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Network-Based Machine Learning Approaches in Bioinformatics

A special issue of Entropy (ISSN 1099-4300). This special issue belongs to the section "Entropy and Biology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (8 February 2026) | Viewed by 2472

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Control Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
Interests: bioinformatics; computational biology; systems biomedicine; machine learning
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The exploration of intricate biological networks has emerged as a novel paradigm for elucidating molecular functions on a systematic scale. The endeavor to model and dissect the intrinsic, dynamic, and structural attributes of these networks from a topological standpoint stands as a pivotal concern in contemporary bioinformatics and biomedical informatics research. However, this endeavor is fraught with challenges stemming from the vast scope and intricate connectivity of biological networks, underpinned by massive datasets. Notable instances encompass metabolic networks, gene regulatory networks (GRNs), RNA interaction networks, protein–protein interactions (PPIs), and their myriad intersections with drugs and diseases.

In the realm of bioinformatics, a diverse array of graph-theoretic computational methodologies has been deployed to facilitate the meticulous analysis of these large-scale, multifaceted biological networks. Furthermore, the integration of these approaches with other big data modalities promises to bolster the robustness of network modeling and enhance the precision of network analysis. Such endeavors hold immense promise for diverse biomedical applications, including precision medicine and drug repositioning.

This Special Issue serves as a theme of collection for discussing the cutting-edge methodologies pertaining to biological and biomedical network analysis. It lends special emphasis to network-based machine learning approaches, which harness the interconnectedness of biological entities to derive insights into their functions and interactions. This Special Issue will delve into the nuances of these approaches, emphasizing their application in unraveling the complexities of biomolecular networks. Furthermore, it will underscore the importance of comparing the efficacy of different methodologies in addressing these biological queries.

The topics covered in this Special Issue are as follows:

  1. Network-based machine learning for biological systems;
  2. Entropy-based network analysis;
  3. Gene regulatory network (GRN) analysis using network-based learning;
  4. RNA interaction network;
  5. Protein–protein interaction (PPI) network;
  6. Network modeling and link prediction;
  7. Function prediction in biological networks;
  8. Pathway discovery through network analysis;
  9. Network dynamics and evolution;
  10. Graph data mining algorithms in bioinformatics;
  11. Network biology for complex diseases;
  12. Biomedical applications of network analysis.

This Special Issue aims to foster a comprehensive understanding of network-based machine learning approaches in bioinformatics, promoting the exchange of ideas, methodologies, and applications across the scientific community. It invites contributions from researchers and practitioners working at the forefront of this exciting and rapidly evolving field.

Prof. Dr. Zhi-Ping Liu
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Entropy is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • networks
  • machine learning
  • bioinformatics
  • systems biomedicine
  • deep learning
  • graph neural networks
  • biomolecular interactions
  • biomarker discovery
  • context-specific pathways in diseases

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

20 pages, 777 KB  
Article
GTsurvival: A Hybrid GCN-Neural Decision Tree Model for Restricted Mean Survival Time Prediction with Complex Censored Data
by Jingyi Zhang, Shishun Zhao, Dongmei Lu and Jianhua Cheng
Entropy 2026, 28(1), 28; https://doi.org/10.3390/e28010028 - 25 Dec 2025
Viewed by 448
Abstract
Chronic diseases, particularly those with progressive neurological impairment, present a significant challenge in healthcare due to their impact on millions globally and the limited availability of effective therapies. Addressing this challenge requires innovative approaches, such as leveraging individuals’ genetic features for early intervention [...] Read more.
Chronic diseases, particularly those with progressive neurological impairment, present a significant challenge in healthcare due to their impact on millions globally and the limited availability of effective therapies. Addressing this challenge requires innovative approaches, such as leveraging individuals’ genetic features for early intervention and treatment strategies. Due to the irregular intervals of patient visits, clinical data typically appear as censored, necessitating advanced analytical methods. Thus, this study introduces GTsurvival, a novel network architecture that combines graph convolutional networks (GCN) with a neural decision tree, providing promising advancements in disease prediction. GTsurvival utilizes restricted mean survival time (RMST) as pseudo-observations and directly connects them with baseline variables. Through the joint simulation of RMST, GTsurvival can effectively utilize shared information and enhance its predictive ability for patients’ future survival status. Firstly, GTsurvival is introduced to handle complex censored data, emphasizing the crucial role of graphs utilized in GCNs for processing related information among samples. Secondly, the neural decision tree within GTsurvival enhances decision-making by mitigating uncertainty at split nodes, effectively minimizing the global loss function and optimizing survival analysis in high-dimensional datasets. Thirdly, evaluations on simulated datasets and a real-world neurodegenerative disease cohort verify that the proposed GTsurvival method surpasses existing approaches. This superiority is partly attributed to the inclusion of a generalized score test during feature selection, which helps capture variants associated with disease progression. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Network-Based Machine Learning Approaches in Bioinformatics)
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18 pages, 6003 KB  
Article
A Graph Contrastive Learning Method for Enhancing Genome Recovery in Complex Microbial Communities
by Guo Wei and Yan Liu
Entropy 2025, 27(9), 921; https://doi.org/10.3390/e27090921 - 31 Aug 2025
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1375
Abstract
Accurate genome binning is essential for resolving microbial community structure and functional potential from metagenomic data. However, existing approaches—primarily reliant on tetranucleotide frequency (TNF) and abundance profiles—often perform sub-optimally in the face of complex community compositions, low-abundance taxa, and long-read sequencing datasets. To [...] Read more.
Accurate genome binning is essential for resolving microbial community structure and functional potential from metagenomic data. However, existing approaches—primarily reliant on tetranucleotide frequency (TNF) and abundance profiles—often perform sub-optimally in the face of complex community compositions, low-abundance taxa, and long-read sequencing datasets. To address these limitations, we present MBGCCA, a novel metagenomic binning framework that synergistically integrates graph neural networks (GNNs), contrastive learning, and information-theoretic regularization to enhance binning accuracy, robustness, and biological coherence. MBGCCA operates in two stages: (1) multimodal information integration, where TNF and abundance profiles are fused via a deep neural network trained using a multi-view contrastive loss, and (2) self-supervised graph representation learning, which leverages assembly graph topology to refine contig embeddings. The contrastive learning objective follows the InfoMax principle by maximizing mutual information across augmented views and modalities, encouraging the model to extract globally consistent and high-information representations. By aligning perturbed graph views while preserving topological structure, MBGCCA effectively captures both global genomic characteristics and local contig relationships. Comprehensive evaluations using both synthetic and real-world datasets—including wastewater and soil microbiomes—demonstrate that MBGCCA consistently outperforms state-of-the-art binning methods, particularly in challenging scenarios marked by sparse data and high community complexity. These results highlight the value of entropy-aware, topology-preserving learning for advancing metagenomic genome reconstruction. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Network-Based Machine Learning Approaches in Bioinformatics)
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