Genetics of Host–Pathogen Interactions

A special issue of Genes (ISSN 2073-4425). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Genetics and Genomics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 September 2026 | Viewed by 1722

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Immunogenomics and Molecular Pathogenesis Research Group, Department of Genetics, University of Cordoba, 14014 Córdoba, Spain
Interests: host–pathogen interactions; cell signaling; transcriptomics; proteomics; immune response; inflammation; SARS-CoV-2

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Immunogenomics and Molecular Pathogenesis Research Group, Department of Genetics, University of Cordoba, 14014 Córdoba, Spain
Interests: transcriptomics; immunogenomics; microRNA; animal genomics; immune response; inflammation; molecular biology; microbiota; metabolomics; proteomics; salmonellosis

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Host–pathogen interactions are fundamental to understanding the biology of infectious diseases. Pathogens have evolved sophisticated mechanisms to exploit host resources, while hosts have developed complex immune defenses to counteract these threats. Understanding the genetic factors that govern these interactions is essential for unraveling disease mechanisms and developing effective interventions in both human and veterinary medicine, agriculture, and ecology.

This Special Issue aims to highlight advances in the genetic and genomic study of these complex interactions across diverse systems, including humans, animals, plants, and microbes. Topics may include genetic determinants of host resistance, pathogen adaptation, immune modulation, co-evolutionary processes, and host–pathogen–microbiome interactions.

Traditionally, studies of host–pathogen dynamics focused on phenotypic traits and candidate genes. The advent of high-throughput sequencing and computational biology has transformed the field, enabling genome-wide analyses and discovery of novel genetic interactions that shape disease outcomes.

Recent advances include single-cell omics, CRISPR-based functional screens, and system biology approaches. These tools are providing deeper insights into complex traits and real-time evolutionary responses during infection.

We invite original research articles, reviews, and methodological papers that explore genetic mechanisms underlying host–pathogen interactions. Contributions addressing emerging infectious diseases or using innovative models and methods are particularly encouraged.

Dr. Transito Garcia-Garcia
Dr. Sara Zaldívar López
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • pathogen virulence factors
  • infection susceptibility
  • immune evasion
  • genomics of infectious diseases
  • host–pathogen co-evolution
  • host–pathogen dynamics
  • microbiome–host interactions
  • emerging infectious diseases
  • crispr and gene editing in host–pathogen studies
  • transcriptomics and gene expression profiling

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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12 pages, 1102 KB  
Article
Assessing the Effects of Trimethoprim on the Life History Traits of Anopheles stephensi
by Mathieu Zamy, Michael Futo and Bianca C. Burini
Genes 2026, 17(5), 507; https://doi.org/10.3390/genes17050507 - 25 Apr 2026
Viewed by 145
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Malaria remains a major global health burden, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, where the recent invasion and urban expansion of Anopheles stephensi are increasing transmission risk in densely populated areas. Conventional vector control strategies, including widespread insecticide application, are progressively losing efficacy due [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Malaria remains a major global health burden, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, where the recent invasion and urban expansion of Anopheles stephensi are increasing transmission risk in densely populated areas. Conventional vector control strategies, including widespread insecticide application, are progressively losing efficacy due to the rapid spread of resistance. These limitations have accelerated the development of genetic control approaches aimed at either suppressing vector populations or replacing them with genetically modified mosquitoes incapable of transmitting pathogens, with the shared objective of reducing disease transmission. For population suppression strategies, an essential component is a conditional regulatory system that enables precise control of toxic or otherwise deleterious effector proteins. The most widely used platform, the tetracycline-dependent (Tet) system, modulates gene expression in response to tetracycline. However, this system can exhibit leaky expression and variable regulation, which may compromise its reliability and limit its application in certain contexts. The dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) destabilization domain (DD) system, developed in Drosophila, offers an alternative strategy for post-translational control of protein stability. In this system, proteins fused to a destabilization domain are rapidly degraded unless stabilized by the small molecule trimethoprim (TMP), enabling tight and reversible control. In Drosophila and prior reports, this system has been associated with relatively low fitness costs, although such effects have not been systematically evaluated in mosquitoes. Before adapting this system for mosquito genetic control, it is therefore essential to assess the impact of TMP exposure on key life-history traits. Methods: Here, we assessed the effects of varying TMP concentrations on mosquito development, survival, and reproductive output. Results: Our results demonstrate that low concentrations of TMP exposure had no detectable effects on immature development, adult survival, or reproductive output under the conditions tested, supporting the implementation of the DHFR-DD system in mosquitoes. Importantly, these effects were dose-dependent, with moderate to high TMP concentrations producing measurable impacts on mosquito fitness. Conclusions: These findings provide a foundational step toward the development of more precise and reliable conditional expression systems for genetic vector control, advancing innovative strategies to mitigate malaria transmission in high-risk regions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Genetics of Host–Pathogen Interactions)
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Review

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25 pages, 868 KB  
Review
Factors Involved in Host Resilience to Enteric Infections in Pigs: Current Knowledge in Genetic, Immune, and Microbiota Determinants of Infection Resistance
by Alejandro Ucero-Carretón, Héctor Puente, Marie Ithurbide, Jordi Estellé, Ana Carvajal and Héctor Argüello
Genes 2026, 17(1), 67; https://doi.org/10.3390/genes17010067 - 6 Jan 2026
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Abstract
Enteric infections remain a major health and economic challenge in swine production, with outcomes determined not only by pathogen virulence but also by the complex interplay between host genetics, immune competence, and the intestinal microbiota. This review synthesises current knowledge on host–pathogen genomic [...] Read more.
Enteric infections remain a major health and economic challenge in swine production, with outcomes determined not only by pathogen virulence but also by the complex interplay between host genetics, immune competence, and the intestinal microbiota. This review synthesises current knowledge on host–pathogen genomic interactions in pigs, with a focus on resilience mechanisms against enteric diseases in swine. For this purpose, 103 articles were used as information sources, retrieved through structured keyword searches in PubMed. The review first addresses host genetic factors, highlighting genomic variants and quantitative trait loci associated with resistance or resilience to viral and bacterial pathogens such as porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus (PEDV) or Escherichia coli. Next, the key factors of the immune system to confer protection are also reviewed, emphasising the role of innate and adaptive responses in controlling each pathogen and disclosing the contribution of regulatory networks that balance pathogen clearance. Finally, the last section of the review is devoted to exploring current knowledge in the involvement of the microbiota in resilience against enteric pathogens, mostly, but not exclusively, enteric bacteria. In this sense, competitive exclusion is a concept which has gained attention in recent years. The review pinpoints and discusses the state of the art about how the microbial community provides colonisation resistance, shapes immune development, and influences pathogen fitness within the intestinal niche. As final perspectives, the review explores future drivers in the genetic immune and microbiota resistance. By bridging host genomic data with functional insights into immunity and microbial ecology, this review underscores the potential of multi-omics approaches to enhance resilience against enteric infections in pigs and advance sustainable swine health management. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Genetics of Host–Pathogen Interactions)
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