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Minerals
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Deformation, Diagenesis, and Reservoir in Fault Damage Zone
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Deformation, Diagenesis, and Reservoir in Fault Damage Zone

A special issue of Minerals (ISSN 2075-163X).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 26 March 2026 | Viewed by 4647

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Guanghui Wu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Geoscience and Technology, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China
Interests: subduction tectonic; fault analysis; fracture-diagenesis; fractured reservoir
Prof. Dr. Tongwen Jiang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
PetroChina Exploration and Production Company, Beijing 100007, China
Interests: fractured reservoir; reservoir description; reservoir exploitation
Dr. Xuefei Yang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Geoscience and Technology, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China
Interests: sedimentology; diagenesis; reservoir evaluation

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Fault damage zone, including the narrow fault core and wider damage zone, typically has complicated architecture and a profound impact on the mechanical, hydraulic, and petrophysical properties of the host rocks. There is also fluid activity within the fracture network. The complicated structural–diagenetic process in the fault damage zone significantly influences the architecture and subsequently heterogeneous reservoir along the fault zone. Therefore, geological, geophysical, and engineering technologies have been widely used to detect the architecture, deformation, and reservoir in the fault damage zone. However, there is still a big challenge in deciphering the interaction of the deformation and diagenesis processes, and their effects on the reservoir in the fault damage zone.

This Special Issue, “Deformation, Diagenesis, and Reservoir in Fault Damage Zone”, seeks high-quality works focusing on the latest novel advances in fault damage zones. This Special Issue includes, but is not limited to, the following:

  • Fracture networks and deformation, fluid–rock interaction, and diagenesis and reservoirs in carbonate fault damage zones.
  • The timing and evolution of deformation and diagenesis, interaction between fractures and diagenesis, and the process and evolution of fault damage zones.
  • Methods and technologies, and applications and case studies, in the description of fault damage zones and fractured reservoirs.

Prof. Dr. Guanghui Wu
Prof. Dr. Tongwen Jiang
Dr. Xuefei Yang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Minerals is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • fault zone
  • carbonate reservoir
  • deformation
  • fracture network
  • diagenesis
  • fracture–diagenesis interaction

