Microbial Communities Responding to Emerging Contaminants in Wastewater Treatment

A special issue of Microorganisms (ISSN 2076-2607). This special issue belongs to the section "Environmental Microbiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 June 2026 | Viewed by 840

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
Interests: biodegradation; oil spill; plastics; emerging contaminants; marine ecology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

E-Mail Website1 Website2
Guest Editor
School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
Interests: biological wastewater treatment; synthetic biology; resource recovery; biological conversion
College of Environmental Science and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
Interests: wastewater treatment plant; microbial community; denitrification
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

At present, wastewater contains diverse emerging contaminants (e.g., plastics, antibiotics, flame retardants, and PFAS), and biological treatment still faces challenges in carbon and energy recovery. These make biological wastewater treatment pivot to a challenging position, that is, the biodegradation of emerging contaminants in a sustainable pathway. Microbial communities provide a micro-environment supporting microbial interactions for cooperation and/or competition to utilize these recalcitrant contaminants and accumulate carbon and energy resources (e.g., biomass and polymers).

In addition, environmental scenarios differing in global areas (e.g., fresh and high-saline wastewater in different temperatures) also shape microbial trajectories, complicating biological processes. The treatment processes may induce the bloom of virulent pathogens, disturbing the community stability for wastewater treatments.

This Special Issue aims to collect articles that provide current snapshots of the microbial communities in biological wastewater treatment. Original articles and reviews elucidating and addressing degradation mechanisms of emerging contaminants, the microbial communities’ responses in diverse environmental conditions, and the recovery of energy resources are welcome.

Prof. Dr. Yiqi Cao
Prof. Dr. Jiajie Xu
Dr. Qian Chen
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • biological wastewater treatment
  • emerging contaminants
  • environmental conditions
  • microbial community
  • community stability
  • resource recovery
  • sustainable development

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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25 pages, 2166 KB  
Systematic Review
Aging of Microplastics and Nanoplastics Induced by Advanced Oxidation Processes in Wastewater Treatment and Their Biological Toxicity: A Systematic Review
by Yuxia Li, Lijuan Feng, Shuguang Wang and Chao Song
Microorganisms 2026, 14(4), 812; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms14040812 - 2 Apr 2026
Viewed by 538
Abstract
Microplastics and nanoplastics (MNPs), as emerging contaminants, have garnered growing interest for their persistence and biological toxicity. Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are significant convergence points for MNPs, where they undergo complex aging, particularly during advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), leading to different environmental fate [...] Read more.
Microplastics and nanoplastics (MNPs), as emerging contaminants, have garnered growing interest for their persistence and biological toxicity. Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are significant convergence points for MNPs, where they undergo complex aging, particularly during advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), leading to different environmental fate and behavior. This study aims to discuss the aging of MNPs in wastewater treatment induced by AOPs and evaluate their biological risks. This review was conducted in accordance with the 2020 PRISMA guidelines. We searched three electronic databases—Scopus, Science Direct, and Web of Science—for relevant articles published between the year 2000 and March 2026. A total of 39 studies met the inclusion criteria and a narrative synthesis was conducted to summarize the findings. Risk of bias assessment was not performed, as this is a narrative systematic review without quantitative synthesis. The review protocol was registered in the OSF (registration DOI: 10.17605/OSF.IO/FTQHN). First, aging pathways and the alterations in the physicochemical properties of MNPs caused by aging are summarized, mainly including changes in surface morphology, crystallinity, and chemical composition, etc. Second, the aging mechanism of MNPs and the factors affecting the aging were discussed. Third, the biotoxicity of aged MNPs on both microorganisms and humans was reviewed, which is mainly due to three sources: plastic particles themselves, released chemicals, and the combination of plastics with coexisting pollutants. Furthermore, this review also criticized the limitations in current studies, the lack of comprehensive evaluation of multiple environmental factors and the identification of specific toxicity; it also provides suggestions for future research. This overview is meaningful for better understanding the environmental fate and risks of MNPs. Full article
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