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COVID-19 and Diabetes - Issues and Challenges

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A special issue of International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (ISSN 1660-4601). This special issue belongs to the section "Health Behavior, Chronic Disease and Health Promotion".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 March 2023) | Viewed by 9314

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Special Issue Editor

Dr. Osuagwu L. Uchechukwu

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Bathurst Rural Clinical School (BRCS), School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith NSW 2751, Australia
Interests: nutrition; diabetes; obesity; chronic disease; eye health; epidemiology; ageing; global health
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Diabetes mellitus is a leading cause of avoidable hospitalizations, amputations, cardiovascular events, renal failure, foetal malformations, and blindness, with certain populations including minority groups most affected. People with diabetes are at significant risk if they become infected with COVID-19 and reports showed that about a tenth of people with COVID-19 had diabetes and those with diabetes have markedly higher mortality and extended length of hospital stay especially if they are hyperglycaemic. The COVID-19 pandemic response has impacted on diabetes management and self-management. Lockdown during comparable disasters is directly proportional to worsened glycaemic control and diabetes-related complications, e.g., a 45-day lockdown in India was associated with up to 17% increase in diabetes complications of proliferative diabetic retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy. This risk represents a substantial challenge for the global healthcare system. This Special Issue will collect evidence to understand the impact of the global response to COVID-19 on diabetes management/self-management.

Challenges already existed in implementing evidence-based diabetes care and effective self-management and methods may have been developed in various places during the pandemic to support clinical decision-making.

We will accept manuscripts from different disciplines that explore the impact of the COVID-19 on various types of diabetes including gestational diabetes, diabetes related complications, pregnancy, vaccination, barriers, and challenges to healthcare service, access to health services, etc. Manuscripts that describe emerging support technique/tools which can be used in optimising diabetes care. This Special Issue will also call for work on emerging decision support tools that could be used to in optimising diabetes care, monitor the impact of future pandemic on diabetes outcomes and to enhance diabetes care after the COVID-19 lockdown.

This Special Issue will:

Describe the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on diabetes care, self-management, and clinical outcomes in primary care in different settings;
Investigate the potential prognostic factors and impact of various treatments/medication use in diabetes patients with COVID-19;
Provide evidence about existing decision support tools that can be used to improve “diabetes control” beyond measures that existed prior to the COVID-19 lockdown.

Dr. Osuagwu L. Uchechukwu
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2500 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

diabetes mellitus
type 1 diabetes
type 2 diabetes

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 2442 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Cessation of Face Mask Use after COVID-19 Vaccination in Patients with Diabetes: Prevalence and Determinants

by Hid Felizardo Cordero Franco, Ana María Salinas Martínez, Diana Laura Martínez Martínez, Blanca Reyna Santiago Jarquin and Francisco Javier Guzmán de la Garza

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20(4), 2768; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20042768 - 4 Feb 2023

Viewed by 1552

Abstract

Studies on the cessation of face mask use after a COVID-19 vaccine in patients with diabetes are not available, despite their greater predisposition to complications. We estimated the prevalence of cessation of face mask use after receiving the COVID-19 vaccine in patients with diabetes and identified which factor was most strongly associated with non-use. This was a cross-sectional study in patients with diabetes 18–70 years with at least one dose of vaccine against COVID-19 (n = 288). Participants were asked to respond face-to-face to a questionnaire in a primary care center. Descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and multivariate binary logistic regression were used for analyzing the association between vulnerability, benefits, barriers, self-efficacy, vaccine expectations (independent variables), and cessation of use (dependent variable), controlling for sociodemographic, smoking, medical, vaccine, and COVID-19 history. The prevalence of cessation of face masks was 25.3% (95% CI 20.2, 30.5). Not feeling vulnerable to hospitalization increased the odds of non-use (adjusted OR = 3.3, 95% CI 1.2, 8.6), while perceiving benefits did the opposite (adjusted OR = 0.4, 95% CI 0.2, 0.9). The prevalence was low, and only two factors were associated with the cessation of face mask use after COVID-19 vaccination in patients with type 2 diabetes. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue COVID-19 and Diabetes - Issues and Challenges)

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14 pages, 1016 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Predictors of New-Onset Diabetes in Hospitalized Patients with SARS-CoV-2 Infection

by Iulia Făgărășan, Adriana Rusu, Maria Cristea, Cornelia-Gabriela Bala, Damiana-Maria Vulturar, Ciprian Cristea and Doina-Adina Todea

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(20), 13230; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192013230 - 14 Oct 2022

