The Diagnosis, Treatment, Prevention, and Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases in Livestock: A One Health Approach

A special issue of Microorganisms (ISSN 2076-2607). This special issue belongs to the section "Veterinary Microbiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 2 June 2026 | Viewed by 1391

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Veterinary Sciences, Center of Agricultural Sciences, Universidade Federal da Paraiba, Rodovia 079—Km 12, Areia 58397-000, PB, Brazil
Interests: animal health; clinical; epidemiology; pathology; toxicology
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Infectious diseases in livestock represent a persistent threat to animal health, food security, public health, and global trade. These diseases often result in significant economic losses and may serve as sources of zoonotic agents with pandemic potential. As the world faces increasing challenges, such as climate change, antimicrobial resistance, and the intensification of animal production systems, comprehensive strategies for diagnosing, preventing, and controlling infectious diseases have become more important than ever.

This Special Issue aims to bring together original research articles, reviews, short communications, and case reports addressing the diagnosis, treatment, prevention, and epidemiology of infectious diseases in livestock. The scope also includes contributions that highlight the One Health dimension of these diseases, considering the complex interconnection between humans, animals, and the environment.

Understanding the clinical aspects, pathogenesis, and associated pathological changes is crucial for to achieve accurate diagnosis and carry out targeted interventions and effective surveillance of infectious diseases in livestock. In parallel, the precise identification of infectious agents through classical microbiological methods, molecular diagnostics, metagenomic sequencing, and advanced proteomic techniques allows for a deeper understanding of microbial diversity and pathogenic potential. Furthermore, integrating epidemiological studies, preventive measures, and appropriate control and treatment strategies is essential to mitigate disease impact and reduce the development and spread of antimicrobial resistance within animal production systems. Climate change has notably altered ecological dynamics and expanded the range and seasonality of many pathogens and vectors, contributing to the emergence or reemergence of infectious diseases. The growing interface between domestic livestock and wildlife, as exemplified by outbreaks of avian influenza, underscores the importance of adopting a One Health approach to infectious disease surveillance and control.

We welcome contributions focused on (but not limited to) the following topics:

  • Molecular and conventional diagnostics for infectious agents in livestock;
  • Pathogenesis and pathological changes (gross and microscopic);
  • Epidemiological surveillance and outbreak investigations;
  • Vaccination strategies and therapeutic interventions;
  • Host–pathogen interactions and immune response;
  • Antimicrobial resistance in animal production systems;
  • Zoonotic pathogens and One Health implications;
  • Genomic and metagenomic tools for pathogen characterization;
  • Disease modeling and risk assessment in animal populations;
  • The impact of climate change and farming systems on infectious disease emergence.

This Special Issue will provide a timely and comprehensive overview of the current knowledge and innovations in the field. We look forward to receiving your contributions.

Prof. Ricardo Barbosa Lucena
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • infectious agents
  • pathogenesis
  • molecular diagnostics
  • proteomics
  • antimicrobial resistance
  • epidemiological surveillance
  • vaccines
  • therapeutic strategies
  • zoonoses

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

14 pages, 460 KB  
Article
First Isolation of Klebsiella pneumoniae from Septicaemic Piglets in Poland
by Piotr Cybulski, Ines Spiekermeier, Radosław Kondratiuk, Artur Jabłoński, Patryk Tarka and Grzegorz Woźniakowski
Microorganisms 2026, 14(1), 256; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms14010256 - 22 Jan 2026
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 942
Abstract
Klebsiella pneumoniae is commonly known to cause a vast range of community-acquired or nosocomial infections. The isolation of K. pneumoniae has also been noted in diseased food-producing animals, including swine. The main goals of this study were to document clinical manifestation of a [...] Read more.
Klebsiella pneumoniae is commonly known to cause a vast range of community-acquired or nosocomial infections. The isolation of K. pneumoniae has also been noted in diseased food-producing animals, including swine. The main goals of this study were to document clinical manifestation of a septicaemia outbreak in suckling piglets due to K. pneumoniae ST25 and provide molecular characterisation of the isolates. For the purpose of this investigation, 13 dead suckling piglets with cyanosis were selected. All the isolates obtained from affected lungs were susceptible to apramycin, ceftiofur, gentamycin, neomycin, and spectinomycin, presented intermediate susceptibility to florfenicol, and were resistant to other tested antibiotics. Histopathological examination of lungs, kidneys, and livers revealed lesions typical of septicaemia. MLST analysis of the isolates demonstrated a complex metabolic profile of the bacteria with genes attributable to the hypervirulent phenotype. To the best of our knowledge, we documented the first outbreak of K. pneumoniae septicaemia in suckling piglets reared in Poland. Full article
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