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Metrology
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Advances in Magnetic Measurements
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Advances in Magnetic Measurements

A special issue of Metrology (ISSN 2673-8244).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (25 March 2025) | Viewed by 3716

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Nicholas Sammut

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Microelectronics and Nanoelectronics, Faculty of Information and Communications Technology, University of Malta, MSD 2080 Msida, Malta
Interests: microelectronics; micro-electromechanical systems; accelerator technology; sensors; systems and interfacing; precision measurement; magnetic measurement
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The goal of this Special Issue is to provide a forum for colleagues to publish novel research results related to the techniques and equipment used to measure, model, characterise and fiducialise magnetic fields in a wide variety of applications.

This Special Issue aims to include fundamental and industrial research covering the following:

- Fundamental problems and challenges, magnetisation domains and processes.
- High-frequency and low-frequency magnetic measurements.
- Magnetic measurement concepts and techniques.
- Magnetic sensors and magnetic instruments.
- Modelling and measurement of magnetic properties of soft magnetic materials, including aspects of microstructures.
- Characterisation of permanent magnets and their measurements.
- Characterisation of electromagnets and their measurements.
- Characterisation of superconducting magnets and their measurements.
- Characterisation of novel magnetic structures and their measurements.
- Industrial magnetic measurements and testing, including magnetic standards.
- Bio-electromagnetic testing and non-destructive magnetic testing.
- Magnetic sensors.
- Magnetic metrology.
- Magnetostriction, magnetocaloric and anisotropy measurement.
- Modelling of magnetic material behaviours (characteristics under scalar and/or vectorial magnetic excitations, including harmonics and DC offsets, hysteresis and power losses, coupled phenomena, etc.)
- Relevance to applications in electromagnetic devices (transformers, motors, etc.)
- Magnetic measurements for big science subsystems, including accelerator magnets and insertion devices.
- Any other relevant topics.

Dr. Nicholas Sammut
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Metrology is an international peer-reviewed open access quarterly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1000 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

