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Occurrence, Transformation and Risk of Organic Pollutants
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Occurrence, Transformation and Risk of Organic Pollutants

A special issue of International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (ISSN 1660-4601). This special issue belongs to the section "Environmental Science and Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 March 2023) | Viewed by 8738

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Jianteng Sun

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Pollution Processes and Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming 525000, China
Interests: occurrence of organic pollutants; biological transformation; chemical remediation of contaminated soil; environmental materials; ecological risk assessment; human health
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Xiaolong Yu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, Guangdong 525000, China
Interests: advanced oxidation processes; risk assessment of transformation products of organic pollutants; metabolomics

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The excessive use of organic chemicals resulted in global pollution. Organic pollutants, especially emerging POPs, are widely found in water, soil, and air; even their transformation products are detected in various organisms and humans. Biotransformation is an important behavior of organic pollutants in the environment. When environmental materials are used for remediation, the chemical degradation pathways and products may influence the fate and toxicity of organic pollutants. Most organic pollutants exhibit toxic effects to animals and humans. The adverse effects of organic pollutants and metabolites on plants and microorganisms are research hotspots. Evidence is still needed to clarify the occurrence and transformation behavior of organic pollutants, and further investigation of the risk of their transformation products also should be conducted. This new evidence would guide the improvement of policies to better control and manage organic pollution at global scale.

This Special Issue focuses on the current state of knowledge on the occurrence, transformation and risk of organic pollutants. Some examples of topics that could be addressed in this Special Issue are as follows:

  1. Level and distribution of organic contaminants in the environment and organisms
  2. Migration and biotransformation of organic pollutants in animals, plants, microbes, and humans
  3. Environmental materials and chemical degradation methods for organic pollutants
  4. Biodegradation methods for organic pollutants
  5. Water and soil pollution remediation
  6. Biological and ecological toxicities of organic pollutants and their metabolites
  7. Human health risks of organic pollutants
  8. Metabolomics, proteomics, and genomics
  9. Emerging pollutants
  10. Agricultural security and food safety

Dr. Jianteng Sun
Dr. Xiaolong Yu
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2500 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • organic pollutants
  • environmental occurrence
  • migration and biotransformation
  • chemical degradation
  • biological and ecological risks
  • water pollution
  • soil pollution
  • environmental remediation
  • emerging pollutants

