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Observations and Theory of Short GRBs at the Dawn of...
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Observations and Theory of Short GRBs at the Dawn of the Gravitational Wave Era

A special issue of Galaxies (ISSN 2075-4434).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 October 2018) | Viewed by 13292

Printed Edition Available!
A printed edition of this Special Issue is available here.

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Giulia Stratta

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Guest Editor
INAF-OAS Bologna, via Gobetti 93, 40129 Bologna, Italy
Interests: X-ray astronomy; gamma ray astronomy; gamma ray bursts; gravitational wave sources; X/gamma-ray instrumentation
Dr. Andrea Rossi

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Guest Editor
INAF-OAS Bologna, via Gobetti 93, 40129 Bologna, Italy
Interests: gamma-ray bursts; gravitational waves
Dr. Maria Giovanna Dainotti

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Guest Editor
1. Physics Department, Stanford University, Via Pueblo Mall 382, Stanford, CA, USA
2. INAF-OAS Bologna, via Gobetti 93, 40129 Bologna, Italy
3. Astronomical Observatory, Jagiellonian University, ul. Orla 171, 31-244 Krakòw, Poland
Interests: gamma-ray bursts; cosmology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

A new era of astronomy started in August 2017, with the simultaneous detection of a short GRB and a gravitational wave event, as the result of the coalescence of a binary neutron star system (GRB170817/GW170817, Abbott et al. 2017a). Moreover, a macronova/kilonova event related to the same progenitor was unprecedently observed over the entire optical/NIR spectral range and over an extended temporal period (Abbott et al. 2017b). Thus, this is the perfect timing for further investigating the origin of short GRBs, their observational properties and progenitor nature.

Some peculiar features of GRB170817 as its proximity (by far the nearest short GRB detected so far), its moderate/low photon flux, the lack of neutrinos detection, and the lack of a detection of a clear X-ray afterglow soon after the burst, are in favour of an observer line of sight slightly off-axis with respect to the GRB jet axis.

In this Special Issue, we aim to collect both original works and review papers on the properties of short GRBs (e.g., jet opening angles and structures, population density, host galaxies, on- and off-axis afterglows), enlightened by the recent GW170817/GRB170817 association and corroborated by the forthcoming new observational run of Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo in fall 2018.

Key topics are:

  • Detection rates of short GRBs with present and future missions
  • Observations of short GRBs, their afterglows, and those with extended emission
  • Estimations and measurements of short GRB energetics
  • Theory and simulations of short GRBs and their connection with observations
  • The host galaxies of short GRBs as probes of their progenitor properties
  • The immediate vs. long-term impact of short GRBs/GWs simultaneous observations
  • Kilonova and gravitational wave emissions as counterparts of short GRBs
  • Short GRB rate vs. star formation rate  

Dr. Giulia Stratta
Dr. Andrea Rossi
Dr. Maria Giovanna Dainotti
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Galaxies is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

 

References:

  1. Abbott, B.P.; Abbott, R.; Abbott, T.D.; Acernese, F.; Ackley, K.; Adams, C.; Adams, T.; Addesso, P.; Adhikari, R.X.; Adya, V.B. Gravitational Waves and Gamma-Rays from a Binary Neutron Star Merger: GW170817 and GRB 170817A. Astrophys. J. Lett. 2017, 848, L13.
  2. Abbott, B.P.; Abbott, R.; Abbott, T.D.; Acernese, F.; Ackley, K.; Adams, C.; Adams, T.; Addesso, P.; Adhikari, R.X.; Adya, V.B. Multi-messenger Observations of a Binary Neutron Star Merger. Astrophys. J. Lett. 2017, 848, L12.

Keywords

  • short Gamma-ray Bursts: physics, progenitors, host galaxies
  • gravitational waves
  • star formation rate
  • neutron star binary mergers
  • kilonovae

 