28 pages, 5695 KiB  
Article
Comparison of Magnetic Field Maps by Direct Measurement and Reconstruction Using Boundary Element Methods
by Alexander Hinton, Alexander Bainbridge and Olli Tarvainen
Metrology 2025, 5(2), 28; https://doi.org/10.3390/metrology5020028 - 13 May 2025
Viewed by 163
Abstract
Boundary Element Methods (BEMs) can be applied to determine the value of the magnetic field at any point within a domain if the magnetic field components are measured on the surface of the domain. For large magnetic volumes, BEMs provide an attractive alternative [...] Read more.
Boundary Element Methods (BEMs) can be applied to determine the value of the magnetic field at any point within a domain if the magnetic field components are measured on the surface of the domain. For large magnetic volumes, BEMs provide an attractive alternative to fine three-dimensional Hall probe scans for determining the local shape of the field as the fields can be evaluated inside the volume with an arbitrary position and with a reduced measurement time. BEMs have been applied to the field data measured on the boundary of three-dimensional Hall probe scans for two example magnets, which have been measured at STFC Daresbury Laboratory, UK. The fields reconstructed using BEMs are compared to the fields directly measured during the Hall probe scans. The reconstructed fields can be calculated to within 1 mT rms of the directly measured fields. For the transverse field components greater than 1 mT, the fields can be reconstructed to within 5% rms of the directly measured fields. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Magnetic Measurements)
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14 pages, 3331 KiB  
Article
Portable Magnetic Field Mapping Measurement System Based on Large-Scale Dipole Magnets in HIAF
by Xiang Zhang, Zidi Wu, Li’an Jin, Jing Yang, Xianjin Ou, Dongsheng Ni, Yue Cheng, Lixia Zhao, Yujin Tong, Weigang Dong, Beimin Wu, Guohong Li and Qinggao Yao
Metrology 2025, 5(2), 22; https://doi.org/10.3390/metrology5020022 - 14 Apr 2025
Viewed by 214
Abstract
The High-Intensity Heavy-Ion Accelerator Facility (HIAF) is a significant national science and technology infrastructure project, constructed by the Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (IMP, CAS). It is designed to provide intense proton, heavy ion beams, and target-produced radioactive ion beams [...] Read more.
The High-Intensity Heavy-Ion Accelerator Facility (HIAF) is a significant national science and technology infrastructure project, constructed by the Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (IMP, CAS). It is designed to provide intense proton, heavy ion beams, and target-produced radioactive ion beams for nuclear physics and related research. Large-aperture, high-precision, room-temperature, and superconducting dipole magnets are extensively used to achieve high-intensity beams. However, for large-scale magnets (particularly superconducting magnets), the traditional Hall probe mapping measurement platform encounters several limitations: a long preparation time, high cost, low testing efficiency, and positional inaccuracies caused by repeated magnet disassembly. This paper presents a new magnetic field mapping measurement system incorporating ultrasonic motors operable in strong magnetic fields (≥7 T), enabling portable, highly efficient, and high-precision magnetic field measurements. After system integration and commissioning, the prototype dipole magnet for the high-precision spectrometer ring (SRing) was measured. The measurement system demonstrated superior accuracy and efficiency compared with traditional Hall probe mapping systems. On this basis, the magnetic field distribution and integral excitation curve of all 11 warm-iron superconducting dipole magnets and 3 anti-irradiation dipole magnets in the HIAF fragment separator (HFRS) were measured. Each magnet took less than 1 day to measure, and all magnetic field measurement results met the physical specifications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Magnetic Measurements)
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16 pages, 12918 KiB  
Article
Measurement and Simulation of Demagnetization in a Prototype Halbach Array Quadrupole
by Alexander Bainbridge, Alexander Hinton, Clive Hill, Thomas Smith, Ben Pine and Neil Thompson
Metrology 2025, 5(1), 15; https://doi.org/10.3390/metrology5010015 - 3 Mar 2025
Viewed by 708
Abstract
We present the design, construction, measurement, and troubleshooting of a prototype hybrid Halbach quadrupole magnet. This magnet was significantly under-strength due to local demagnetization in the permanent magnet material. We discuss how this effect was uncovered, how it was verified by performing Hall [...] Read more.
We present the design, construction, measurement, and troubleshooting of a prototype hybrid Halbach quadrupole magnet. This magnet was significantly under-strength due to local demagnetization in the permanent magnet material. We discuss how this effect was uncovered, how it was verified by performing Hall probe measurements of the individual magnet blocks, and how the effect was reconstructed in simulations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Magnetic Measurements)
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11 pages, 8371 KiB  
Article
In Situ Visualization of Inhomogeneities in the Magnetic Properties of Permanent Magnets
by Maximilian Lanz, Gerhard Martinek, Gerhard Schneider and Dagmar Goll
Metrology 2024, 4(3), 506-516; https://doi.org/10.3390/metrology4030031 - 22 Sep 2024
Viewed by 1499
Abstract
Irreversible demagnetization processes in high-performance Fe-Nd-B magnets were investigated using a novel test rig. Designed to capture local magnetic field distributions and integral average magnetization in situ, the rig operates under field and temperature conditions similar to those found in electric motors. Validation [...] Read more.
Irreversible demagnetization processes in high-performance Fe-Nd-B magnets were investigated using a novel test rig. Designed to capture local magnetic field distributions and integral average magnetization in situ, the rig operates under field and temperature conditions similar to those found in electric motors. Validation against established techniques such as the hysteresisgraph and Hall mapper confirmed its accuracy. Furthermore, we observed the ability to detect even small variations of less than 2.5% in coercive field strength across the sample volume using field scans. The system significantly reduces measurement times from days to hours, enabling efficient in situ detection of magnetic field distributions during the whole demagnetization process. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Magnetic Measurements)
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