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

24 pages, 3302 KiB  
Article
Metabolic Mechanism of Bacillus sp. LM24 under Abamectin Stress
by Yueping Zhu, Qilai Xie, Jinshao Ye, Ruzhen Wang, Xudong Yin, Wenyu Xie and Dehao Li
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20(4), 3068; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20043068 - 9 Feb 2023
Viewed by 1247
Abstract
Abamectin (ABM) has been recently widely used in aquaculture. However, few studies have examined its metabolic mechanism and ecotoxicity in microorganisms. This study investigated the molecular metabolic mechanism and ecotoxicity of Bacillus sp. LM24 (B. sp LM24) under ABM stress using intracellular metabolomics. [...] Read more.
Abamectin (ABM) has been recently widely used in aquaculture. However, few studies have examined its metabolic mechanism and ecotoxicity in microorganisms. This study investigated the molecular metabolic mechanism and ecotoxicity of Bacillus sp. LM24 (B. sp LM24) under ABM stress using intracellular metabolomics. The differential metabolites most affected by the bacteria were lipids and lipid metabolites. The main significant metabolic pathways of B. sp LM24 in response to ABM stress were glycerolipid; glycine, serine, and threonine; and glycerophospholipid, and sphingolipid. The bacteria improved cell membrane fluidity and maintained cellular activity by enhancing the interconversion pathway of certain phospholipids and sn-3-phosphoglycerol. It obtained more extracellular oxygen and nutrients to adjust the lipid metabolism pathway, mitigate the impact of sugar metabolism, produce acetyl coenzyme A to enter the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, maintain sufficient anabolic energy, and use some amino acid precursors produced during the TCA cycle to express ABM efflux protein and degradative enzymes. It produced antioxidants, including hydroxyanigorufone, D-erythroascorbic acid 1′-a-D-xylopyranoside, and 3-methylcyclopentadecanone, to alleviate ABM-induced cellular and oxidative damage. However, prolonged stress can cause metabolic disturbances in the metabolic pathways of glycine, serine, threonine, and sphingolipid; reduce acetylcholine production; and increase quinolinic acid synthesis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Occurrence, Transformation and Risk of Organic Pollutants)
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22 pages, 6465 KiB  
Article
2D/2D Phosphorus-Doped g-C3N4/Bi2WO6 Direct Z-Scheme Heterojunction Photocatalytic System for Tetracycline Hydrochloride (TC-HCl) Degradation
by Xudong Yin, Xiaojie Sun, Dehao Li, Wenyu Xie, Yufeng Mao, Zhenghui Liu and Zhisen Liu
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(22), 14935; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192214935 - 13 Nov 2022
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 1603
Abstract
Bi2WO6-based heterojunction photocatalyst for antibiotic degradation has been a research hotspot, but its photocatalytic performance needs to be further improved. Therefore, 2D/2D P-doped g-C3N4/Bi2WO6 direct Z-scheme heterojunction photocatalysts with different composition ratios [...] Read more.
Bi2WO6-based heterojunction photocatalyst for antibiotic degradation has been a research hotspot, but its photocatalytic performance needs to be further improved. Therefore, 2D/2D P-doped g-C3N4/Bi2WO6 direct Z-scheme heterojunction photocatalysts with different composition ratios were prepared through three strategies of phosphorus (P) element doping, morphology regulation, and heterojunction, and the efficiency of its degradation of tetracycline hydrochloride (TC-HCl) under visible light was studied. Their structural, optical, and electronic properties were evaluated, and their photocatalytic efficiency for TC-HCl degradation was explored with a detailed assessment of the active species, degradation pathways, and effects of humic acid, different anions and cations, and water sources. The 30% P-doped g-C3N4/Bi2WO6 had the best photocatalytic performance for TC-HCl degradation. Its photocatalytic rate was 4.5-, 2.2-, and 1.9-times greater than that of g-C3N4, P-doped g-C3N4, and Bi2WO6, respectively. The improved photocatalytic efficiency was attributed to the synergistic effect of P doping and 2D/2D direct Z-scheme heterojunction construction. The stability and reusability of the 30% P-doped C3N4/Bi2WO6 were confirmed by cyclic degradation experiments. Radical scavenging experiments and electron spin resonance spectroscopy showed that the main active species were •O2− and h+. This work provides a new strategy for the preparation of direct Z-scheme heterojunction catalysts with high catalytic performance. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Occurrence, Transformation and Risk of Organic Pollutants)
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20 pages, 2393 KiB  
Article
Characteristics and Health Risks of Phthalate Ester Contamination in Soil and Plants in Coastal Areas of South China
by Huanhuan Xing, Xiaolong Yu, Jiahui Huang, Xiaodong Du, Mengting Wang, Jianteng Sun, Guining Lu and Xueqin Tao
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(15), 9516; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19159516 - 3 Aug 2022
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 1915
Abstract
Phthalate esters (PAEs) are widely used as plasticizers in industrial and commercial products, and are classified as endocrine-disrupting compounds. In this study, we investigated the contamination characteristics and health risks of PAEs in the soil–plant system in coastal areas of South China. PAEs [...] Read more.
Phthalate esters (PAEs) are widely used as plasticizers in industrial and commercial products, and are classified as endocrine-disrupting compounds. In this study, we investigated the contamination characteristics and health risks of PAEs in the soil–plant system in coastal areas of South China. PAEs were detected in soil and plant samples at all 37 sampling sites. The total concentration of the 15 PAEs in soil samples ranged from 0.445 to 4.437 mg/kg, and the mean concentration was 1.582 ± 0.937 mg/kg. The total concentration of the 15 PAEs in plant samples ranged from 2.176 to 30.276 mg/kg, and the mean concentration was 8.712 ± 5.840 mg/kg. Di(2-Ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) and di-n-butyl phthalate (DnBP) were the major PAEs compounds in all samples. The selected contaminants exhibited completely different spatial distributions within the study area. Notably, higher concentrations of PAEs were found in the coastal Guangdong Province of South China. The average noncarcinogenic risks of Σ6 PAEs were at acceptable levels via dietary and nondietary routes. However, the noncarcinogenic risks posed by DEHP and DBP at some sampling sites were relatively high. Furthermore, dietary and nondietary carcinogenic risks were very low for BBP, but carcinogenic risks posed by DEHP via diet. The results suggest that PAEs in the coastal soil–plant system in South China, through human risk assessment, will induce some adverse effects on human health, especially in children. This study provides an important basis for risk management of PAEs in agriculture, and safety in coastal areas of South China. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Occurrence, Transformation and Risk of Organic Pollutants)
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14 pages, 1473 KiB  
Article
Occurrence, Distribution, and Risk Assessment of Antibiotics in the Aquatic Environment of the Karst Plateau Wetland of Yangtze River Basin, Southwestern China
by Feng Guo, Yanan Wang, Jie Peng, Hetian Huang, Xiangting Tu, Hu Zhao, Nan Zhan, Zhu Rao, Gaofeng Zhao and Hongbo Yang
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(12), 7211; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19127211 - 12 Jun 2022
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 3242
Abstract
In this study, the occurrence, distribution, and ecological risk of 40 commonly used antibiotics, including 15 sulfonamides (SAs), 9 fluoroquinolones (FQs), 7 macrolides (MCs), 3 tetracyclines (TCs), 2 chloramphenicols (CAPs), and 4 other categories, in the aquatic environment of the karst plateau wetland [...] Read more.
In this study, the occurrence, distribution, and ecological risk of 40 commonly used antibiotics, including 15 sulfonamides (SAs), 9 fluoroquinolones (FQs), 7 macrolides (MCs), 3 tetracyclines (TCs), 2 chloramphenicols (CAPs), and 4 other categories, in the aquatic environment of the karst plateau wetland Caohai of the Yangtze River basin in southwestern China are reported. In total, 27 antibiotics were detected, with the detection rate ranging from 5% to 100%. The total concentration at each site ranged from 21.8 ng/L to 954 ng/L, with the average concentration being 189 ng/L. FQs and MCs were the most predominant categories, contributing 29.3% and 25.0% of the total antibiotic burden. The five most commonly detected antibiotics were ciprofloxacin (CIP), oxytetracycline (OTC), acetyl sulfamethoxazole (ASMZ), norfloxacin (NOR), and florfenicol (FF). The spatial distribution of the total concentration at each site demonstrated a decreasing trend from the southeastern area upstream adjoining the main counties to the northwestern area downstream, indicating that human activities have a great impact. Meanwhile, the natural attenuation rates of different types of antibiotics in the direction of flow ranged from 17.6% to 100%, which implied the natural purification potential of the wetland for antibiotics. The cluster analysis results indicated that domestic sewage and wastewater from agriculture and animal husbandry were the main sources of contamination in the surrounding wetland. Risk quotients (RQs) assessment showed that most of the individuals were at low to medium risk and that the adverse risks posed by mixtures of antibiotics were higher than those posed by the individual antibiotics. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Occurrence, Transformation and Risk of Organic Pollutants)
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