Formation and Characteristics of Sediment-Hosted Ore Deposits

A special issue of Minerals (ISSN 2075-163X). This special issue belongs to the section "Mineral Deposits".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 27 February 2026 | Viewed by 472

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
School of Earth Sciences and Mineral Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China
Interests: micro-fabrics; paleo-stress field in ore deposits

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Guest Editor
School of the Environment, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
Interests: sedimentary geochemistry; diagenesis; basin analysis

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Guest Editor
School of Biological, Earth & Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
Interests: trace element geochemistry; ore deposit formation

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Research on sediment-hosted ore deposits is a global endeavor. Driven by increasing demand for copper, gold, and uranium, new deposits continue to be discovered annually. These sediment-hosted ore deposits, which may or may not originate from sedimentary processes, arise from a diversity of geological mechanisms, including hydrothermal or magmatic sources within layer-parallel shear zones.

This Special Issue is a testament to the power of interdisciplinary collaboration, presenting the latest advances in the study of sediment-hosted ore deposits. By combining the expertise of various fields—including mineralogy, petrology, structural geology, geochemistry, geochronology, geomorphology, and regional tectonics—we aim to unlock crucial insights into the formation and deformation mechanisms that create sediment-hosted ore deposits. This interdisciplinary approach enables a comparative analysis of temporal and geographic patterns in ore deposit formation on a global scale.

We invite submissions that include original scientific research relating to sediment-hosted deposits from established and newly identified localities worldwide. The Special Issue focuses on the following topics:

  • The geological background, occurrence, and genesis of sediment-hosted deposits;
  • The mineralogical, geochemical, spectroscopic, and microstructural characteristics of stratum layers;
  • Integrated methodologies for examining the provenance of sediment-hosted deposits as well as deposit identification and vectoring.

Dr. Hongyuan Zhang
Dr. William Defliese
Dr. Indrani Mukherjee
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • formation
  • deformation
  • ore deposits
  • characteristics
  • stress field
  • mineralization
  • sediment-hosted

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

17 pages, 6273 KB  
Article
Constraints on the Origin of Sulfur-Related Ore Deposits in NW Tarim Basin, China: Integration of Petrology and C-O-Sr-S Isotopic Geochemistry
by Shaofeng Dong, Yuhang Luo, Jun Han and Daizhao Chen
Minerals 2025, 15(12), 1265; https://doi.org/10.3390/min15121265 - 29 Nov 2025
Viewed by 292
Abstract
Many small-size ore deposits occur in the Lower Paleozoic strata along the ENE-trending imbricate thrust fault in NW Tarim Basin. Based on field investigations and petrographic examinations, sulfur-related deposits mainly occur within the paleo-karst cavities and are composed of elemental sulfur and anhydrite. [...] Read more.
Many small-size ore deposits occur in the Lower Paleozoic strata along the ENE-trending imbricate thrust fault in NW Tarim Basin. Based on field investigations and petrographic examinations, sulfur-related deposits mainly occur within the paleo-karst cavities and are composed of elemental sulfur and anhydrite. Elemental sulfur is extensively present, whereas anhydrite is limited to the Topulang area. The over-dispersed δ34S values (−25.2 to +7.4‰ VCDT) suggest that elemental sulfur and anhydrite typically originate from a multi-phase process involving bacterial sulfate reduction (BSR) superimposed stepwise sulfur disproportionation. The source of sulfate most likely derived from the subsurface Cambrian evaporites. The lower δ13C (−6.43 to −3.10‰ VPDB) and δ18O values (−13.49 to −10.30‰ VPDB) and the higher 87Sr/86Sr ratios (>0.7105) further suggest that the calcite cements precipitated from near surface aquifer with significant meteoric water influx and were associated with southeastward propagation since the Cenozoic in response to the remote effects of the India–Eurasia collision. This regional tectonic uplift and meteoric water influx created favorable anoxic environments (“sulfur springs”) for subsequent BSR and sulfur disproportionation along the Kepingtage overthrust fault front, resulting in the mineralization of sulfur-bearing species. This study provides a useful example for understanding the repeated processes of BSR and sulfur disproportionation for deep-buried evaporites associated with tectonic-driven mineralization within the Tarim Basin and elsewhere. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Formation and Characteristics of Sediment-Hosted Ore Deposits)
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