Marine Extremophiles: Adaptations and Biotechnological Applications

A special issue of Marine Drugs (ISSN 1660-3397). This special issue belongs to the section "Marine Biotechnology Related to Drug Discovery or Production".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 May 2025 | Viewed by 1630

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy
Interests: molecular adaptation; antartica; microorganisms; biomaterials

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The demand for innovative and bioactive molecules is constantly increasing, due to worldwide efforts aiming to replace petroleum-based products and to decrease the environmental impact of synthetic compound production.

Marine extremophiles can thrive in environments that were once thought to be inhospitable, from deep-sea hydrothermal vents to the frozen expanses of Antarctica, overcoming extreme values of salinity, temperature, and pH. To survive, extremophiles adopted strategies that include the production of different compounds, including biofilms, pigments, or antibiotics.

The focus of this Special Issue will be to highlight the potential of marine extremophiles to provide natural products as a result of adaptation strategies that can be exploited in biotechnology. The application of innovative and multidisciplinary approaches is encouraged.

We invite academic and industry scientists to submit reviews and original research articles highlighting the contribution of marine extremophiles to discover novel marine compounds and to understand the mechanisms of environmental adaptation.

Dr. Sandra Pucciarelli
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • bioactive molecules
  • extremozymes
  • polar regions
  • extremophiles
  • biomaterials

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

20 pages, 3238 KiB  
Article
Advanced Strategies for Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) Production: PHA Synthase Homologous Overexpression in the Extremophile Haloferax mediterranei
by Alexandra Simica, Yolanda Segovia, Alicia Navarro-Sempere, Rosa María Martínez-Espinosa and Carmen Pire
Mar. Drugs 2025, 23(4), 166; https://doi.org/10.3390/md23040166 - 11 Apr 2025
Viewed by 932
Abstract
Bioplastics such as poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) are promising alternatives to conventional plastics. However, the high production cost limits their industrial application. In this study, PHBV production was optimized in Haloferax mediterranei by the homologous overexpression of the key enzyme PHA synthase (PhaEC), resulting in [...] Read more.
Bioplastics such as poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) are promising alternatives to conventional plastics. However, the high production cost limits their industrial application. In this study, PHBV production was optimized in Haloferax mediterranei by the homologous overexpression of the key enzyme PHA synthase (PhaEC), resulting in the OEphaEC strain. The growth and PHBV production of OEphaEC compared with the parental strain (HM26) were evaluated in three culture media with different nitrogen sources (KNO3, NH4Cl, and casamino acids). The OEphaEC strain exhibited a 20% increase in PHBV production and a 40% increase in 3-hydroxyvalerate monomer (3HV) content in a defined medium with nitrate as a nitrogen source, as determined by GC-MS. Moreover, enzyme activity, measured spectrophotometrically, increased from 2.3 to 3.9 U/mg. Soluble and insoluble protein fractions were analysed to assess the overexpression of PHA synthase. Only PhaE was found in the insoluble protein fraction, where PHBV granules accumulate. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images confirmed a higher PHBV content in OEphaEC compared to the parental strain. These results demonstrate that the homologous overexpression of the key enzyme implicated in PHBV biosynthesis can enhance PHBV content, making its production competitive for industrial applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Marine Extremophiles: Adaptations and Biotechnological Applications)
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