Antimicrobial Resistance among Anaerobic Bacteria

A special issue of Microorganisms (ISSN 2076-2607). This special issue belongs to the section "Antimicrobial Agents and Resistance".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 January 2023) | Viewed by 2728

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Chałubińskiego 5, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland
Interests: anaerobic bacteria; Bacteroides spp.; herpesviruses; antiviral drugs; human respiratory infections; sexually transmitted infection; influenza; antibiotic resistance

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Co-Guest Editor
Department of Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
Interests: clostridioides difficile infection; co-morbidities; mortality; malignancy; outcome; risk factors

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Anaerobic bacteria are an integral component of the human microbiome. Many of these microorganisms are opportunistic pathogens responsible for endogenous infections, and can be isolated from a variety of clinical specimens. However, some species are absolutely pathogenic. Anaerobic bacteria are also isolated from the environment, e.g., hospital wastewater and sewage from wastewater treatment plants. In recent years, it has been shown that anaerobes are closely correlated with oral cancer and colorectal cancer. Another clinically and environmentally unfavorable feature is the ability of anaerobes to form biofilm. Antibiotic resistance of anaerobic bacteria is a growing public health concern worldwide. The currently unified standards in the assessment of bacterial susceptibility to antibiotics make it possible to compare the results of antibiogram tests of various centers around the world. This makes it possible to understand the scale of the problem, study the mechanisms of resistance, and monitor the sensitivity profiles of strains isolated from humans, animals and the environment, which may be sources of human resistance genes. So, it is logical to take a One Health approach when addressing antimicrobial resistance in relation to anaerobic bacteria.

In light of this, for this Special Issue, we invite you to contribute original research and review papers describing areas such as:

  1. The evolution of antibiotic resistance in anaerobes;
  2. The analysis of anaerobe isolates for antibiotic resistance levels;
  3. The antibiotic susceptibility profiles of anaerobic pathogens;
  4. The identification of antimicrobial resistance genes.

Dr. Anna Majewska
Prof. Dr. Hanna Pituch
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • anaerobes
  • anaerobic bacteria
  • antibiotics
  • antibiotic susceptibility testing
  • beta-lactam antibiotics
  • clinical isolates
  • metronidazole
  • nim genes
  • One Health
  • PCR
  • resistance genes
  • resistance mechanisms
  • sequencing

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

19 pages, 445 KiB  
Review
Recent Trends in Antimicrobial Resistance among Anaerobic Clinical Isolates
by Sophie Reissier, Malo Penven, François Guérin and Vincent Cattoir
Microorganisms 2023, 11(6), 1474; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11061474 - 01 Jun 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2347
Abstract
Anaerobic bacteria are normal inhabitants of the human commensal microbiota and play an important role in various human infections. Tedious and time-consuming, antibiotic susceptibility testing is not routinely performed in all clinical microbiology laboratories, despite the increase in antibiotic resistance among clinically relevant [...] Read more.
Anaerobic bacteria are normal inhabitants of the human commensal microbiota and play an important role in various human infections. Tedious and time-consuming, antibiotic susceptibility testing is not routinely performed in all clinical microbiology laboratories, despite the increase in antibiotic resistance among clinically relevant anaerobes since the 1990s. β-lactam and metronidazole are the key molecules in the management of anaerobic infections, to the detriment of clindamycin. β-lactam resistance is usually mediated by the production of β-lactamases. Metronidazole resistance remains uncommon, complex, and not fully elucidated, while metronidazole inactivation appears to be a key mechanism. The use of clindamycin, a broad-spectrum anti-anaerobic agent, is becoming problematic due to the increase in resistance rate in all anaerobic bacteria, mainly mediated by Erm-type rRNA methylases. Second-line anti-anaerobes are fluoroquinolones, tetracyclines, chloramphenicol, and linezolid. This review aims to describe the up-to-date evolution of antibiotic resistance, give an overview, and understand the main mechanisms of resistance in a wide range of anaerobes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antimicrobial Resistance among Anaerobic Bacteria)
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