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Linking Metamorphism with Orogenesis
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Linking Metamorphism with Orogenesis

A special issue of Minerals (ISSN 2075-163X). This special issue belongs to the section "Mineral Geochemistry and Geochronology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (28 July 2023) | Viewed by 7688

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Jianxin Zhang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100037, China
Interests: metamorphic petrology; structural geology; tectonics
Dr. Shengyao Yu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Key Lab of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Techniques, MOE, Institute for Advanced Ocean Study, College of Marine Geosciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
Interests: metamorphic petrology; geochemistry; geochronology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Orogenesis is a complex concept that refers not only to mountain building but also to the formation of continental crust and major orogenic structures. Regional metamorphic rocks, which occupy the orogenic core, and hence, are the most important element of an orogen, contain information that may be used to determine the tectonothermal evolution of the crust in orogenic systems. Through observations of modern active convergent plate margins and comparisons with ancient analogues, two types of orogenesis have been suggested: the oceanic subduction-related accretionary type and the continent–continent collision type. The former is characterized by low-T/high-P metamorphism along the subduction interface and high-T/low-P metamorphism in the overriding island (continent) arc. In contrast, collision-type orogenesis is characterized by the formation of high–ultrahigh-P metamorphism, and Barrovian-type metamorphism is related to continental subduction and collision.

This special Issue aims to contribute to existing knowledge of the links between metamorphism and different types of orogenesis, and to decipher tectonothermal evolution from subduction–accretion to collision in the continental orogenic belt.

Dr. Jianxin Zhang
Dr. Shengyao Yu
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • metamorphism
  • orogenesis
  • tectonothermal evolution
  • subduction
  • exhumation
  • collision

