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Research Advances in Protein Misfolding

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Biophysics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 April 2025) | Viewed by 1891

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1055, USA
Interests: protein misfolding; amyloid; protein aggregation; proteinopathy

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Protein-misfolding diseases have been the focus of intense basic and clinical research. We know that protein aggregation in cells is usually tightly controlled, and misfolded proteins are generally removed before accumulation can occur. For reasons not clearly understood, in some individuals, this degradation process breaks down and misfolded proteins aggregate to form amyloids as time progresses. Decades of research has revealed that protein misfolding often activates aggregation and amyloid formation, which template their aberrant structures onto the native protein.

We now know that the largest obstacle to drug development against these unnerving human diseases is identifying potential targets along the aggregation pathway and understanding the factors that influence disease progression. Over the years, experimental and theoretical biologists, chemists, and physicists have studied the underlying mechanisms of protein misfolding and aggregation to better understand the disease etiology. Researchers across the globe are attempting to clarify the fundamentals of protein misfolding, which has been the focus of intense basic and clinical research.

This Special Issue, entitled “Research Advances in Protein Misfolding”, invites researchers committed to understanding the underlying mechanism of protein misfolding diseases at a molecular, cellular, and animal model to submit their recent work addressing this fascinating topic.

Dr. Bikash Sahoo
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • protein misfolding
  • amyloids
  • neurodegenerative diseases
  • proteostasis
  • protein aggregation

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

21 pages, 623 KiB  
Review
From Molecular to Radionuclide and Pharmacological Aspects in Transthyretin Cardiac Amyloidosis
by Silviu Marcel Stanciu, Ruxandra Jurcut, Ruxandra Dragoi Galrinho, Constantin Stefani, Daniela Miricescu, Ioana Ruxandra Rusu, Georgiana Sabina Prisacariu and Raluca Mititelu
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(1), 146; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26010146 - 27 Dec 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1413
Abstract
Amyloidosis is a rare pathology characterized by protein deposits in various organs and tissues. Cardiac amyloidosis (CA) can be caused by various protein deposits, but transthyretin amyloidosis (ATTR) and immunoglobulin light chain (AL) are the most frequent pathologies. Protein misfolding can be induced [...] Read more.
Amyloidosis is a rare pathology characterized by protein deposits in various organs and tissues. Cardiac amyloidosis (CA) can be caused by various protein deposits, but transthyretin amyloidosis (ATTR) and immunoglobulin light chain (AL) are the most frequent pathologies. Protein misfolding can be induced by several factors such as oxidative stress, genetic mutations, aging, chronic inflammation, and neoplastic disorders. In ATTR cardiomyopathy (ATTR-CM), the amyloid fibrils can be found in the myocardium interstitial space and are associated with arrhythmias and heart failure. In pathological situations, the transthyretin (TTR) configuration is destroyed by proteolytic action, leading to monomers that further misfold and aggregate to form the amyloid fibrils. 99mTc-Pyrophosphate (99m-Tc-PYP), 99mTc 3,3-diphosphono-1,2-propanodicarboxylic acid (99m-Tc-DPD) and 99m-Tc hydroxy-methylene-Dyphosphonate (99m-Tc-HMDP) are used to detect myocardium amyloid deposits due to their ability to detect calcium ions that are present in the amyloid fibrils through dystrophic calcification. ATTR-CM therapy acts on different stages of the amyloidogenic process, including liver TTR synthesis, TTR tetramer destabilization, and misfolding of the monomers. The main aim of this narrative review is to present ATTR-CM, starting with molecular changes regarding the protein misfolding process and radionuclide aspects and finishing with pharmacological approaches. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research Advances in Protein Misfolding)
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