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Nanomaterials for Biosensor and Bioassay Applications

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A special issue of Nanomaterials (ISSN 2079-4991). This special issue belongs to the section "Nanoelectronics, Nanosensors and Devices".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 July 2022) | Viewed by 6882

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Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Ning Dai

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Guest Editor

Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200083, China
Interests: semiconductor nanomaterials; semiconductor low-dimensional structures; photo-electronic materials and devices

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Nanomaterials have the characteristics of a large specific surface area and good biocompatibility for biomolecules. Nanomaterial-based biosensors are an instrument that is sensitive to biological substances and converts their concentration into electrical signals for detection, having broad applications in many fields, such as environmental protection and medical diagnosis. During the past few years, there has been an increasing amount of research on the use of nanomaterials in diverse areas of biomedical research, including biological sensing, labeling, medical imaging, and therapy. The introduction of nanotechnology into medical diagnosis has led to a significant enhancement in the detection performance of biosensors and development of new biosensors. For instance, biomolecules are associated with field effect transistors (FET) to detect bacteria and viruses with extremely high sensitivity. Each nanomaterial has its own peculiarities, such as bioavailability, more or less important grafting capacity, etc. It is, therefore, essential to work on new types or the improvement of existing ones.

We invite you to submit a manuscript in the form of a review, full paper, or communication, with potential topics including (but not limited to):

Nanomaterial synthesis and functionalization for biomedical applications;
Innovative nanomaterials and nanocomposites for biomedical applications;
Innovative synthesis of nanomaterials for biomedical applications;
Biosensor fabrication and characterization;
Nanobioprobe for biomedical uses;
Thin film transistors (TFTs) and field effect transistors (FET) for biosensing;
Biochips for biomedical testing;
Biosafety of nanomaterials used for clinical therapy;
Other studies of nanomaterials for biosensor and bioassay applications.

Prof. Dr. Ning Dai
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nanomaterials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

biosensor
bioassay
nanomaterials for biomedical applications
biomolecules
biocompatibility
biomodification
nanobioprobe

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 3644 KiB

Open AccessArticle

An Endoscope-like SERS Probe Based on the Focusing Effect of Silica Nanospheres for Tyrosine and Urea Detection in Sweat

by Rongyuan Cai, Lijun Yin, Qian Huang, Ruiyun You, Shangyuan Feng and Yudong Lu

Nanomaterials 2022, 12(3), 421; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12030421 - 27 Jan 2022

Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2439

Abstract

In this work, we developed a new type of SERS probe, which was composed of glass-SiO₂-Au@MBN@Ag nanoparticles (NPs) three-dimensional Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) substrate. When the laser passed through the quartz glass sheet, on the one hand, the SiO₂ NPs supporting the Au@MBN@Ag NPs increase the roughness of the substrate surface, resulting in a large number of hot spots among nanoparticles. On the other hand, based on the focusing effect of silicon dioxide nanospheres, the laser can better focus on the surface of nanoparticles in the inverted SERS probe, thus showing better SERS enhancement. Furthermore, the Au@MBN@Ag NPs core-shell structure was used with 4-mercaptobenzoonitrile (MBN) as an internal standard molecule, and the quantitative determination of tyrosine and urea was realized by internal standard correction method. The standard working curves of the two had good linear correlation with R² above 0.9555. The detection limits of tyrosine and urea were in the range of 2.85 × 10⁻¹⁰ M~7.54 × 10⁻⁶ M, which confirms that this design can be used for quantitative and specific detection of biological molecules, demonstrating great practical significance for the research of diseases such as skin lesions and endocrine disorders. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanomaterials for Biosensor and Bioassay Applications)

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16 pages, 16933 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Comparative Study of Four Coloured Nanoparticle Labels in Lateral Flow Immunoassay

by Shyatesa C. Razo, Anastasiya I. Elovenkova, Irina V. Safenkova, Natalia V. Drenova, Yuri A. Varitsev, Anatoly V. Zherdev and Boris B. Dzantiev

Nanomaterials 2021, 11(12), 3277; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11123277 - 02 Dec 2021

Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2535

Abstract

The detection limit of lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) is largely determined by the properties of the label used. We compared four nanoparticle labels differing in their chemical composition and colour: (1) gold nanoparticles (Au NPs), red; (2) Au-core/Pt-shell nanoparticles (Au@Pt NPs), black; (3) latex nanoparticles (LPs), green; and (4) magnetic nanoparticles (MPs), brown. The comparison was carried out using one target analyte—Erwinia amylovora, the causal bacterial agent of fire blight. All nanoparticles were conjugated with antibodies through methods that provide maximum functional coverage like physical adsorption (Au NPs, Au@Pt NPs) and covalent bonding (LPs, MPs). All conjugates demonstrated the same ability to bind with E. amylovora through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay where optical properties of the nanoparticles do not determine the registered signal. However, half-maximal binding was achieved at different numbers of nanoparticles because they differ in size. All conjugates based on four nanoparticle labels were used for lateral flow assays. As a result, Au@Pt NPs provided the minimal detection limit that corresponded to 10³ CFU/mL. Au NPs and LPs detected 10⁴ CFU/mL, and MPs detected 10⁵ CFU/mL. The results highlight that simply choosing a coloured label can significantly affect the detection limit of LFIA. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanomaterials for Biosensor and Bioassay Applications)

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Review

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24 pages, 6098 KiB

Open AccessReview

Graphene-Based Electrochemical Sensors for Psychoactive Drugs

by Ramin Boroujerdi and Richard Paul

Nanomaterials 2022, 12(13), 2250; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12132250 - 30 Jun 2022

Cited by 13 | Viewed by 3008

Abstract

Sensors developed from nanomaterials are increasingly used in a variety of fields, from simple wearable or medical sensors to be used at home to monitor health, to more complicated sensors being used by border customs or aviation industries. In recent times, nanoparticle-based sensors have begun to revolutionize drug-detection techniques, mainly due to their affordability, ease of use and portability, compared to conventional chromatography techniques. Thin graphene layers provide a significantly high surface to weight ratio compared to other nanomaterials, a characteristic that has led to the design of more sensitive and reliable sensors. The exceptional properties of graphene coupled with its potential to be tuned to target specific molecules have made graphene-based sensors one of the most popular and well-researched sensing materials of the past two decades with applications in environmental monitoring, medical diagnostics, and industries. Here, we present a review of developments in the applications of graphene-based sensors in sensing drugs such as cocaine, morphine, methamphetamine, ketamine, tramadol and so forth in the past decade. We compare graphene sensors with other sensors developed from ultrathin two-dimensional materials, such as transition-metal dichalcogenides, hexagonal boron nitrate, and MXenes, to measure drugs directly and indirectly, in various samples. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanomaterials for Biosensor and Bioassay Applications)

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