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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19 pages, 14099 KiB  
Article
Paleozoic Tectonothermal Evolution in the West Qinling Orogen, Central China: Petrological and Chronological Evidence from Garnet Amphibolites
by Qi Guo, Xiaohong Mao, Jianxin Zhang and Yawei Wu
Minerals 2023, 13(9), 1183; https://doi.org/10.3390/min13091183 - 8 Sep 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1113
Abstract
The Qinling Complex is located in the core of the northern Qinling Orogen and plays a key role in understanding the tectonic evolution of the Qinling Orogen, but its metamorphic evolution remains controversial. The combined investigation of petrographic observation, zircon U-Pb dating, and [...] Read more.
The Qinling Complex is located in the core of the northern Qinling Orogen and plays a key role in understanding the tectonic evolution of the Qinling Orogen, but its metamorphic evolution remains controversial. The combined investigation of petrographic observation, zircon U-Pb dating, and phase equilibria modeling for garnet amphibolites from the Tianshui area in the West Qinling Orogen is reported in this study. The results show that the garnet amphibolites record a clockwise P-T path characterized by a pre-TMax decompression heating stage, a temperature peak at P-T conditions of 0.84–0.99 GPa and 869–886 °C, followed by a decompression cooling stage. Zircon U-Pb dating yields four age populations of ~479 ± 4 Ma, ~451 ± 8 Ma, ~411 ± 4 Ma, and ~377 ± 6 Ma. The 479–450 Ma reflects the timing of the pre-TMax high–medium pressure upper amphibolite-facies metamorphism. The metamorphism at peak temperature condition occurred at c.411 Ma and was followed by decompression cooling to c.377 Ma. The Ordovician high–medium pressure metamorphism is related to the continental collision, which is slightly later than the HP–UHP eclogite-facies metamorphism in the East Qinling Orogen. The HT granulite-facies metamorphism at peak temperature condition took place at reduced pressures, suggesting thinning of the collision-thickened orogenic crust. Therefore, the northern West Qinling Orogen experienced a tectonothermal evolution from initial crust thickening to thinning during the Paleozoic collisional orogeny. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Linking Metamorphism with Orogenesis)
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26 pages, 4153 KiB  
Article
Strongly Peraluminous Highly Fractionated I-Type Granite from Bangong–Nujiang Metallogenic Belt, Tibet: Implications for Continental Evolution and Evaluation of Economic Potentiality
by Nan Wang, Zhibo Liu and Min Lei
Minerals 2023, 13(9), 1152; https://doi.org/10.3390/min13091152 - 30 Aug 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1439
Abstract
The research on highly fractionated granite has significant implications for both the evolution and compositional maturation of the continental crust and metallogenic exploration. As a means of further understanding crustal evolution and promoting ore exploration in the Bangong–Nujiang metallogenic belt (BNMB), we present [...] Read more.
The research on highly fractionated granite has significant implications for both the evolution and compositional maturation of the continental crust and metallogenic exploration. As a means of further understanding crustal evolution and promoting ore exploration in the Bangong–Nujiang metallogenic belt (BNMB), we present the petrography, zircon LA–ICP–MS U–Pb age, and Hf isotopic data, along with the whole-rock geochemical and Sr–Nd isotopic composition on Kese highly fractionated granite in the Baingoin area within the BNMB, central Tibet. The results show that Kese granite possesses a zircon U–Pb age of 127.8 ± 1.7 Ma and a relative enrichment in zircon Hf isotopic composition (−12.8~+0.3) with a two-stage Hf model age of 1.2~2.0 Ga. This granite belongs to the high-K calc-alkaline series, characterized by a strongly peraluminous feature, and is enriched in large-ion lithophile elements (LILEs) and Nd isotopes (−7.86~−7.74). The granite was likely to have been derived from the mixed melts derived from 40%~45% juvenile basaltic lower crust, 15%~20% ancient lower, and 40% middle–upper, following intense fractional crystallization processes involving amphibole, biotite, plagioclase, and some accessory minerals during the magma’s evolution. We infer that Kese highly fractionated granite can be formed from the continental collision of the Lhasa–Qiangtang terranes initiated before 128 Ma. The reworking of pre-existing juvenile and ancient crustal materials drove the composition of the northern Lhasa terrane to that of a mature continental crust. Moreover, the distinctive geochemical features have shown that the high degree of differentiation led to intense magmatic–hydrothermal interaction during the formation of Kese granite. A comparison of the geochemical characteristics of mineralized and barren granites suggests that the highly fractionated granites in Baingoin from the BNMB have a high economic potential and are suitable for preliminary exploration of Sn–W-(U) deposits. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Linking Metamorphism with Orogenesis)
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0 pages, 1755 KiB  
Article
Evolution of Contact Metamorphic Rocks in the Zhoukoudian Area: Evidence from Phase Equilibrium Modelling
by Jun Yan, Ying Cui and Xiaoyu Liu
Minerals 2023, 13(8), 1056; https://doi.org/10.3390/min13081056 - 10 Aug 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1773
Abstract
The Yanshan intraplate tectonic belt is a tectonic-active area in the central part of the North China Craton that has undergone long-term orogenic evolution. Detailed studies on magmatic activity and metamorphism of this belt are significant for restoring its orogenic thermal evolution process. [...] Read more.
The Yanshan intraplate tectonic belt is a tectonic-active area in the central part of the North China Craton that has undergone long-term orogenic evolution. Detailed studies on magmatic activity and metamorphism of this belt are significant for restoring its orogenic thermal evolution process. The Fangshan pluton in the Zhoukoudian area within this tectonic belt is a product of the late Mesozoic Yanshan event. However, there is a lack of detailed research on the metamorphic evolution history of the ancient terrane surrounding the Fangshan pluton subjected to contact thermal metamorphism. To further constrain the metamorphic P–T evolution of contact metamorphism associated with the Fangshan pluton, we collected rock samples in the andalusite–biotite contact metamorphic zone of the Fangshan pluton, and conducted petrographic investigations, geochemical and mineral composition analysis, and phase equilibrium modeling. The phase equilibrium modeling in the MnO–Na2O–CaO–K2O–FeO–MgO–Al2O3–SiO2–H2O–TiO2–O system indicates that the peak mineral assemblages of andalusite–biotite schists are pl + q + mu + bi + and ± kfs + ilm + mt, formed at 550 to 610 °C, 1 to 3.5 kbar, and the peak mineral assemblage of garnet–andalusite–cordierite–biotite schists is gt + pl + q + bi + and + cord + ilm + mt, formed at 580 to 620 °C, 1.5 to 2.1 kbar. Therefore, we believe that the rocks in the andalusite biotite contact metamorphic zone of the Fangshan pluton underwent low pressure and medium temperature metamorphism, with the peak metamorphic conditions of about 550–610 °C, <3.5 kbar. The results show that the rocks in contact with the thermal metamorphic zone were rapidly heated by the heat released by the Fangshan pluton, and after reaching the peak metamorphic temperature, they were cooled down simultaneously with the cooling of the rock mass, defined in a nearly isobaric P–T trajectory. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Linking Metamorphism with Orogenesis)
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25 pages, 20970 KiB  
Article
Tectonic Evolution of the Fawakhir Ophiolite, Central Eastern Desert of Egypt: Implications for Island Arc Amalgamation and Subduction Polarity during the Neoproterozoic
by Samar Yousef, Chang Whan Oh, Kenta Kawaguchi and Mohamed Abdelkareem
Minerals 2023, 13(8), 1022; https://doi.org/10.3390/min13081022 - 30 Jul 2023
Viewed by 1641
Abstract
The Fawakhir area consists of an ophiolite sequence surrounded by an ophiolitic mélange. In the mélange, serpentinized ultramafic rock, gabbro, gabbroic diorite, diabase, andesite, and basalt occur as tectonic blocks within the metasediments. The gabbro gives a zircon U–Pb age of ~816 Ma, [...] Read more.
The Fawakhir area consists of an ophiolite sequence surrounded by an ophiolitic mélange. In the mélange, serpentinized ultramafic rock, gabbro, gabbroic diorite, diabase, andesite, and basalt occur as tectonic blocks within the metasediments. The gabbro gives a zircon U–Pb age of ~816 Ma, and the trace element composition of the zircon suggests its generation under a continental-arc tectonic setting. The geochemistry of gabbro and other tectonic blocks in the ophiolitic mélange indicates their formation from a backarc basin in a continental island arc tectonic setting. The ophiolite sequence consists of serpentinized ultramafic rock, gabbro, and basaltic rocks and was intruded by felsic dikes. The gabbro from the ophiolite sequence and felsic dikes give zircon U–Pb ages of 742 Ma and 723 Ma, respectively. Trace elements composition of this zircon refers to their formation in a continental-arc tectonic setting. The geochemistry of rocks in the ophiolitic sequence indicates their formation in a forearc basin. Together with previous studies, this study suggests that the tectonic blocks in the mélange formed in a backarc during the early-stage northwards subduction event, which may have started at ~816 Ma or earlier. On the other hand, the rocks in the ophiolite sequence can be considered to have formed in a forearc by the later eastwards subduction event at ~742–723 Ma. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Linking Metamorphism with Orogenesis)
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Review