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1726

Abstract

The pandemic caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is one of the world’s most disruptive health crises. The presence of diabetes plays an important role in the severity of the infection, and a rise in newly diagnosed diabetes cases has been identified. The aim of this retrospective study was to determine the incidence of new-onset diabetes (NOD) and predictive factors with their cut-off values for patients hospitalized with COVID-19. All patients (n = 219) hospitalized for COVID-19 during three consecutive months were included. NOD was diagnosed in 26.48% of patients. The severity of the infection, hospital admission values for fasting plasma glucose, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), PaO2/FiO2 ratio, the peak values for leucocytes, neutrophils, C-reactive protein, triglycerides, and the need for care in the intensive care unit were predictors for the occurrence of NOD in univariate analysis, while only LDH level remained a significant predictor in the multivariable analysis. In conclusion, the results of the study showed a high incidence of NOD in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 and identified LDH levels at hospital admission as a significant predictor of NOD during SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, the persistence of NOD after the COVID-19 infection is not known, therefore, the results must be interpreted with caution. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue COVID-19 and Diabetes - Issues and Challenges)

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16 pages, 1426 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Analysis of Perception, Reasons, and Motivations for COVID-19 Vaccination in People with Diabetes across Sub-Saharan Africa: A Mixed-Method Approach

by Uchechukwu Levi Osuagwu, Raymond Langsi, Godwin Ovenseri-Ogbomo, Khathutshelo Percy Mashige, Emmanuel Kwasi Abu, Esther Awazzi Envuladu, Piwuna Christopher Goson, Bernadine Nsa Ekpenyong, Richard Oloruntoba, Chundung Asabe Miner, Deborah Donald Charwe, Chikasirimobi Goodhope Timothy, Tanko Ishaya, Onyekachukwu Mary-Anne Amiebenomo, David Lim and Kingsley E. Agho

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(13), 7875; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19137875 - 27 Jun 2022

Cited by 10 | Viewed by 2714

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with severe COVID-19 infection and complications. This study assesses COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and hesitancy in people with DM, and explores the reasons for not being vaccinated. This was a web-based cross-sectional survey using a mixed-method approach conducted in March–May 2021, corresponding to most Sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries’ early vaccine rollout period. Participants were those aged ≥18 years with self-reported DM in 11 Sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries. Responses to comments on the reasons for vaccine hesitancy and facilitators for vaccine uptake were analyzed. Of the 73 participants with DM, 65.8% were males, older than 35 years (86.3%), had postsecondary education (90%), and a significant proportion were from South Africa (39.7%), Nigeria (28.8%) and Ghana (13.7%). At the time of this study, 64.4% experienced COVID-19 symptoms, 46.6% were tested for COVID-19, of which 19.2% tested positive. Few participants (6.8%) had received a COVID-19 vaccination, 65.8% were willing to take the vaccine when it becomes available in their country, while 26.0% either refused or remained hesitant towards taking the vaccine. The main identified reasons for not taking the vaccine were: advice from religious leaders; concerns about the safety, effects, and efficacy of the vaccines; mistrust of the pharmaceutical companies producing the vaccines and the process of production; the conspiracy theories around the vaccines; and the personal belief of the participants regarding vaccination. However, participants stated they would take the vaccine if they were more educated about it, received positive feedback from those vaccinated, were rewarded for taking the vaccine, or if vaccination became a condition for travel and employment. In conclusion, this study shows that the uptake of the COVID-19 vaccine was very low in this high-risk group. Efforts to increase the uptake of COVID-19 vaccines among people with diabetes are imperative, such as the provision of education and relevant information. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue COVID-19 and Diabetes - Issues and Challenges)

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Review

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15 pages, 1012 KiB

Open AccessReview

Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Healthcare Utilization among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review

by Norizzati Amsah, Zaleha Md Isa, Norfazilah Ahmad and Mohd Rizal Abdul Manaf

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20(5), 4577; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20054577 - 4 Mar 2023

Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2348

Abstract

As the COVID-19 pandemic continues, healthcare services have been grossly overwhelmed by the pandemic. Due to this circumstance, routine care for individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been temporarily disrupted. The purpose of this systematic review was to summarize the evidence regarding the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on healthcare utilization among patients with T2DM. A systematic search was conducted in the Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed databases. The process of identifying the final articles followed the PRISMA guidelines. The inclusion criteria were articles published between 2020 and 2022, written in English, and studies focusing on the research question. Any proceedings and books were excluded. A total of fourteen articles relevant to the research question were extracted. Following that, the included articles were critically appraised using the Mixed Method Appraisal Tool (MMAT) and the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Tool to assess the quality of the studies. The findings were further classified into three themes: reduced healthcare utilization among T2DM patients in routine healthcare services, a surge of telemedicine usage, and delay in the delivery of healthcare services. The key messages include demands for monitoring the long-term effects of the missed care and that better preparedness is crucial for any pandemic in the future. A tight diagnostic workup at the community level and regular follow-ups are crucial in managing the impact of the pandemic among T2DM patients. Telemedicine should be on the agenda of the health system to maintain and complement healthcare services. Future research is warranted to determine effective strategies to deal with the impact of the pandemic on healthcare utilization and delivery among T2DM patients. A clear policy is essential and should be established. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue COVID-19 and Diabetes - Issues and Challenges)

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