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Prognostic Interventions for Improving Oral Health

A special issue of International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (ISSN 1660-4601). This special issue belongs to the section "Oral Health".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2023) | Viewed by 6233

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Oral Health, Takarazuka University Medical and Health Care, Takarazuka 666-0162, Japan
Interests: epidemiology; oxidative stress; periodontal disease; microRNA; dental caries; occupational health

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Precision medicine is a novel approach that predicts or diagnoses diseases before their onset. It comprises treatments that target the needs of individual patients on the basis of genetic, biomarker, phenotypic or psychosocial characteristics. One of the possible candidates for precision medicine is microRNAs (miRNAs). Recent studies reported that miRNAs can be biomarkers for cancer diagnosis and prognosis.

Periodontitis progression results in periodontal attachment loss and/or tooth loss. Several miRNAs were suggested to predict periodontal disease. However, due to differences in methodology, no specific miRNAs were identified to correctly predict the initiation or progression of periodontitis.

The aim of this Special Issue is to present the latest information regarding the application of miRNAs in predicting periodontitis. The miRNAs for the other diseases, such as oral mucosal diseases or hard tissue diseases will be discussed.

Prof. Dr. Manabu Morita
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • microRNA
  • precision medicine
  • saliva
  • periodontal disease
  • oral cancer

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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16 pages, 1416 KiB  
Systematic Review
The Prognostic Role of miR-31 in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis with Trial Sequential Analysis
by Mario Dioguardi, Francesca Spirito, Diego Sovereto, Mario Alovisi, Riccardo Aiuto, Daniele Garcovich, Vito Crincoli, Luigi Laino, Angela Pia Cazzolla, Giorgia Apollonia Caloro, Michele Di Cosola, Andrea Ballini, Lorenzo Lo Muzio and Giuseppe Troiano
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(9), 5334; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19095334 - 27 Apr 2022
Cited by 22 | Viewed by 2301
Abstract
Background: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the sixth most common cancer worldwide with high recurrence, metastasis, and poor treatment outcome. Prognostic survival biomarkers can be a valid tool for assessing a patient’s life expectancy and directing therapy toward specific targets. [...] Read more.
Background: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the sixth most common cancer worldwide with high recurrence, metastasis, and poor treatment outcome. Prognostic survival biomarkers can be a valid tool for assessing a patient’s life expectancy and directing therapy toward specific targets. Recent studies have reported microRNA (miR) might play a critical role in regulating different types of cancer. The main miR used as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker and reported in the scientific literature for HNSCC is miR-21. Other miRs have been investigated to a lesser extent (miR-99a, miR-99b, miR-100, miR-143, miR-155, miR-7, miR-424, miR-183), but among these, the one that has attracted major interest is the miR-31. Methods: The systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines using electronic databases, such as PubMed, Scopus, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, with the use of combinations of keywords, such as miR-31 AND HNSCC, microRNA AND HNSCC, and miR-31. The meta-analysis was performed using the RevMan 5.41 software (Cochrane Collaboration, Copenhagen, Denmark). Results: This search produced 721 records, which, after the elimination of duplicates and the application of the inclusion and exclusion criteria, led to 4 articles. The meta-analysis was conducted by applying fixed-effects models, given the low rate of heterogeneity (I2 = 40%). The results of the meta-analysis report an aggregate hazard ratio (HR) for the overall survival (OS), between the highest and lowest miR-31 expression, of 1.59, with the relative intervals of confidence (1.22 2.07). Heterogeneity was evaluated through Chi2 = 5.04 df = 3 (p = 0.17) and the Higgins index I2 = 40; testing for the overall effect was Z = 3.44 (p = 0.00006). The forest plot shows us a worsening HR value of OS, in relation to the elevated expression of miR-31. Conclusions: In conclusion, the data resulting from the current meta-analysis suggest that miR-31 is associated with the prognosis of patients with HNSCC and that elevated miR-31 expression could predict a poor prognosis in patients with this type of neoplasm. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Prognostic Interventions for Improving Oral Health)
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12 pages, 1244 KiB  
Systematic Review
MicroRNA-21 Expression as a Prognostic Biomarker in Oral Cancer: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
by Mario Dioguardi, Francesca Spirito, Diego Sovereto, Mario Alovisi, Giuseppe Troiano, Riccardo Aiuto, Daniele Garcovich, Vito Crincoli, Luigi Laino, Angela Pia Cazzolla, Giorgia Apollonia Caloro, Michele Di Cosola and Lorenzo Lo Muzio
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(6), 3396; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19063396 - 14 Mar 2022
Cited by 32 | Viewed by 3324
Abstract
Oral carcinoma represents one of the main carcinomas of the head and neck region, with a 5-year survival rate of less than 50%. Smoking and tobacco use are recognized risk factors. Prognostic survival biomarkers can be a valid tool for assessing a patient’s [...] Read more.
Oral carcinoma represents one of the main carcinomas of the head and neck region, with a 5-year survival rate of less than 50%. Smoking and tobacco use are recognized risk factors. Prognostic survival biomarkers can be a valid tool for assessing a patient’s life expectancy and directing therapy towards specific targets. Among the biomarkers, the alteration of miR-21 expression in tumor tissues is increasingly reported as a valid prognostic biomarker of survival for oral cancer. The purpose of this meta-analysis was, therefore, to investigate and summarize the results in the literature concerning the potential prognostic expression of tissue miR-21 in patients with OSCC. Methods: The systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines using electronic databases, such as PubMed, Scopus, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, with the use of combinations of keywords, such as miR-21 AND oral cancer, microRNA AND oral cancer, and miR-21. The meta-analysis was performed using the RevMan 5.41 software. Results: At the end of the article-selection process, 10 studies were included in the meta-analysis, and the result for the main outcome was a pooled HR per overall survival (OS) of 1.29 (1.16–1.44) between high and low expression of miR-21. Conclusions: The data in the literature and the results emerging from the systematic review indicate that miR-21 can provide a prognostic indication in oral cancer. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Prognostic Interventions for Improving Oral Health)
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