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Metabolites
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Sport Physiology and Health Metabolism
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Sport Physiology and Health Metabolism

A special issue of Metabolites (ISSN 2218-1989). This special issue belongs to the section "Cell Metabolism".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 December 2022) | Viewed by 12165

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Åsa B. Tornberg

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Health Sciences, Lund University, Bara vägen 3., SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
Interests: diabetes; cerebral palsy; children exercise; physiology; physical activity; nutrition; physiotherapy; athletic performance; sport physiology; sport biomechanics

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

According to the Worlds Health Organization (WHO) new recommendations on physical activity in adults, regardless living with disability or not, are to performe aerobic physical activity 150-300 minutes at a moderat-intensity or 75-150 minutes at vigorous-intensity per week. Additionally, muscle-strengthening physical activities at moderat- or greater intensity involving major mucle group should be performed on two days per week. Upper limits of exercise dose, the need of recovery between exercise sessions and the combination of different exercise modalites in health are not well understud and need to be further studied.

This special issue will address physiological health effects related to aerobic and muscle-strengthening physical activity and exercise training, regardless of living with disability or not, and how to assess these effects in a valid and reliable way.

Immidiet and additive changes from baseline to after an exercise intervention in health-related molecular biomarkers in the following categories: Neural growth factors: as BDNF, VEGF and NRF; IGF-axis: GH, IGF-1 and IGFBP-3; HPA-axis: ACTH, Cortisol, Adrenalin and Noradrenalin; Inflammatory makers: as CRP, TNF-α and IL-6 or other markers and, Metabolism; insulin sensitivity, glucose and free fatty acid metabolism would be of interest. Additionally biomarkers of changes in energy consumption, metabolic flexibility, and aerobic capacity e.g., endurance capacity, exercise capacity, maximal load, and VO2 peak, and additionally, physical activity would also be of interest.

This research topic seeks a broad range of original research articles, systematic review articles and meta-analyses in the area.

Dr. Åsa B. Tornberg
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Metabolites is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • aerobic physical activity
  • muscle-strengthening physical activity
  • exercise
  • assessment method
  • intervention methods
  • prescribing exercise
  • prescribing physical activity

