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Applications of Advanced Control and Artificial Intelligence in Smart Grids

A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "A1: Smart Grids and Microgrids".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 25 December 2025 | Viewed by 613

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Civil Engineering, Energy, Environment and Materials (DICEAM), Mediterranea University of Reggio Calabria, Via Zehender, I-89122 Reggio Calabria, Italy
Interests: electrical engineering; micro- and smart grids; engineering application of artificial intelligence; smart energy; non-destructive testing
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Guest Editor
Faculty of Engineering, University of Rijeka, Vukovarska 58, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
Interests: electrical engineering; application of artificial intelligence in power systems; photovoltaic power production estimation; smart grid technologies; impact of conventional and renewable energy sources and energy storage facilities on the distribution grid

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Smart grids are a revolutionary innovation in the field of power systems, marking a new phase of development in the power industry. This means that infrastructure built for traditional power systems will need to be significantly modified to meet the requirements of smart grids. Additionally, the rapid development of renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind power, means that power systems must be able to effectively integrate these decentralised sources. Therefore, smart grids require intelligent power scheduling and management capabilities to balance energy supply and demand, ensuring the stable operation of the power system.

This Special Issue aims to present and disseminate the most recent advances related to the theory, design, modelling, application and control of smart grids.

Topics of interest for publication include engineering applications based on advanced methods and/or modern AI approaches related to (but are not limited to) the following areas:

  • Smart grids optimisation and stability
  • Integration of renewable energy sources and storage units in smart grids
  • Power electronic converters in micro-grid environment
  • Telecommunication technologies in smart grids
  • Distributed generation and interconnection of alternative energy sources
  • Power management systems and energy market
  • Forecasting of renewable energy sources, loads, and electricity prices
  • Predictive maintenance and asset management
  • Increasing penetration levels of renewable energy sources

Dr. Fabio La Foresta
Dr. Dubravko Franković
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Energies is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • smart- and micro-grids control
  • renewable energy integration
  • storage systems, distributed generation
  • monitoring and fault diagnostics
  • grid resilience
  • intelligent power systems
  • energy forecasting
  • power quality
  • energy market scenario

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

40 pages, 4425 KB  
Article
Enhancing Power Quality and Reducing Costs in Hybrid AC/DC Microgrids via Fuzzy EMS
by Danilo Pratticò, Filippo Laganà, Mario Versaci, Dubravko Franković, Alen Jakoplić, Saša Vlahinić and Fabio La Foresta
Energies 2025, 18(22), 5985; https://doi.org/10.3390/en18225985 - 14 Nov 2025
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Abstract
The rapid growth of renewable energy integration in modern power systems brings new challenges in terms of stability and quality of electricity supply. Hybrid AC/DC microgrids represent a promising solution to integrate photovoltaic panels (PV), wind turbines, fuel cells, and storage units with [...] Read more.
The rapid growth of renewable energy integration in modern power systems brings new challenges in terms of stability and quality of electricity supply. Hybrid AC/DC microgrids represent a promising solution to integrate photovoltaic panels (PV), wind turbines, fuel cells, and storage units with flexibility and efficiency. However, maintaining adequate power quality (PQ) under variable conditions of generation, load, and grid connection remains a critical issue. This paper presents the modelling, implementation, and validation of a hybrid AC/DC microgrid equipped with a fuzzy-logic-based energy management system (EMS). The study combines PQ assessment, measurement architecture, and supervisory control for technical compliance and economic efficiency. The microgrid integrates a combination of PV array, wind turbine, proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), battery storage system, and heterogeneous AC/DC loads, all modelled in MATLAB/Simulink using a physical-network approach. The fuzzy EMS coordinates distributed energy resources by considering power imbalance, battery state of charge (SOC), and dynamic tariffs. Results demonstrate that the proposed controller maintains PQ indices within IEC/IEEE standards while eliminating short-term continuity events. The proposed EMS prevents harmful deep battery cycles, maintaining SOC within 30–90%, and optimises fuel cell activation, reducing hydrogen consumption by 14%. Economically, daily operating costs decrease by 10–15%, grid imports are reduced by 18%, and renewable self-consumption increases by approximately 16%. These findings confirm that fuzzy logic provides an effective, computationally light, and uncertainty-resilient solution for hybrid AC/DC microgrid EMS, balancing technical reliability with economic optimisation. Future work will extend the framework toward predictive algorithms, reactive power management, and hardware-in-the-loop validation for real-world deployment. Full article
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