Catalysis at the Nanoscale: Insights from Theory and Simulation

A special issue of Nanomaterials (ISSN 2079-4991). This special issue belongs to the section "Theory and Simulation of Nanostructures".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 25 November 2025 | Viewed by 431

Special Issue Editor

School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
Interests: computational catalysis; petrochemical catalysts; fuel cell
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Catalysis lies at the heart of sustainable energy conversion, environmental remediation, and chemical synthesis. At the nanoscale, catalytic processes exhibit unique behaviors governed by quantum effects, surface dynamics, and atomistic interactions, which challenge conventional experimental characterization. Advances in theoretical modeling and computational simulations have emerged as indispensable tools to unravel these complexities, offering mechanistic insights and predictive power for designing next-generation catalysts.

This Special Issue focuses on cutting-edge research at the intersection of nanoscience, catalysis, and computational methodologies. We invite contributions that explore topics such as (1) multiscale modeling of catalytic active sites, (2) machine learning-driven catalyst discovery, (3) reaction pathway analysis under realistic conditions, (4) dynamic evolution of nanostructures during catalysis, and (5) synergy between simulations and in situ/operando experiments. Submissions may address heterogeneous, homogeneous, or enzymatic systems, with an emphasis on energy-related applications.

By bridging theory and practice, this Special Issue aims to accelerate the rational design of efficient, selective, and stable nanocatalysts. We welcome original research articles, reviews, and perspectives that highlight breakthroughs in computational techniques, novel theoretical frameworks, or interdisciplinary approaches to decode nanoscale catalytic phenomena.

Dr. Houyu Zhu
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • nanoscale catalysis
  • theoretical modeling
  • computational chemistry
  • machine learning in catalysis
  • reaction mechanisms
  • multiscale simulation

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

13 pages, 2076 KiB  
Article
A Density Functional Theory-Based Particle Swarm Optimization Investigation of Metal Sulfide Phases for Ni-Based Catalysts
by Houyu Zhu, Xiaohan Li, Xiaoxin Zhang, Yucheng Fan, Xin Wang, Dongyuan Liu, Zhennan Liu, Xiaoxiao Gong, Wenyue Guo and Hao Ren
Nanomaterials 2025, 15(11), 788; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano15110788 - 23 May 2025
Viewed by 311
Abstract
Nickel (Ni) catalysts have numerous applications in the chemical industry, but they are susceptible to sulfurization, with their sulfurized structures and underlying formation mechanisms remaining unclear. Herein, density functional theory (DFT) combined with the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is employed to investigate [...] Read more.
Nickel (Ni) catalysts have numerous applications in the chemical industry, but they are susceptible to sulfurization, with their sulfurized structures and underlying formation mechanisms remaining unclear. Herein, density functional theory (DFT) combined with the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is employed to investigate the low-energy structures and formation mechanisms of sulfide phases on Ni(111) surfaces, especially under high-sulfur-coverage conditions where traditional DFT calculations fail to reach convergence. Using (3×3 ) Ni(111) slab models, we identify a sulfurization limit, finding that each pair of deposited sulfur atoms can sulfurize one layer of three Ni atoms at most (Ni:S = 3:2), with additional sulfur atoms penetrating deeper layers until saturation. Under typical reactive adsorption desulfurization conditions, the ab initio thermodynamics analysis indicates that Ni3S2 is the most stable sulfide phase, consistent with sulfur K-edge XANES data. Unsaturated phases, including Ni3S, Ni2S, and Ni9S5, represent intermediate states towards saturation, potentially explaining the diverse Ni sulfide compositions observed in experiments. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Catalysis at the Nanoscale: Insights from Theory and Simulation)
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