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

25 pages, 13465 KB  
Article
Impact of Diagenesis on Microbial Carbonate Reservoirs in the Upper Indus Basin, NW Himalayas
by Ihsan Ullah, Muhammad Jamil, Hamad Ur Rahim, Imran Khan, Asad Ali, Muhammad Muzammil, Wahid Abbas, Muhammad Umar, Faisal Shah and Muhammad Usman
Minerals 2026, 16(1), 111; https://doi.org/10.3390/min16010111 - 21 Jan 2026
Viewed by 513
Abstract
Microbial carbonates are globally known petroleum reservoirs. However, the complex interplay between deposition and diagenesis significantly influences the pore network distribution in these microbial carbonate reservoirs. The present study aims to discuss diagenetic alterations in the Jurassic microbial carbonate successions from foreland basins [...] Read more.
Microbial carbonates are globally known petroleum reservoirs. However, the complex interplay between deposition and diagenesis significantly influences the pore network distribution in these microbial carbonate reservoirs. The present study aims to discuss diagenetic alterations in the Jurassic microbial carbonate successions from foreland basins in the NW Himalayas. Geological field observations, petrographic analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and isotopic analysis were applied to highlight the role of diagenesis in reservoir characterization of shallow marine carbonates. The results indicate that dolomitization, dissolution, and fracturing during the early to late phase of diagenesis enhanced the reservoir pore network. However, cementation, micritization, and mechanical compaction considerably reduced the reservoir pore distribution. Furthermore, fractures and stylolites that developed perpendicular to bedding planes indicate the role of convergent tectonics in developing the fracture network that allowed fluid migration and improved the pore spaces in microbial carbonate reservoirs. Isotopic data revealed shallow-burial diagenesis with marine and meteoric influx that provides avenues for the movement of fluids. These fluids are associated with microbial activity in carbonate rocks along the faults and fractures that were developed because of compressional tectonics, evident from the perpendicular fracture network. This study recommends the integration of deposition and diagenesis to refine the pore network distribution and characterization of carbonate reservoirs around the globe. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Deformation, Diagenesis, and Reservoir in Fault Damage Zone)
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16 pages, 18264 KB  
Article
The Strike–Slip Fault Effect on a Reef–Shoal Reservoir in the Northern Sichuan Basin
by Yinyu Wen, Guanghui Wu, Jiawei Liu, Xiaoxu Liu, Bing He, Chen Su and Youliang Yu
Minerals 2025, 15(12), 1284; https://doi.org/10.3390/min15121284 - 7 Dec 2025
Viewed by 278
Abstract
Understanding the influence of strike–slip faulting on deep carbonate reservoirs remains challenging. This study integrates core observations, well logging, and seismic interpretation to investigate fracture diagenesis and evaluate the impact of strike–slip faulting on Upper Permian reef–shoal reservoirs in the northern Sichuan Basin. [...] Read more.
Understanding the influence of strike–slip faulting on deep carbonate reservoirs remains challenging. This study integrates core observations, well logging, and seismic interpretation to investigate fracture diagenesis and evaluate the impact of strike–slip faulting on Upper Permian reef–shoal reservoirs in the northern Sichuan Basin. Within the platform margin reef–shoal microfacies, transtensional faulting during the Late Permian was later overprinted by transpressional deformation in the Early–Middle Triassic. Although individual fault displacements are generally less than 200 m, the associated damage zones may extend over 1000 m in width. Strong compaction and cementation eliminated most primary porosity in the reef–shoal carbonates, whereas dissolution enhanced porosity preferentially developed along fault damage zones. The most productive of fracture–vug reservoirs (“sweet spots”) are mainly distributed adjacent to strike–slip fault zones within the reef–shoal bodies. Reservoir quality is controlled by syn-sedimentary faults, moldic vugs, karstic argillaceous fills, and U-Pb ages of fracture cements that indicate multi-stage diagenesis. Contemporaneous fracturing and dissolution during the Late Permian played a dominant role in enhancing reservoir porosity, while burial-stage cementation had a detrimental effect. This case study demonstrates that even small-scale strike–slip faulting can significantly improve reservoir quality in deep tight reef–shoal carbonates. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Deformation, Diagenesis, and Reservoir in Fault Damage Zone)
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18 pages, 7968 KB  
Article
Stages and Evolution of Strike-Slip Faults of the Ultra-Deep-Burial Ordovician Strata in Fuman Oilfield, Tarim Basin: Evidence from U-Pb Geochronology of Siliceous Minerals
by Chao Yao, Zhanfeng Qiao, Xiao Luo, Tianfu Zhang, Bing Li, Shaoying Chang, Zhenyu Zhang and Jiajun Chen
Minerals 2025, 15(3), 270; https://doi.org/10.3390/min15030270 - 6 Mar 2025
Viewed by 1067
Abstract
Siliceous minerals with the property of resistance to diagenetic alteration precipitate during the migration of hydrothermal fluids through strike-slip faults and the interaction of these fluids with host rocks during fault activity. Based on petrological analyses and U-Pb dating of siliceous minerals, the [...] Read more.
Siliceous minerals with the property of resistance to diagenetic alteration precipitate during the migration of hydrothermal fluids through strike-slip faults and the interaction of these fluids with host rocks during fault activity. Based on petrological analyses and U-Pb dating of siliceous minerals, the stages of strike-slip faulting of the ultra-deep-burial Ordovician in the Fuman oilfield were subdivided and their evolutionary process was discussed in combination with seismic interpretation. The results reveal the following: (1) the strike-slip faults contain hydrothermal siliceous minerals, including cryptocrystalline silica, crystalline silica, and radial silica. (2) Based on the twelve U-Pb ages of siliceous minerals (ranging from 458 ± 78 Ma to 174 ± 35 Ma) and five U-Pb ages of calcite, the activity of the strike-slip faults was divided into six stages: the Middle Caledonian, Late Caledonian, Early Hercynian, Middle Hercynian, Late Hercynian, and Yanshanian, corresponding to twelve siliceous U-Pb ages ranging from 458 ± 78 Ma to 174 ± 35 Ma, and five calcitic U-Pb ages. The Late Caledonian and Early Hercynian were the main periods of strike-slip fault activity, while the Late Hercynian period marked the final period of the fault system. (3) Later-stage faults inherited and developed from pre-existing faults. Steep linear strike-slip faults formed during the Middle and Late Caledonian movements. During the Late Hercynian and Yanshanian movements, mid-shallow faults, branch faults, and shallow echelon faults developed on the foundation of these linear faults. The methods and results of this study can guide future hydrocarbon exploration in the Fuman oilfield and can be applied to areas with similar tectonic backgrounds. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Deformation, Diagenesis, and Reservoir in Fault Damage Zone)
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16 pages, 9604 KB  
Article
Differential Characteristics of Conjugate Strike-Slip Faults and Their Controls on Fracture-Cave Reservoirs in the Halahatang Area of the Northern Tarim Basin, NW China
by Shenglei Wang, Lixin Chen, Zhou Su, Hongqi Dong, Bingshan Ma, Bin Zhao, Zhendong Lu and Meng Zhang
Minerals 2024, 14(7), 688; https://doi.org/10.3390/min14070688 - 30 Jun 2024
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1645
Abstract
The X-type strike-slip fault system and weathering crust karst fracture-cave and channel reservoirs were developed in the Halahatang area of the northern Tarim Basin. However, the relationship between the reservoir and the strike-slip fault remains controversial. Based on the core data, and taking [...] Read more.
The X-type strike-slip fault system and weathering crust karst fracture-cave and channel reservoirs were developed in the Halahatang area of the northern Tarim Basin. However, the relationship between the reservoir and the strike-slip fault remains controversial. Based on the core data, and taking an NE-striking strike-slip fault as an example, this paper dissects the karst reservoir from wells along the strike-slip fault damage zone and analyzes the control of scales, properties, and segmentation styles of strike-slip faults on karst reservoirs. The results show that (1) the scale of the strike-slip fault controls the distribution of the reservoir—the wider the fault damage zone, the wider the fracture-cave reservoirs; (2) the transtensional segments of the strike-slip fault are more likely to produce karstification, and the buried-hill area and the interbedded area are controlled by different hydrodynamic conditions to form different types of karst reservoirs; (3) six different parts of the strike-slip fault are conducive to the formation scale of fault fracture zones. This research provides new insight into recognizing karst reservoirs within strike-slip fault damage zones, which can be further applied to predict karst reservoirs controlled by strike-slip faults. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Deformation, Diagenesis, and Reservoir in Fault Damage Zone)
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