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23 pages, 10746 KiB  
Review
Tectonic Evolution of the JLJB, North China Craton, Revisited: Constraints from Metamorphism, Geochemistry and Geochronology of the Ji’an Group and Related Granites
by Erlin Zhu, Chenyue Liang, Changqing Zheng, Xuechun Xu and Yan Yang
Minerals 2023, 13(7), 835; https://doi.org/10.3390/min13070835 - 21 Jun 2023
Viewed by 1063
Abstract
The Jiao-Liao-Ji Belt (JLJB) is the most representative Paleoproterozoic orogenic belt in the North China Craton (NCC). The sedimentation, metamorphism and magmatism of the Ji’an Group and associated granites provide significant insights into the tectonic evolution of the JLJB. In this study, we [...] Read more.
The Jiao-Liao-Ji Belt (JLJB) is the most representative Paleoproterozoic orogenic belt in the North China Craton (NCC). The sedimentation, metamorphism and magmatism of the Ji’an Group and associated granites provide significant insights into the tectonic evolution of the JLJB. In this study, we have synthesized published geochemistry and geochronology data on metasedimentary, metavolcanic and igneous rocks. According to the available data, the protoliths of the metasedimentary rocks are sets of shale, wacke, arkose, quartz sandstone and carbonate, while the protoliths of the metavolcanic rocks are calc-alkaline basalt, basaltic andesite, andesite, dacite and rhyolite. The rock assemblages indicate a transformation of the tectonic environment from a passive margin to an active continental margin following the onset of plate convergence and subduction. The A2-type gneissic granite (Qianzhuogou pluton) is formed in a subsequent back-arc basin extension setting at 2.20–2.14 Ga. The Ji’an Group was finally deposited in an active continental margin during the closure of a back-arc basin at 2.14–2.0 Ga. Then, the sediments were involved in a continent–arc–continent collision between the Longgang and Nangrim blocks at ~1.95 Ga. This process was accompanied by HP granulite-facies metamorphism at ~1.90 Ga. The subsequent exhumation and regional extension resulted in decompression melting during 1.90–1.86 Ga, producing metamorphism with an isothermal decompression clockwise P–T path. The resulting metapelites are characterized by perthite + sillimanite, and mafic granulites are characterized by orthopyroxene + clinopyroxene. The S-type porphyritic granite (Shuangcha pluton) is formed during the crustal anatexis. Meanwhile, extensive anatexis produced significant heating and triggered prograde to peak metamorphism with an anticlockwise P–T path. Cordierite-bearing symplectites around the garnet in the metapelites indicate a superposed isobaric cooling metamorphism. The ages of monazites and anatectic zircons suggest that the post-exhumation cooling occurred at 1.86–1.80 Ga. The Paleoproterozoic magmatism, sedimentation and metamorphism suggest a process of subduction back-arc basin extension and closure, collision and exhumation for the tectonic evolution of the JLJB. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Linking Metamorphism with Orogenesis)
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