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Relationship Between Plant Microbiome and Immunity

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Plant Sciences".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 March 2026 | Viewed by 1754

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
IPSP-Bari Unit, Department of Biology, Agricultural and Food Sciences, DISBA, Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Council of Research, CNR, 70126 Bari, Italy
Interests: plant immunity; root microbiome; plant resistance to parasites
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

You are all aware that microbial communities that are associated with rhizosphere of plant roots are nowadays widely recognized to have paramount importance for plant performance against abiotic and biotic stresses and for a healthy growth. The term microbiome refers to a microbial community which occupies a well-defined habitat that can be distinguished by specific physico-chemical properties. Plants undergoing abiotic, pest- and pathogen-induced stresses actively seek and select from the environments beneficial microorganisms, mainly plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), to enhance and strengthen their immunity response. Microbiomes also assist plants in improving the mobilization of nutrients in soil for root uptake and in enhancing their tolerance to environmental stresses.  There is an increasing need of investigations about how the plant immune system or the secretion of selective metabolites affects the microbiome and how microbiome affects the plant immune system. Another topic we want to focus on in this Special Issue is the impact of treatments with plant immune hormones, such as jasmonic, salicylic, abscisic acids and ethylene, on the composition of microbiomes and, consequently, on the immune response to pathogen and pest attacks. Moreover, it is generally known that plants recognize microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) by cell surface-localized pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). We invite to submit studies on possible interference of microbiome in this recognition and on signaling events leading to the so-called MAMP-triggered immunity (MTI), characterized by ion (Ca2+, H+) fluxes and transient oxidative bursts produced by a higher generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Although a consistent amount of research has been done so far, the molecular, genetic, and epigenetic mechanisms by which immunity is triggered by a suitable microbiome are far to be completely revealed. 

Therefore, the scope of this issue is to collect original research articles and up-to-date reviews on the above-mentioned relationship between microbiome and plant immune response to biotic as well as tolerance to abiotic stresses.

I look forward to receiving your contributions.

Dr. Sergio Molinari
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • microbiome
  • plant immune system
  • rhizosphere of plant roots
  • microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs)

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

19 pages, 1686 KB  
Article
Food Waste Compost as a Tool of Microbiome-Assisted Agri-Culture for Sustainable Protection of Vegetable Crops Against Soil-Borne Parasites
by Paola Leonetti, Paolo Roberto Di Palma, Giulio Gazzola and Sergio Molinari
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(21), 10606; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms262110606 - 31 Oct 2025
Viewed by 1506
Abstract
A low-scale Food Waste Compost (FWC1), characterized by optimal physic-chemical parameters and high organic matter percentages, was used as a fertilizer and a bio-stimulant for vegetable plants. Groups of treated plants were inoculated with active juveniles of root-knot nematodes to detect the effect [...] Read more.
A low-scale Food Waste Compost (FWC1), characterized by optimal physic-chemical parameters and high organic matter percentages, was used as a fertilizer and a bio-stimulant for vegetable plants. Groups of treated plants were inoculated with active juveniles of root-knot nematodes to detect the effect on plant defense. Optimal amounts of compost mixed with soil increased plant biomass 30% compared to untreated plants. Moreover, when plants were inoculated, treated roots contained about 50% less sedentary forms (SFs) of nematodes and a lower reproduction rate of the parasites than untreated plants. Although the performance of FWC1 as defense activator was similar to other microbiome-generating commercial formulations, the compost was found to be the best fertilizer in both un- and inoculated plants. Diffuse root colonization by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) was observed after treatments with FWC1. FWC1 water extracts did not show any toxic effect on living nematode juveniles. Expression of the marker gene of immune response PR4b was found to be 3–5-fold higher in the roots of inoculated plants treated with FWC1 with respect to untreated plants, thus indicating that FWC1 primes plants against RKNs (root-knot nematodes, Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid White) Chitw). Data are reported to associate immunization of plants with mycorrhization occurring in FWC1-treated plants. The proposed compost is indicated as having optimal performance both as a bio-fertilizer and a bio-stimulant. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Relationship Between Plant Microbiome and Immunity)
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