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Uncertainty-Aware Feature Learning and Anomaly Detection for Unlabeled Complex Data

A special issue of Entropy (ISSN 1099-4300). This special issue belongs to the section "Multidisciplinary Applications".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 17 August 2026 | Viewed by 970

Editors

College of Computer Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
Interests: uncertainty artificial intelligence; granular computing; feature selection; anomaly detection; unsupervised learning

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Guest Editor
College of Computer and Information Science, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China
Interests: granular computing; uncertain information processing; fuzzy sets; continual learning; machine learning

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Guest Editor
School of Computer, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, China
Interests: feature selection; granular computing; graph learning; information fusion; rough set; uncertainty analysis
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The exponential growth of unlabeled complex data in fields such as the IoT, cybersecurity, and healthcare poses significant challenges to intelligent data analytics. Inherent uncertainty (e.g., noise, ambiguity, and incompleteness) in such data severely degrades the performance of traditional feature learning and anomaly detection methods, which often rely on labeled data or ignore uncertainty quantification.

This Special Issue focuses on advancing uncertainty-aware methodologies for unlabeled complex data. It aims to garner cutting-edge research integrating feature learning, uncertainty modeling, and anomaly detection, with an emphasis on innovative frameworks such as granular computing, self-supervised learning, and unsupervised uncertainty quantification.

We welcome original works on theoretical breakthroughs, algorithm innovations, and practical applications to address the gaps between uncertainty handling, discriminative feature extraction, and robust anomaly identification, thereby promoting interdisciplinary progress in this field.

Dr. Zhong Yuan
Dr. Binbin Sang
Dr. Keyu Liu
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • uncertainty modeling
  • uncertain information processing
  • feature selection
  • anomaly/outlier detection
  • granular computing
  • rough sets
  • fuzzy sets
  • entropy
  • high-dimensional data
  • representation learning

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

32 pages, 6350 KB  
Article
Mixed Forecast of Air Quality Index with a Bibranch Parallel Architecture Considering Seasonal Heterogeneity
by Huibin Zeng, Ying Liu, Hongbin Dai, Xue Zhao and Ning Tian
Entropy 2026, 28(4), 419; https://doi.org/10.3390/e28040419 - 9 Apr 2026
Viewed by 477
Abstract
Accurate prediction of the air quality index (AQI) is crucial for understanding urban pollution dynamics and protecting public health. This study proposes a dual-branch fusion framework (CL-XGB-Season) to address seasonal heterogeneity in AQI prediction by integrating temporal dynamic features and static patterns. The [...] Read more.
Accurate prediction of the air quality index (AQI) is crucial for understanding urban pollution dynamics and protecting public health. This study proposes a dual-branch fusion framework (CL-XGB-Season) to address seasonal heterogeneity in AQI prediction by integrating temporal dynamic features and static patterns. The CNN-LSTM branch captures short-term temporal fluctuations, while a seasonally split XGBoost branch fits long-term static patterns via independent submodels for spring, summer, autumn, and winter. SHAP-based interpretability analysis revealed the dominant drivers across different seasons: the “temperature × O3” interaction feature plays a key role in summer, characterizing the ozone formation mechanism dominated by photochemical reactions under conditions of high temperature and strong solar radiation; whereas the PM2.5/PM10 ratio is crucial in winter (where pollution is primarily driven by pollutant accumulation). The dual-branch fusion framework was validated using hourly resolution data from Chongqing for the 2020–2025 period. Results indicate that the framework achieved a prediction accuracy of 0.197 root mean square error (nRMSE) and 0.9611 coefficient of determination (R2) on the test set, outperforming eight ablation variants and five baseline models (ARIMA, Transformer, etc.) in comparative experiments. Ablation studies confirm the necessity of dual branches and seasonal modeling, with the full model reducing nRMSE by 19–63% versus single-model variants. This framework maintains stable seasonal performance and provides actionable insights for targeted air quality management. Full article
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