New Technologies for Understanding and Enhancing Lived Temporality in Chronic Illness

A special issue of Healthcare (ISSN 2227-9032). This special issue belongs to the section "Chronic Care".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 August 2026 | Viewed by 3214

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Social Sciences and the Humanities, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland
Interests: psychiatry; phenomenology; temporality; lived time; time perception

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Co-Guest Editor
Dipartimento di Filosofia, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy
Interests: mental health; phenomenology of the virtual reality experience; professional applications of virtual reality; time perception

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Chronic illness management is medically challenging due to profound impacts on patients’ quality of life and lived experiences of time. While modern treatments improve survival rates, they often neglect psychological well-being and disruptions to daily life rhythms. In fact, as they, by definition, continue in time, chronic illnesses impose radical adjustments to the way the patients structure and live this dimension: from experiencing circular rather than linear temporalities (e.g., in relation to repetitive treatment sessions) to dealing with unpredictable illness trajectories, with recursive remission–relapse patterns. These time-related effects of chronic illnesses are critical to address, as they influence the patient’s subjective quality of life and adherence to treatment regimens.

In the field of (empirical) phenomenology, important steps have been taken to study the impact of illness on time perception and temporal awareness. Recent technological advancements promise a deeper understanding and support of these lived experiences. Extended reality (XR) tools have shown utility in enhancing treatment, while artificial intelligence (AI) can offer a nuanced analysis of patient-reported outcomes, making subjective health data an integral part of diagnosis and care planning. Recognizing that "objective" recovery does not always align with subjective well-being, these technologies offer new methods to validate and incorporate the patient’s perspective, enhancing both medical practice and outcomes. 

In this Special Issue, we seek interdisciplinary contributions that explore novel, technology-based approaches to understanding and enhancing the lived temporalities of patients undergoing cancer treatment, other chronic illness care (including mental illness), and palliative care. We especially invite contributions that focus on the validation and quantification of lived experience as part of clinical decision-making and the integration of patient-reported outcomes through computational and quantitative tools. We welcome research that bridges medical sciences with the humanities and psychology to address themes of temporality, illness rhythms, and the subjective experience of chronic health conditions. Contributions may include computational tools for lived experience quantification, phenomenological studies on temporal distortions, and innovative applications of XR and AI in understanding and supporting quality of life.

We look forward to receiving your contributions.

Prof. Dr. Marcin Moskalewicz
Dr. Federica Cavaletti
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • chronic illnesses
  • cancer care
  • lived experience
  • lived time
  • temporal rhythms
  • transdisciplinary research
  • quantitative phenomenology
  • extended reality
  • computational tools

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Review

22 pages, 818 KB  
Review
The Role of Temporality in Virtual Reality Interventions for Depressive Episodes—A Scoping Review
by Volha Saroka, Tomir Jędrejek, Marcin Trybulec and Zuzanna Aleksandra Rucińska
Healthcare 2026, 14(2), 156; https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare14020156 - 7 Jan 2026
Viewed by 686
Abstract
Background/Objectives: People living with depression often experience consistent disruptions in their experience of time, which further contributes to their suffering. We present a scoping review on virtual reality (VR)-based interventions for depression, addressing temporal processing and subjective experiences of time. The paper aims [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: People living with depression often experience consistent disruptions in their experience of time, which further contributes to their suffering. We present a scoping review on virtual reality (VR)-based interventions for depression, addressing temporal processing and subjective experiences of time. The paper aims to explore the extent to which therapeutic interventions using VR target the temporal dimension of patients’ experiences. Methods: We conducted a scoping review using the PRISMA 2020 standard. The literature search was further extended using Research Rabbit and by examining the reference lists of relevant articles. Seventeen papers were selected for final analysis. Results: Our scoping review indicates that temporality in VR-based therapeutic interventions for depression remains underrepresented. Of the seventeen papers reviewed, only two explicitly deal with this issue, while the rest touch upon it briefly or implicitly. The studies suggest that VR’s main advantage in modifying the experience of time in depression is its potential to generate immersion and to scaffold imagination through visualization. The main limitations are methodological: most of the available research is exploratory, reports short-term effects, and utilizes a broad variety of empirical designs and therapeutic approaches. Full article
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22 pages, 632 KB  
Review
“Your Digital Doctor Will Now See You”: A Narrative Review of VR and AI Technology in Chronic Illness Management
by Albert Łukasik, Milena Celebudzka and Arkadiusz Gut
Healthcare 2026, 14(2), 143; https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare14020143 - 6 Jan 2026
Viewed by 1552
Abstract
This narrative review examines how immersive virtual and mixed-reality (VR/MR) technologies, combined with AI-driven virtual agents, can support the prevention and long-term management of chronic illness. Chronic diseases represent a significant global health burden, and conventional care models often struggle to sustain patient [...] Read more.
This narrative review examines how immersive virtual and mixed-reality (VR/MR) technologies, combined with AI-driven virtual agents, can support the prevention and long-term management of chronic illness. Chronic diseases represent a significant global health burden, and conventional care models often struggle to sustain patient engagement, motivation, and adherence over time. To address this gap, we conducted a narrative review of reviews and meta-analyses. We selected empirical studies published between 2020 and 2025, identified through searches in PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. The aim was to capture the state of the art in the integrated use of VR/MR and AI in chronic illness care, and to identify key opportunities, challenges, and considerations relevant to clinical practice. The reviewed evidence indicates that VR/MR interventions consistently enhance engagement, motivation, symptom coping, and emotional well-being, particularly in rehabilitation, pain management, and psychoeducation. At the same time, AI-driven conversational agents and virtual therapists add adaptive feedback, personalization, real-time monitoring, and continuity of care between clinical visits. However, persistent challenges are also reported, including technical limitations such as latency and system dependence, ethical concerns related to data privacy and algorithmic bias, as well as psychosocial risks such as emotional overattachment or discomfort arising from avatar design. Overall, the findings suggest that the most significant clinical value emerges when VR/MR and AI are deployed together rather than in isolation. When implemented with patient-centered design, clinician oversight, and transparent governance, these technologies can meaningfully support more engaging, personalized, and sustainable chronic illness management. Full article
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