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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8 pages, 242 KiB  
Article
The Host Galaxies of Short GRBs as Probes of Their Progenitor Properties
by Massimiliano De Pasquale
Galaxies 2019, 7(1), 30; https://doi.org/10.3390/galaxies7010030 - 7 Feb 2019
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 3528
Abstract
We present and discuss the properties of host galaxies of short Gamma-ray Burst (SGRBs). In particular, we examine those observations that contribute to the understanding of the progenitor systems of these explosions. Most SGRB hosts are found to be star forming objects, but [...] Read more.
We present and discuss the properties of host galaxies of short Gamma-ray Burst (SGRBs). In particular, we examine those observations that contribute to the understanding of the progenitor systems of these explosions. Most SGRB hosts are found to be star forming objects, but an important fraction, ∼1/5, of all hosts are elliptical with negligible star formation. Short bursts often occur at very large off-sets from their hosts, in regions where there is little or no underlying host light. Such results have enabled the community to test and improve the models for the production of short GRBs. In particular, the data are in favour of the merger of compact object binaries, provided that the kick velocities from the birth site are a few tens of km/s, and merger times of ∼1 Gyr. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Observations and Theory of Short GRBs at the Dawn of the Gravitational Wave Era)
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10 pages, 465 KiB  
Article
Investigation of Similarity in the Spectra between Short- and Long-Duration Gamma-ray Bursts
by Takanori Sakamoto, Yuuki Yoshida and Motoko Serino
Galaxies 2018, 6(4), 106; https://doi.org/10.3390/galaxies6040106 - 3 Oct 2018
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2480
Abstract
We investigated the spectral properties of the prompt emission for short- and long-duration gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) using the Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor data. In particular, we focused on comparing the spectral properties of short GRBs and the initial 2 s of long GRBs, [...] Read more.
We investigated the spectral properties of the prompt emission for short- and long-duration gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) using the Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor data. In particular, we focused on comparing the spectral properties of short GRBs and the initial 2 s of long GRBs, motivated by the previous study of Ghirlanda et al. (2009). We confirmed the similarity in the low energy photon index α between short GRBs and the initial 2 s of long GRBs. Since about a quarter of our spectra of both short GRBs and the initial 2 s of long GRBs show α to be shallower than - 2 / 3 , it is difficult to understand in the context standard synchrotron emission. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Observations and Theory of Short GRBs at the Dawn of the Gravitational Wave Era)
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8 pages, 4295 KiB  
Article
Reverse Shock Emission from Short GRBs
by Nicole Lloyd-Ronning
Galaxies 2018, 6(4), 103; https://doi.org/10.3390/galaxies6040103 - 28 Sep 2018
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 2691
Abstract
We investigate the expected radio emission from the reverse shock of short GRBs, using the fitted afterglow parameters. In light of recent results suggesting that in some cases the radio afterglow is due to emission from the reverse shock, we examine the extent [...] Read more.
We investigate the expected radio emission from the reverse shock of short GRBs, using the fitted afterglow parameters. In light of recent results suggesting that in some cases the radio afterglow is due to emission from the reverse shock, we examine the extent to which this component is detectable for short GRBs. In some GRBs, the standard synchrotron shock model predicts detectable radio emission from the reverse shock when none was seen. Many physical parameters play a role in these estimates, and our results highlight the need to explore the fundamental processes involved in GRB particle acceleration and emission more deeply. However, with a more rapid follow-up, we can test our standard model of GRBs, which predicts an early, radio bright reverse shock in many cases. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Observations and Theory of Short GRBs at the Dawn of the Gravitational Wave Era)
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Review

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32 pages, 6723 KiB  
Review
Binary Neutron Star and Short Gamma-Ray Burst Simulations in Light of GW170817
by Antonios Nathanail
Galaxies 2018, 6(4), 119; https://doi.org/10.3390/galaxies6040119 - 19 Nov 2018
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 3951
Abstract
In the dawn of the multi-messenger era of gravitational wave astronomy, which was marked by the first ever coincident detection of gravitational waves and electromagnetic radiation, it is important to take a step back and consider our current established knowledge. Numerical simulations of [...] Read more.
In the dawn of the multi-messenger era of gravitational wave astronomy, which was marked by the first ever coincident detection of gravitational waves and electromagnetic radiation, it is important to take a step back and consider our current established knowledge. Numerical simulations of binary neutron star mergers and simulations of short GRB jets must combine efforts to understand such complicated and phenomenologically rich explosions. We review the status of numerical relativity simulations with respect to any jet or magnetized outflow produced after merger. We compare what is known from such simulations with what is used and obtained from short GRB jet simulations propagating through the BNS ejecta. We then review the established facts on this topic, as well as discuss things that need to be revised and further clarified. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Observations and Theory of Short GRBs at the Dawn of the Gravitational Wave Era)
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