerging viruses; virus–host cell interactions; virus entry; antivirals
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The emergence and re-emergence of various viral diseases, including severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), Zika virus (ZIKV), and Dengue virus, as well as the prevalence of contagious viral diseases such as Enterovirus and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), pose significant threats to human health. This has led to an increased demand for innovative antiviral strategies.

The development of antiviral drugs primarily follows two strategies: virus-targeted antivirals (VTAs) and host-targeted antivirals (HTAs). On the one hand, VTAs target viral components, offering high specificity and minimal harm to the host. However, they may not immediately apply to emerging viruses and are prone to drug resistance issues due to long-term usage. On the other, HTAs target host factors essential for viral replication, providing advantages in overcoming drug resistance and effectively combating a wide range of viruses, including newly emerging ones. In recent years, extensive research has been conducted on discovering and developing HTAs. There are also several other potential HTAs in the pipelines in various stages of development for different viral infections.

This Special Issue of Pathogens highlights recent advances in fundamental and applied research related to antiviral design and development, either VTAs or HTAs, targeting a broad spectrum of viral infectious diseases, including but not limited to infections due to coronavirus, flaviviruses, and enteroviruses. These efforts will provide the basis for enhancing our capabilities to fight potential upcoming infectious diseases.

Dr. Dongxiao Liu
Dr. Zhiqing Zhang
Dr. Ishita Roy Chowdhury
Dr. Pawel Zmora
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Pathogens is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2200 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • emerging viruses
  • influenza viruses
  • coronavirus
  • flaviviruses
  • enteroviruses
  • antiviral design

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

15 pages, 1189 KiB  
Review
Epidemiology, Clinical Significance, and Diagnosis of Respiratory Viruses and Their Co-Infections in the Post-COVID Era
by Kaia M. Contes and Benjamin M. Liu
Pathogens 2025, 14(3), 262; https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens14030262 - 7 Mar 2025
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1438
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a novel human coronavirus, emerged in late 2019 and rapidly evolved into a pandemic around the world. The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has dramatically changed the epidemiology and seasonality of other traditional respiratory viruses, e.g., influenza, [...] Read more.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a novel human coronavirus, emerged in late 2019 and rapidly evolved into a pandemic around the world. The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has dramatically changed the epidemiology and seasonality of other traditional respiratory viruses, e.g., influenza, respiratory syncytial virus, enterovirus, etc. These traditional respiratory viruses have transmission mode and clinical symptoms similar to SARS-CoV-2 but may differ in clinical outcomes and management. Co-infection between SARS-CoV-2 and one or more traditional respiratory viruses have been reported in the literature but have shown mixed evidence in clinical outcomes. With SARS-CoV-2 evolving into mild Omicron variants, it is believed that SARS-CoV-2 co-circulates with other respiratory viruses, which in turn affect the epidemiology and clinical course of respiratory viral infections. In response to these changes, multiplex molecular tests for SARS-CoV-2 and one or more traditional respiratory viruses are attracting more attention in the field and have been developed into a variety of testing modalities. In this review, we describe the seasonality (i.e., in the Northern Hemisphere), epidemiology, and clinical significance of traditional respiratory viruses and their co-infection with SARS-CoV-2 in the post-COVID era. Furthermore, we review commonly used multiplex molecular tests and their applications for the detection of respiratory viruses and their co-infections. Altogether, this review not only sheds light on the epidemiology and clinical significance of respiratory viral infections and co-infections in the post-COVID era, and but also provides insights into the laboratory-based diagnoses of respiratory viral infections using multiplex molecular testing. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emerging/Re-Emerging Viruses and Antiviral Drug Design)
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