Viruses and the Nervous System in the 21st Century: Advances and Challenges

A special issue of Pathogens (ISSN 2076-0817). This special issue belongs to the section "Viral Pathogens".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 November 2023) | Viewed by 1566

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Center for Molecular Virology & Translational Neuroscience, Institute for Molecular Medicine & Infectious Disease, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19102, USA
Interests: innate immune signaling; microglia; astrocytes; macrophages; RNA virus; inflammation; organ-on-a-chip; mouse model
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues, 

More than 3,000 years ago an Egyptian stele depicted the severe consequences of a virus infection of the nervous system, now identified as polio. Among emerging viruses, at least 50% are associated with severe neurological clinical symptoms. The COVID-19 pandemic highlights the association between respiratory viruses and neurological symptoms, and moreover, our poor understanding on how peripheral responses to virus infections affect central nervous system (CNS) function. Viruses can affect the function of the nervous system directly through infection or by indirect mechanisms, inducing a broad range of acute and long-term sequelae. The recent, remarkable discovery of the brain’s glymphatic system has reshaped our understanding of the CNS, challenging the concept of its “immune privilege” nature. Moving forward, the prevention and effective treatment of viral infections and their associated neurological disorders is complex, and requires the crosstalk between diverse disciplines including neurovirology, neuroimmunology, neuroscience, ecology, epidemiology, and emerging “omics” approaches. 

In this Special Issue of Pathogens, we invite both original research articles and reviews that provide novel insights into the molecular biology, epidemiology, and pathogenesis of neurotropic and opportunistic viral infections of the nervous system. Potential topics include, but are not limited to:

  • acute and persistent virus infections of the CNS
  • impact of virus inflammation in the periphery in the CNS
  • therapeutic strategies: antivirals and neuroimmune modulators 
  • viruses associated with autoimmune disorders affecting the CNS
  • SARS-CoV-2 neurologic complications
  • epidemiology of neurotropic virus infections
  • virus-induced neurobehavioral studies
  • organoids and organs-on-a-chip to model neurotropic viral infections
  • neuro-omics

We look forward to your contribution.

Dr. Sonia Navas-Martin
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • neurovirology
  • neuroinmmunology
  • neuro-omics
  • organoids
  • organ-on-a-chip
  • mouse model

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

12 pages, 1049 KiB  
Article
Post-COVID-19 Syndrome in Neurology Patients: A Single Center Experience
by Elena Hegna, Valentino Rački, Mario Hero, Eliša Papić, Gloria Rožmarić, Klara Radović, Vita Komen, Marina Bralić, Marina Legac Škifić, David Bonifačić, Zoran Tomić, Olivio Perković and Vladimira Vuletić
Pathogens 2023, 12(6), 796; https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens12060796 - 02 Jun 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1187
Abstract
Our aim was to determine the frequency and characteristics of neurological post-COVID-19 syndrome and the diagnostic and therapeutic measures that were used for the treatment of these patients. Data were collected for 243 patients examined during the period of 11 May 2021 to [...] Read more.
Our aim was to determine the frequency and characteristics of neurological post-COVID-19 syndrome and the diagnostic and therapeutic measures that were used for the treatment of these patients. Data were collected for 243 patients examined during the period of 11 May 2021 to 22 June 2022. The inclusion criteria were COVID-19 illness and neurological symptoms associated with COVID-19. The exclusion criteria were non-neurological symptoms, patients who did not suffer from COVID-19, and symptoms that occurred after vaccination against the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Data for 227 patients with neurological post-COVID-19 symptoms were analyzed. Most patients presented with multiple symptoms, most often headache, cognitive impairment, loss of smell, paresthesia, fatigue, dizziness, and insomnia. Patients were most often referred for consultative examinations, neuroradiological imaging, and EEG. The therapy was mostly symptomatic. Most patients had no change in their symptoms on follow-up visits (53.21%), while positive outcome was found in 44.95% of patients. This study found that neurological post-COVID-19 syndrome appears to be more common in women, and generally, the most common symptoms are headache and cognitive impairment. The gender distribution of symptoms was clearly visible and should be further investigated. There is a need for longitudinal follow-up studies to better understand the disease dynamic. Full article
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