Mineralogy, Geochemistry and Geochronology of W-Sn Polymetallic Deposits, 2nd Edition

A special issue of Minerals (ISSN 2075-163X). This special issue belongs to the section "Mineral Deposits".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 November 2025 | Viewed by 119

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Key Laboratory of Metallogenic Prediction of Nonferrous Metals and Geological Environment Monitoring, Ministry of Education, School of Geosciences and Info-Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
Interests: W-Sn-Nb-Ta and Cu-Pb-Zn mineralization; vein-type Sb-Au; gold mineralization
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Guest Editor
State Key Laboratory for Mineral Deposits Research, School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
Interests: metallogeny of tin and tungsten; low U minerals (cassiterite, wolframite, calcite, garnet) LA-ICP-MS U-Pb dating and trace elements fingerprinting
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Key laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and Environments, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
Interests: geochemistry; Sn-W deposit; granites
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

W-Sn deposits provide numerous resources valuable and critical to the world. In 2022, we organized the first Special Issue on “Mineralogy, Geochemistry and Geochronology of W-Sn Polymetallic Deposits”, which received significant attention from many scholars. The recent progresses on W-Sn deposits call for further concentrated discussion on their mineralization processes. At present, the study of W-Sn deposits mainly focuses on two aspects. First, the genesis of highly differentiated granites, including the determination of major/trace elements, Sr-Nd isotopes of rocks, and Hf-O isotopes of related accessory minerals (such as zircon and apatite). These studies provide a good method for understanding the tectonic background of the deposits, sources, and evolutionary processes of magmas, ore-forming factors (such as redox environment, water content, sulfur fugacity, temperature, and pressure conditions), and the close relationship between magmas and ores. Second, with the development of in situ analysis, the texture, trace elements, and isotopes (e.g., W, Sn, Sr, Mo, and B) of a variety of metal minerals (e.g., scheelite, cassiterite, wolframite, molybdenite, and tourmaline) as well as gangue minerals (e.g., quartz and mica) related to W-Sn mineralization have been studied, providing insights that help reveal the multi-stage mineralization processes. This Special Issue will continue to focus on recent advances in W-Sn polymetallic deposits research, including but not limited to topics such as magma sources and the evolutionary processes of mineralization-related granites, in situ analysis of W- and Sn-bearing minerals, fluid exsolution and mineral precipitation processes, and the geochemistry/geochronology of typical W-Sn polymetallic deposits worldwide.

Prof. Dr. Huan Li
Dr. Rongqing Zhang
Dr. Jingya Cao
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • mineralization-related granite
  • scheelite
  • cassiterite
  • wolframite
  • in situ analysis
  • W-Sn deposits

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

28 pages, 11235 KiB  
Article
Petrogenesis, Tectonic Setting, and Metallogenic Constraints of Tin-Bearing Plutons in the Karamaili Granite Belt of Eastern Junggar, Xinjiang (NW China)
by Shuai Yuan, Qiwei Wang, Bowen Zhang, Xiaoping Gong and Chunmei Su
Minerals 2025, 15(7), 710; https://doi.org/10.3390/min15070710 - 3 Jul 2025
Abstract
The Karamaili Granite Belt (KGB) in the southern margin of the Eastern Junggar is the most important tin metallogenic belt in the southwestern Central Asian Orogenic Belt. The plutons in the western part have a close genetic relationship with tin mineralization. The zircon [...] Read more.
The Karamaili Granite Belt (KGB) in the southern margin of the Eastern Junggar is the most important tin metallogenic belt in the southwestern Central Asian Orogenic Belt. The plutons in the western part have a close genetic relationship with tin mineralization. The zircon U-Pb ages of the Kamusite, Laoyaquan, and Beilekuduke plutons are 315.1 ± 3.4 Ma, 313.6 ± 2.9 Ma, and 316.5 ± 4.6 Ma, respectively. The plutons have high silica (SiO2 = 75.53%–77.85%), potassium (K2O = 4.43%–5.42%), and alkalis (K2O + Na2O = 8.17%–8.90%) contents and low ferroan (Fe2O3T = 0.90%–1.48%), calcium, and magnesium contents and are classified as metaluminous–peraluminous, high-potassium, calc-alkaline iron granite. The rocks are enriched in Rb, Th, U, K, Pb, and Sn and strongly depleted in Ba, Sr, P, Eu, and Ti. They have strongly negative Eu anomalies (δEu = 0.01–0.05), 10,000 Ga/Al = 2.87–4.91 (>2.6), showing the geochemical characteristics of A-type granite. The zircon U/Pb ratios indicate that the above granites should be I- or A-type granite, which is generally formed under high-temperature (768–843 °C), low-pressure, and reducing magma conditions. The high Rb/Sr ratio (a mean of 48 > 1.2) and low K/Rb ratio (53.93–169.94) indicate that the tin-bearing plutons have undergone high differentiation. The positive whole-rock εNd(t) values (3.99–5.54) and the relatively young Nd T2DM model ages (616–455 Ma) suggest the magma is derived from partially melted juvenile crust, and the underplating of basic magma containing mantle materials that affected the source area. The results indicate the KGB was formed in the tectonic transition period in the late Carboniferous subduction post-collision environment. Orogenic compression influenced the tin-bearing plutons in the western part of the KGB, forming highly differentiated and reduced I, A-type transition granite. An extensional environment affected the plutons in the eastern sections, creating A-type granite with dark enclaves that suggest magma mixing with little evidence of tin mineralization. Full article
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