How Culture Impacts the Process of Cognitive Assessment

A special issue of Journal of Intelligence (ISSN 2079-3200). This special issue belongs to the section "Studies on Cognitive Processes".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (28 February 2026) | Viewed by 892

Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Applied Psychology, New York University, New York, NY, USA
Interests: multicultural assessment; understanding how culture impacts the process of cognitive assessment; usage of qualitative research strategies with diverse ethnocultural groups

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Guest Editor
Department of Psychology, St. John’s University, Jamaica, NY 11439, USA
Interests: langauge development and test performance; nondiscrimninatory assessment; bilingualism and testing; test score validity; cultural competence

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Guest Editor
College for Education and Engaged Learning, Montclair State University, Montclair, NJ 07043, USA
Interests: ability assessment; developmental disabilities; early childhood education; psychometrics; subjective well-being

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Cognitive assessment is a major cornerstone of psychological practice. Clinicians, educators, and researchers rely on these measures to determine individual abilities and estimate intellectual potential. Decades of study have focused on the relationship between culture and cognition. Findings indicate that culture reinforces particular forms of ability, while the use of mainstream tests has been challenged with charges of cultural bias, lack of cultural equivalence, and concerns regarding test fairness with respect to use with people of color. Broadening the definition of culture to be inclusive of intersectional identities beyond just race and ethnicity will be addressed whenever possible, increasing cultural complexity in a global context.

Attempts to adjust scoring on intelligence tests in light of cultural group membership and the selection of measures based upon cultural loading have yielded limited results and have not been adopted for mainstream use. Intelligence measures continue to be used to determine competence in neuropsychological functioning, the educational classification of disabilities, identification of giftedness, and diagnosis of cognitive decline among older persons. The impact of artificial intelligence on the administration, scoring, and interpretation of cognitive measures will also be addressed. This Special Issue will bring together cutting-edge research and theoretical understanding addressing the impact of culture on cognitive assessment as it pertains to the application of the most popular measures of intelligence.

Dr. Lisa Suzuki
Prof. Dr. Samuel O. Ortiz
Dr. Vincent C. Alfonso
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • intelligence
  • cognitive assessment
  • ability measures
  • cultural equivalence
  • cultural validity

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

25 pages, 1717 KB  
Article
Task Engagement in Matrix Reasoning Performance: A Cross-Cultural Investigation in China and the United Kingdom
by Rui Wang, Kastoori Kalaivanan, Jiani Ren, Shen-Hsing Annabel Chen and Chew Lee Teo
J. Intell. 2026, 14(7), 117; https://doi.org/10.3390/jintelligence14070117 (registering DOI) - 25 Jun 2026
Abstract
Matrix reasoning tasks remain among the most widely used instruments for assessing abstract reasoning and are often assumed to be culturally neutral. However, this assumption has been challenged by studies reporting significant cross-cultural variation in performance on nonverbal matrix reasoning tasks, even when [...] Read more.
Matrix reasoning tasks remain among the most widely used instruments for assessing abstract reasoning and are often assumed to be culturally neutral. However, this assumption has been challenged by studies reporting significant cross-cultural variation in performance on nonverbal matrix reasoning tasks, even when groups show comparable performance on verbal measures of general cognitive ability. One plausible reason is that many matrix reasoning tasks rely primarily on accuracy-based performance metrics while providing limited insight into response timing and task engagement during problem solving. The present study examined the Matrix Reasoning Item Bank (MaRs-IB), a new online matrix reasoning instrument integrating both accuracy and response time, in 458 participants from China and the UK. Results demonstrated strong psychometric properties across both cultural contexts, while also revealing systematic between-group differences in overall task performance. Chinese participants were generally slower but more accurate, whereas UK participants responded more quickly with lower overall accuracy. Rather than reflecting a classical speed–accuracy trade-off, these patterns may indicate cross-cultural variation in persistence, deliberative engagement, and the metacognitive regulation of cognitive effort during reasoning tasks. In particular, Chinese participants allocated more time before responding and persisted longer on challenging task items, whereas UK participants demonstrated relatively faster responding and shorter response times on more challenging items. These findings suggest that cross-cultural differences in matrix reasoning performance may reflect not only differences in observed performance levels, but also variation in how participants allocate time and sustain engagement during cognitively demanding tasks. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue How Culture Impacts the Process of Cognitive Assessment)
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