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 1657 KiB  
Article
The Impact of Different Intensities of Physical Activity on Serum Urate and Gout: A Mendelian Randomization Study
by Tangxun Yang, Shilin Bi, Xing Zhang, Mingyue Yin, Siyuan Feng and Hansen Li
Metabolites 2024, 14(1), 66; https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo14010066 - 19 Jan 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1375
Abstract
Physical activity is a potential protective factor against gout, but the role of exercise intensity in this context remains unclear. To overcome the limitations of observational studies in causal inference, this study employed a two-sample Mendelian randomization approach to explore the impact of [...] Read more.
Physical activity is a potential protective factor against gout, but the role of exercise intensity in this context remains unclear. To overcome the limitations of observational studies in causal inference, this study employed a two-sample Mendelian randomization approach to explore the impact of different genetically proxied/predicted intensities of physical activity on serum urate concentration and the incidence of gout. Our data related to physical activity, serum urate, and gout were obtained from the UK Biobank, the Global Urate Genetics Consortium (GUGC), and the FinnGen dataset, respectively. Walking was included as representative of typical low-intensity physical activity in the analysis, and the other two types were moderate and vigorous physical activities. The estimation methods we used included the inverse-variance-weighted (IVW) method, MR-Egger regression, weighted-median method, simple-mode method, and weighted-mode method. Sensitivity analyses involved Rucker’s framework, Cochran’s Q test, funnel plots, MR-PRESSO outlier correction, and leave-one-out analysis. We found suggestive evidence from the inverse-variance-weighted method that moderate physical activity was a potential factor in reducing the incidence of gout (OR = 0.628, p = 0.034), and this association became more substantial in our subsequent sensitivity analysis (OR = 0.555, p = 0.006). However, we observed no distinctive effects of physical activity on serum urate concentration. In conclusion, our study supports some findings from observational studies and emphasizes the preventive role of moderate physical activity against gout. Given the limitations of the existing datasets, we call for future reexamination and expansion of our findings using new GWAS data. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sport Physiology and Health Metabolism)
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15 pages, 1636 KiB  
Article
Oxygen Uptake Kinetics and Time Limit at Maximal Aerobic Workload in Tethered Swimming
by Danilo A. Massini, Mário C. Espada, Anderson G. Macedo, Fernando J. Santos, Eliane A. Castro, Cátia C. Ferreira, Ricardo A. M. Robalo, Amândio A. P. Dias, Tiago A. F. Almeida and Dalton M. Pessôa Filho
Metabolites 2023, 13(7), 773; https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo13070773 - 21 Jun 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 891
Abstract
This study aimed to apply an incremental tethered swimming test (ITT) with workloads (WL) based on individual rates of front crawl mean tethered force (Fmean) for the identification of the upper boundary of heavy exercise (by means of respiratory compensation point, RCP), and [...] Read more.
This study aimed to apply an incremental tethered swimming test (ITT) with workloads (WL) based on individual rates of front crawl mean tethered force (Fmean) for the identification of the upper boundary of heavy exercise (by means of respiratory compensation point, RCP), and therefore to describe oxygen uptake kinetics (VO2k) and time limit (tLim) responses to WL corresponding to peak oxygen uptake (WLVO2peak). Sixteen swimmers of both sexes (17.6 ± 3.8 years old, 175.8 ± 9.2 cm, and 68.5 ± 10.6 kg) performed the ITT until exhaustion, attached to a weight-bearing pulley–rope system for the measurements of gas exchange threshold (GET), RCP, and VO2peak. The WL was increased by 5% from 30 to 70% of Fmean at every minute, with Fmean being measured by a load cell attached to the swimmers during an all-out 30 s front crawl bout. The pulmonary gas exchange was sampled breath by breath, and the mathematical description of VO2k used a first-order exponential with time delay (TD) on the average of two rest-to-work transitions at WLVO2peak. The mean VO2peak approached 50.2 ± 6.2 mL·kg−1·min−1 and GET and RCP attained (respectively) 67.4 ± 7.3% and 87.4 ± 3.4% VO2peak. The average tLim was 329.5 ± 63.6 s for both sexes, and all swimmers attained VO2peak (100.4 ± 3.8%) when considering the primary response of VO2 (A1′ = 91.8 ± 6.7%VO2peak) associated with the VO2 slow component (SC) of 10.7 ± 6.7% of end-exercise VO2, with time constants of 24.4 ± 9.8 s for A1′ and 149.3 ± 29.1 s for SC. Negative correlations were observed for tLim to VO2peak, WLVO2peak, GET, RCP, and EEVO2 (r = −0.55, −0.59, −0.58, −0.53, and −0.50). Thus, the VO2k during tethered swimming at WLVO2peak reproduced the physiological responses corresponding to a severe domain. The findings also demonstrated that tLim was inversely related to aerobic conditioning indexes and to the ability to adjust oxidative metabolism to match target VO2 demand during exercise. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sport Physiology and Health Metabolism)
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12 pages, 998 KiB  
Article
Revised Harris–Benedict Equation: New Human Resting Metabolic Rate Equation
by Eleni Pavlidou, Sousana K. Papadopoulou, Kyriakos Seroglou and Constantinos Giaginis
Metabolites 2023, 13(2), 189; https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo13020189 - 28 Jan 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 9258
Abstract
This paper contains a revision of the Harris–Benedict equations through the development and validation of new equations for the estimation of resting metabolic rate (RMR) in normal, overweight, and obese adult subjects, taking into account the same anthropometric parameters. A total of 722 [...] Read more.
This paper contains a revision of the Harris–Benedict equations through the development and validation of new equations for the estimation of resting metabolic rate (RMR) in normal, overweight, and obese adult subjects, taking into account the same anthropometric parameters. A total of 722 adult Caucasian subjects were enrolled in this analysis. After taking a detailed medical history, the study enrolled non-hospitalized subjects with medically and nutritionally controlled diseases such as diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, and thyroid disease, excluding subjects with active infections and pregnant or lactating women. Measurement of somatometric characteristics and indirect calorimetry were performed. The values obtained from RMR measurement were compared with the values of the new equations and the Harris–Benedict, Mifflin–St Jeor, FAO/WHO/UNU, and Owen equations. New predictive RMR equations were developed using age, body weight, height, and sex parameters. RMR males: (9.65 × weight in kg) + (573 × height in m) − (5.08 × age in years) + 260; RMR females: (7.38 × weight in kg) + (607 × height in m) − (2.31 × age in years) + 43; RMR males: (4.38 × weight in pounds) + (14.55 × height in inches) − (5.08 × age in years) + 260; RMR females: (3.35 × weight in pounds) + (15.42 × height in inches) − (2.31 × age in years) + 43. The accuracy of the new equations was tested in the test group in both groups, in accordance with the resting metabolic rate measurements. The new equations showed more accurate results than the other equations, with the equation for men (R-squared: 0.95) showing better prediction than the equation for women (R-squared: 0.86). The new equations showed good accuracy at both group and individual levels, and better reliability compared to other equations using the same anthropometric variables as predictors of RMR. The new equations were created under modern obesogenic conditions, and do not exclude individuals with regulated (dietary or pharmacological) Westernized diseases (e.g., cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and thyroid disease). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sport Physiology and Health Metabolism)
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