Surface and Interface Chemistry of Minerals

A special issue of Minerals (ISSN 2075-163X). This special issue belongs to the section "Crystallography and Physical Chemistry of Minerals & Nanominerals".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (25 July 2025) | Viewed by 760

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Minerals and Metals Characterisation and Separation Research Group, Department of Mining Engineering, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas y Matemáticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 2069, Chile
Interests: applied surface chemistry to mineral and element separation processes
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Minerals have long been a crucial source of valuable materials essential to the advancement of science and technology throughout human history. Today, they are not simply viewed as basic sources of elements; rather, they offer a wide range of applications and opportunities aimed at addressing quite complex challenges such as climate change or the treatment of waste products with challenging chemical compositions. This broad spectrum of uses demands a more precise interpretation of data from the processes that largely heterogeneous in nature. Unfortunately, the best interpretation and understanding of many processes remains elusive in numerous real-life cases, often due to limitations in various analytical techniques or difficulties tracking the critical characteristics or properties of reacting surfaces, which involve fast or slow chemical reactions influenced, or not, by physical conditions. Indeed, classic elemental and mineralogical analyses often fall short to of fully explaining the phenomena that occur at the mineral surfaces and interfaces. That is why, in many cases, chemical reactions are known as only oversimplified representations of the actual events that take place at these surfaces.

This Special Issue aims to explore the above topics in different mineral-related processes, including but not restricted to classic mineral processing and extractive metallurgy. Scientific contributions are going to be welcomed from across all disciplines that utilize minerals and mineral-like structures in different situations at any scale, highlighting the physicochemical characteristics and properties of the mineral surfaces and interfaces involved.

Dr. Gonzalo Montes Atenas
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • minerals chemical and electrochemical reactions
  • minerals surface properties
  • extractive metallurgy
  • minerals concentration and separation using surface/interface properties
  • theoretical modeling of surface minerals
  • analytical techniques applied to mineral systems

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

20 pages, 1132 KB  
Review
Improving the Processing of Copper–Arsenic-Bearing Ores: Enhancing Separation and Extraction Methods Through Mediator Insights—A Brief Review
by Gonzalo Montes-Atenas, Marco A. Alsina, Fernando Valenzuela, Juan L. Yarmuch and Carlos Basualto
Minerals 2025, 15(11), 1157; https://doi.org/10.3390/min15111157 - 1 Nov 2025
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Abstract
The presence of arsenic-bearing minerals in ores, notably enargite (Cu3AsS4), remains an unresolved issue for copper beneficiation processes, including those for porphyry copper deposits. In particular, several operational challenges remain for the selective flotation of [...] Read more.
The presence of arsenic-bearing minerals in ores, notably enargite (Cu3AsS4), remains an unresolved issue for copper beneficiation processes, including those for porphyry copper deposits. In particular, several operational challenges remain for the selective flotation of enargite from copper–sulphide ores, as well as the selective leaching of arsenic from enargite in copper concentrates. This study addresses these challenges from the standpoint of mediator science, where structures with specific elemental compositions observed by several authors at the surface of enargite and chalcopyrite, under different conditions and analytical techniques, are compiled and analysed. Most probable surface species, observed using technologies measuring the outmost surface layer and occurring onto the mentioned minerals, are identified and compared to species predicted by classic thermodynamic calculations. The results indicate that for chalcopyrite the major species formed in acidic conditions is elemental sulphur, while copper oxide and iron oxides and oxy-hydroxides species predominate with increasing pH. For the case of enargite, a similar situation is observed at low pH values, although slightly acidic conditions appear as a less examined condition for this mineral. Some of the observed species were found to be consistent with thermodynamic predictions, while others are notably absent. Particularly, for the case of enargite researchers have reported the formation of arsenic (III) oxide at pH values as high as 13, and observation not predicted by Pourbaix diagrams. Thus As2O3 could be considered a metastable species at highly alkaline conditions, which opens an option to beneficiation from froth flotation. Interestingly, at the same pH condition, iron oxide and oxyhydroxides species predominate at the surface of chalcopyrite. Therefore, applying the mediator concept, the initial alkaline flotation of sulphide ores turns into an oxide flotation case. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Surface and Interface Chemistry of Minerals)
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