Petrological Evolution of Alkaline Igneous Complexes in Within-Plate and Subduction-Settings

A special issue of Minerals (ISSN 2075-163X). This special issue belongs to the section "Mineral Geochemistry and Geochronology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 January 2022) | Viewed by 6913

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Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, dell’Ambiente e delle Risorse (DiSTAR), Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant’Angelo, Via Cintia, 80126 Naples, Italy
Interests: igneous geochemistry; alkaline rocks; carbonatites; petrology; minerals; archaeometry

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue of Minerals aims to gather high-quality original research articles and reviews focused on understanding the origin, evolution, and environmental impacts of alkaline complexes. This project will aim to study the petrology, mineralogy, and geochemistry of intrusive, hypabyssal, and volcanic rocks with alkaline affinity in various tectonic settings (within-plate and subduction zones) to highlight mantle and low-pressure evolutionary processes and related enrichment processes that may produce mineral deposits.

The alkaline complexes cover a wide range of rocks, intrusive and effusive, from silica-oversaturated to silica-undersaturated types (e.g., kimberlites, kamafugites, nepheline–syenite, phonolite, and granites).

All of these kinds of rocks have received a large amount of attention from earth scientists because of their unusual geochemical characteristics and their being important economic sources of REEs, HFSEs, and/or diamonds in spite of their limited occurrence on the Earth’s surface.

We also encourage you to send us a short abstract outlining the purpose of the research and the principal results obtained, in order to verify at an early stage if the contribution you intend to submit fits with the objectives of the Special Issue.

Dr. Vincenza Guarino
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • alkaline rocks
  • mineralogy
  • geochemistry
  • petrogenesis
  • mineral deposits.

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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20 pages, 5036 KiB  
Article
Major, Trace, and Rare-Earth Element Geochemistry of Nb-V Rich Andradite-Schorlomite-Morimotoite Garnet from Ambadungar-Saidivasan Alkaline Carbonatite Complex, India: Implication for the Role of Hydrothermal Fluid-Induced Metasomatism
by Amiya K. Samal, Rajesh K. Srivastava and Dewashish Upadhyay
Minerals 2021, 11(7), 756; https://doi.org/10.3390/min11070756 - 13 Jul 2021
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 3317
Abstract
In situ major, trace and rare-earth element composition of Ti-rich garnets from Ambadungar-Saidivasan alkaline carbonatite complex (ASACC) are presented to constrain its likely genesis. The garnets are characterized by high andradite (42.7–57.3), schorolomite (22.0–31.0), and morimotoite (15.6–26.5) end members. No distinct chemical zonation [...] Read more.
In situ major, trace and rare-earth element composition of Ti-rich garnets from Ambadungar-Saidivasan alkaline carbonatite complex (ASACC) are presented to constrain its likely genesis. The garnets are characterized by high andradite (42.7–57.3), schorolomite (22.0–31.0), and morimotoite (15.6–26.5) end members. No distinct chemical zonation is noticed except for minor variations in Ti content. The garnets are enriched in LREE (average 731 ppm) and relatively depleted in HREE (average 186 ppm) and show an M-type first tetrad that leads to a convex upward pattern between Ce and Gd. Mildly positive to no Eu anomalies are observed (Eu/Eu* = 1.06–1.17). The REE patterns (LaN/YbN = 1.11–2.11) are similar to those of garnets from skarn deposits. The presence of tetrad effect in the LREE pattern suggests an active role of metasomatic processes involving hydrothermal fluids during the growth of the garnets. These garnets also contain high Nb (282–2283 ppm) and V (1083–2155 ppm) concentrations, which stand out against the composition of the host rock. Therefore, late-stage metasomatic reactions of earlier formed minerals with hydrothermal fluid enriched in Fe, Si, LREE, Nb, V, and Ti led to the formation of garnet. The primary source for these elements could be magnetite, ilmenite, and pyrochlore present in different varieties of carbonatites in the ASACC, with the required elements being released during their interaction with the hydrothermal fluid. The hydrothermal fluid was likely to be moderately acidic, and having fluoride and sulfate as the primary ligands. Full article
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Review

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30 pages, 3107 KiB  
Review
Agpaitic Alkaline Rocks in Southern Brazilian Platform: A Review
by Celso de Barros Gomes, Rogério Guitarrari Azzone, Gaston Eduardo Enrich Rojas, Vincenza Guarino and Excelso Ruberti
Minerals 2021, 11(9), 934; https://doi.org/10.3390/min11090934 - 27 Aug 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2595
Abstract
General information is presented on ten agpaitic occurrences located in southern Brazil and at the border between Brazil and Paraguay. All the Brazilian agpaitic rocks are Late Cretaceous in age, whereas the Paraguayan ones are older than Early Triassic. The most significant occurrence [...] Read more.
General information is presented on ten agpaitic occurrences located in southern Brazil and at the border between Brazil and Paraguay. All the Brazilian agpaitic rocks are Late Cretaceous in age, whereas the Paraguayan ones are older than Early Triassic. The most significant occurrence is Poços de Caldas, the largest alkaline massif in South America. In general, these agpaitic rocks contain mineral assemblages that indicate presence of typical halogen-bearing Na–Ca–HFSE phases, eudialyte-, rinkite- and wöhlerite-group minerals being the most frequent ones. However, these associations are indeed more complex in terms of composition, with accessory phases in some cases consisting of various minerals, including U–Th oxides/silicates, Nb oxides, REE–Sr–Ba bearing carbonates–fluorocarbonates–phosphates–silicates and Zr–Na rich silicates. They usually form late magmatic stage to hydrothermal/deuteric assemblages linked with coarse and fine-grained, mainly silica-undersaturated evolved rocks. Data also indicate significant differences in type, amount and composition of agpaitic minerals in all investigated occurrences. Full article
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