Testing Strategies for SARS-CoV-2 Variants Surveillance: Epidemiological, Clinical and Future Implications

A special issue of Microorganisms (ISSN 2076-2607). This special issue belongs to the section "Virology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 November 2023) | Viewed by 1059

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Unit of Microbiology, Hospital Sacco of Milan, Milan, Italy
Interests: infectious diseases

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Since the worldwide emergence of COVID-19, the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has been characterized by subsequent waves of viral propagation sustained by different viral strains with peculiar transmissibility, disease severity, risk of death, and potential escape from the immune response. Indeed, the initial presence of a completely susceptible population to the virus and the high rate of the new daily infections worldwide allowed an escalating diversification of the viral strains, even after the massive vaccination campaigns, characterized by the emergence of several variants with different biological characteristics and peculiar appearance/disappearance dynamics.

The strategies for the surveillance of viral circulations have evolved, from pure epidemiological/research purposes during the first COVID-19 waves to a more precise and targeted goal, aiming to assess the risk of harbouring viral variants in different settings.

An in-depth evaluation of the strong SARS-CoV-2 variants testing efforts, put in place by the international scientific community, could lay the foundation for a future cost-effective surveillance program. Potential topics include, but are not limited to:

  • VOCs (Variant Of Concern)
  • VOIs (Variant of Interest)
  • Next Generation Sequencing (NGS)
  • Surveillance program
  • Mutational pattern

Dr. Valeria Micheli
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • SARS-CoV-2
  • VOCs (Variant of Concern)
  • whole genome sequencing
  • RT-PCR
  • mutations
  • surveillance

Published Papers (1 paper)

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13 pages, 5251 KiB  
Article
Routine Surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 Serostatus in Pediatrics Allows Monitoring of Humoral Response
by Felix Wachter, Ferdinand Knieling, Roman Raming, David Simon, Joachim Woelfle, André Hoerning, Antje Neubert, Manfred Rauh and Adrian P. Regensburger
Microorganisms 2023, 11(12), 2919; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11122919 - 04 Dec 2023
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Abstract
The occurrence of SARS-CoV-2 infections during the pandemic was mainly based on PCR testing of symptomatic patients. However, with new variants, vaccinations, and the changing of the clinical disease severity, knowledge about general immunity is elusive. For public health systems, timely knowledge of [...] Read more.
The occurrence of SARS-CoV-2 infections during the pandemic was mainly based on PCR testing of symptomatic patients. However, with new variants, vaccinations, and the changing of the clinical disease severity, knowledge about general immunity is elusive. For public health systems, timely knowledge of these conditions is essential, but it is particularly scarce for the pediatric population. Therefore, in this study, we wanted to investigate the spike and nucleocapsid seroprevalence in pediatric patients using routine residual blood tests collected during the pandemic. This prospective observational study was conducted over seven one-month periods. Herein, the latest four time periods (November 2021, January 2022, March 2022, and May 2022) are depicted. Each patient of a tertiary-care center in Germany was anonymized after collection of clinical diagnosis (ICD-10) and then routinely tested for the respective spike and nucleocapsid SARS-CoV-2 antibody titer. A total of 3235 blood samples from four time periods were included. Spike seroprevalence rose from 37.6% to 51.9% to 70.5% to 85.1% and nucleocapsid seroprevalence from 11.6% to 17.0% to 36.7% to 58.1% in May 2022. In detail, significant changes in seroprevalence between age groups but not between sex or diagnosis groups were found. Quantitative measures revealed rising spike and constant nucleocapsid antibody levels over the pandemic with a half-life of 102 days for spike and 45 days for nucleocapsid antibodies. Routine laboratory assessment of SARS-CoV-2 in residual blood specimens of pediatric hospitals enables monitoring of the seroprevalence and may allow inferences about general immunity in this cohort. Full article
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