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Minerals
Special Issues
Mineral Processing Technologies of Low-Grade Ores
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Mineral Processing Technologies of Low-Grade Ores

A special issue of Minerals (ISSN 2075-163X). This special issue belongs to the section "Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (28 January 2025) | Viewed by 2430

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Carlos Hoffmann Sampaio

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Guest Editor
Departament d’Enginyeria Minera, Industrial i TIC (EMIT), Escola Politècnica Superior d'Enginyeria de Manresa (EPSEM), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), Av. Bases de Manresa 61–63, 08242 Manresa, Spain
Interests: mineral processing; gravity concentration; ore treatment; waste recycling; construction and demolition waste; jigging
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Josep Oliva

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Guest Editor
Departament d’Enginyeria Minera, Industrial i TIC, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Av. Bases de Manresa, 08242 Manresa, Spain
Interests: mineral processing; comminution; modeling
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The decrease in the exploitation of mineral grades around the world requires increasingly intensive mineral processing techniques. Therefore, the development of new technologies, processes, and equipment is necessary to achieve a sufficient level of metal content in concentrates, as well as reasonable mass recoveries, for their proper use.

This Special Issue aims to bring together relevant publications in the field of the mineral processing of ore deposits or residues of low grade.

Relevant publication topics for publication in this Special Issue include alternative techniques for concentrating low-grade minerals, such as the physical–chemical process of concentrating ultrafine minerals; intensive gravity concentration; and the recovery of metals present in residues, batteries, mining waste, etc.

Prof. Dr. Carlos Hoffmann Sampaio
Prof. Dr. Josep Oliva
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Minerals is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • mineral processing
  • low-grade minerals
  • gravity concentration
  • flotation

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Published Papers (2 papers)

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19 pages, 4401 KiB  
Article
Characterization and Processing of Low-Grade Middle Group 2 Chromite Ore by Gravity Shaking Table and a Comparative SLon Magnetic Separation: A Case Study
by Inga Sixhuta, Ashma Singh, Phathutshedzo Khangale, Reinout Meijboom and Mpfunzeni Raphulu
Minerals 2024, 14(12), 1201; https://doi.org/10.3390/min14121201 - 26 Nov 2024
Viewed by 1257
Abstract
Chromite is considered a strategic mineral in the global economy. It is mainly used as an essential raw material in the production of stainless steel and other metal alloys due to its corrosion and heat resistance properties. High-grade chromite resources are gradually depleting; [...] Read more.
Chromite is considered a strategic mineral in the global economy. It is mainly used as an essential raw material in the production of stainless steel and other metal alloys due to its corrosion and heat resistance properties. High-grade chromite resources are gradually depleting; with the increasing chromite demand in metallurgical applications, studies have focused on exploring low-grade and alternative chromite sources. This study proposes a cost-effective processing flowsheet for the low-grade middle group 2 (MG2) chromite layer, a poorly explored chromatite seam within the South African bushveld igneous complex (BIC). The study involved mineralogical characterization followed by gravity and magnetic separation of the low-grade MG2 ore at 18.18% Cr2O3. Characterization by XRD and Auto-SEM revealed that the ore mainly consists of pyroxene, chromite, and feldspar, with other minerals in trace quantities. The gravity separation test by shaking table upgraded the chromite (Cr2O3) to 42.0% at high chromite recoveries, whereas the laboratory Slon wet high-intensity magnetic separation method (SLon WHIMS) upgraded the chromite in the feed to 42.95% grade at lower chromite recoveries. Desliming the sample before the gravity and magnetic separation tests significantly improved the separation. The magnetic separation tests further demonstrated that chromite within the MG2 layer is sensitive to magnetic separation due to its high iron content. The adapted flowsheet is proposed as a cost-effective flowsheet for processing the low-grade MG2 layer. The flow sheet can be optimized by conducting the SLon WHIMS tests at high intensities followed by fine gravity tests by spiral circuits to maximize the chromite recovery while achieving commercial chromite grades and a Cr:Fe ratio greater than 1.5. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mineral Processing Technologies of Low-Grade Ores)
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Review

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31 pages, 7924 KiB  
Review
Techniques of Pre-Concentration by Sensor-Based Sorting and Froth Flotation Concentration Applied to Sulfide Ores—A Review
by Evandro Gomes dos Santos, Irineu Antonio Schadach de Brum and Weslei Monteiro Ambrós
Minerals 2025, 15(4), 350; https://doi.org/10.3390/min15040350 - 27 Mar 2025
Viewed by 517
Abstract
The use of pre-concentration and optimization of concentration methods have been the focus of the modern mineral industry. Sensor-based sorting equipment and flotation are key players in that movement. This study provides an overview of the main sensor-based sorting techniques and their uses, [...] Read more.
The use of pre-concentration and optimization of concentration methods have been the focus of the modern mineral industry. Sensor-based sorting equipment and flotation are key players in that movement. This study provides an overview of the main sensor-based sorting techniques and their uses, focusing on sulfides, addressing performance analysis methodologies, and giving the advantages and limitations of the method. An overview of the flotation technique is also presented, covering its basic principles of operation, as well as its main applications in sulfides, its interactions with pre-concentration, and some opportunities and perspectives on the method, such as water reuse impacts, tailing reprocessing, etc. Case studies are presented addressing the influence of the techniques on each other and some future prospects for the mining sector, such as deep-sea mining (DSM) and the use of artificial intelligence (AI). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mineral Processing Technologies of Low-Grade Ores)
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