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Microorganisms
Special Issues
Genetics, Genomics, Physiology and Biochemistry of Rhizobium
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Genetics, Genomics, Physiology and Biochemistry of Rhizobium

A special issue of Microorganisms (ISSN 2076-2607). This special issue belongs to the section "Plant Microbe Interactions".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 May 2022) | Viewed by 5749

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Ivan J Oresnik

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
Interests: rhizobium; plant-microbe interactions; carbon metabolism; microbial genetics and genomics; nitrogen fixation

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Rhizobia have long been studied because of their ability to interact with and form a symbiotic association with legumes. Studies have encompassed many different approaches and spanned a number of different species. This Special Issue aims to present research on any aspect of Rhizobia, either as a symbiont or as a free-living organism. The overall focus of the work should be on the microorganism.

Prof. Dr. Ivan J Oresnik
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Microorganisms is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • rhizobium
  • nitrogen fixation
  • plant-microbe interactions
  • nodulation

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 1036 KiB  
Article
Inability to Catabolize Rhamnose by Sinorhizobium meliloti Rm1021 Affects Competition for Nodule Occupancy
by Damien M. R. Rivers, Derek D. Kim and Ivan J. Oresnik
Microorganisms 2022, 10(4), 732; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10040732 - 29 Mar 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2318
Abstract
Rhizobium leguminosarum strains unable to grow on rhamnose as a sole carbon source are less competitive for nodule occupancy. To determine if the ability to use rhamnose as a sole carbon source affects competition for nodule occupancy in Sinorhizobium meliloti, Tn5 [...] Read more.
Rhizobium leguminosarum strains unable to grow on rhamnose as a sole carbon source are less competitive for nodule occupancy. To determine if the ability to use rhamnose as a sole carbon source affects competition for nodule occupancy in Sinorhizobium meliloti, Tn5 mutants unable to use rhamnose as a sole carbon source were isolated. S. meliloti mutations affecting rhamnose utilization were found in two operons syntenous to those of R. leguminosarum. Although the S. meliloti Tn5 mutants were complemented using an R. leguminosarum cosmid that contains the entire wild-type rhamnose catabolic locus, complementation did not occur if the cosmids carried Tn5 insertions within the locus. Through a series of heterologous complementation experiments, enzyme assays, gene fusion, and transport experiments, we show that the S. meliloti regulator, RhaR, is dominant to its R. leguminosarum counterpart. In addition, the data support the hypothesis that the R. leguminosarum kinase is capable of directly phosphorylating rhamnose and rhamnulose, whereas the S. meliloti kinase does not possess rhamnose kinase activity. In nodule competition assays, S. meliloti mutants incapable of rhamnose transport were shown to be less competitive than the wild-type and had a decreased ability to bind plant roots in the presence of rhamnose. The data suggests that rhamnose catabolism is a general determinant in competition for nodule occupancy that spans across rhizobial species. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Genetics, Genomics, Physiology and Biochemistry of Rhizobium)
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19 pages, 3861 KiB  
Article
Analysis of Ensifer aridi Mutants Affecting Regulation of Methionine, Trehalose, and Inositol Metabolisms Suggests a Role in Stress Adaptation and Symbiosis Development
by Meryem Belfquih, Abdelkarim Filali-Maltouf and Antoine Le Quéré
Microorganisms 2022, 10(2), 298; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10020298 - 26 Jan 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2637
Abstract
Isolated from desert, the nitrogen-fixing bacterium Ensifer aridi LMR001 is capable of survival under particularly harsh environmental conditions. To obtain insights in molecular mechanisms involved in stress adaptation, a recent study using RNAseq revealed that the RpoE2-mediated general stress response was activated under [...] Read more.
Isolated from desert, the nitrogen-fixing bacterium Ensifer aridi LMR001 is capable of survival under particularly harsh environmental conditions. To obtain insights in molecular mechanisms involved in stress adaptation, a recent study using RNAseq revealed that the RpoE2-mediated general stress response was activated under mild saline stress but appeared non-essential for the bacterium to thrive under stress and develop the symbiosis. Functions associated with the stress response included the metabolisms of trehalose, methionine, and inositol. To explore the roles of these metabolisms in stress adaptation and symbiosis development, and the possible regulatory mechanisms involved, mutants were generated notably in regulators and their transcriptions were studied in various mutant backgrounds. We found that mutations in regulatory genes nesR and sahR of the methionine cycle generating S-adenosylmethionine negatively impacted symbiosis, tolerance to salt, and motility in the presence of NaCl. When both regulators were mutated, an increased tolerance to detergent, oxidative, and acid stresses was found, suggesting a modification of the cell wall components which may explain these phenotypes and support a major role of the fine-tuning methylation for symbiosis and stress adaptation of the bacterium. In contrast, we also found that mutations in the predicted trehalose transport and utilization regulator ThuR and the trehalose phosphate phosphatase OtsB-encoding genes improved symbiosis and growth in liquid medium containing 0.4 M of NaCl of LMR001ΔotsB, suggesting that trehalose metabolism control and possibly trehalose-6 phosphate cellular status may be biotechnologically engineered for improved symbiosis under stress. Finally, transcriptional fusions of gfp to promoters of selected genes and expression studies in the various mutant backgrounds suggest complex regulatory interplay between inositol, methionine, and trehalose metabolic pathways. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Genetics, Genomics, Physiology and Biochemistry of Rhizobium)
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