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EMC Issues and EMF Exposure in Wireless Power Transfer Systems for e-Mobility

A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "F1: Electrical Power System".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (29 April 2024) | Viewed by 1773

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Industrial and Information Engineering and Economics, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
Interests: wireless power transfer (WPT); electromagnetic compatibility (EMC); electromagnetic field (EMF) safety; computational electromagnetics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Department of Industrial and Information Engineering and Economics, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
Interests: wireless power transfer; bioelectromagnetics; electromagnetic compatibility
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Department of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
Interests: electromagnetics; computational electromagnetics; RF circuit simulation; electromagnetic compatibility

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) technology will play an important role in the near future for the growth of electric mobility. This technology basically allows the transmission of electrical energy from a power source to an electrical vehicle (EV) across an air gap without using any galvanic connection. The advantages of adopting this technology compared to the normal plug connection are evident: safer as there are no cables that the user has to connect to the vehicle; more comfortable as there are no requested operations by the user. Currently, the most widespread systems are based on stationary wireless charging systems for the onboard battery. In stationary WPT the EV can only be recharged when it is parked. Many researches and studies are increasingly aimed at developing a dynamic WPT system that allows battery recharging while the vehicle is moving over an electrified road. Stationary and dynamic WPT systems based on inductive coupling are an intentional source of strong magnetic fields in the environment, which can pose a risk to the health of exposed people and to the proper functioning of road and vehicle electronic systems, including cardiac implanted electronic devices (CIEDs) worn by passengers and nearby pedestrians. Therefore, one of the major challenges for a large deployment of WPT systems is to address the issues of EMC, EMF, and EMI in CIEDs. This special issue focuses on algorithms, models, methods, technologies, standards, and applications for the characterization and mitigation of the electromagnetic field emission produced by stationary and dynamic WPT systems for e-mobility. The assessment of compliance with EMC, EMF, and CIED standards is also a central theme of the topics.  Potential topics include, but are not limited to, power electronics, power quality, EMC/EMI, shielding,  radiated and conducted emission, implanted medical devices, EMF safety, and dosimetry analysis.

Prof. Dr. Mauro Feliziani
Dr. Tommaso Campi
Prof. Dr. Francescaromana Maradei
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • cardiac implanted electronic device (CIED) (immunity)
  • conducted emission
  • dosimetry
  • electric vehicle (EV)
  • e-mobility
  • electromagnetic compatibility (EMC)
  • electromagnetic field (EMF) safety
  • implanted medical device (IMD) (immunity)
  • inductive power transfer (IPT)
  • magnetic field
  • power electronics
  • power quality
  • radiated emission
  • shielding
  • standardization
  • wireless power transfer (WPT)

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

17 pages, 43795 KiB  
Article
Electromagnetic Interference in Cardiac Implantable Electronic Devices Due to Dynamic Wireless Power Systems for Electric Vehicles
by Tommaso Campi, Silvano Cruciani, Francesca Maradei and Mauro Feliziani
Energies 2023, 16(9), 3822; https://doi.org/10.3390/en16093822 - 29 Apr 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1315
Abstract
Electric vehicles (EV) are now considered the present and future of road transportation to reduce the emission of CO2 into the environment and thus progressively reduce global warming and climate change. However, EVs currently have some weaknesses such as the available range [...] Read more.
Electric vehicles (EV) are now considered the present and future of road transportation to reduce the emission of CO2 into the environment and thus progressively reduce global warming and climate change. However, EVs currently have some weaknesses such as the available range of battery-powered EVs and the recharging time of the batteries. To overcome these problems, some electrification projects have been proposed for road transportation such as the dynamic wireless power transfer (DWPT), where an EV charges as it moves along an electrified lane using magneto-resonant coupling between short tracks mounted on the road pavement and the vehicle’s onboard pickup coils. While the results are encouraging from an electrical point of view, there is concern regarding the magnetic field in the environment produced by the DWPT coils, which can produce adverse health effects in humans and electromagnetic interference (EMI) in electronic devices. The latter also includes implantable medical devices (IMDs) and in particular cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs), which may be present among vehicle passengers and pedestrians in areas surrounding the vehicle. The aim of this study is the numerical analysis of the EMI produced by a DWPT system in CIEDs with leads such as pacemakers, implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs), etc. EMI is mainly produced by the incident magnetic field and the induced voltage at the input port of a CIED; therefore, in this work the magnetic field levels produced by a DWPT system operating at 85 kHz are calculated first, then the voltage at the input port of a pacemaker is evaluated as that produced by the magnetic field incident on the loop surface formed by a lead implanted in the venous system. According to ISO 14117 standard, it is assumed that the lead loop is planar, semicircular in shape and with an area equal to 225 cm2. Since the lead can be placed anywhere where a human can be and with any orientation, an innovative and sophisticated roto-translation algorithm is proposed to find the maximum value of the peak-to-peak induced loop voltage in the most critical regions inside the vehicle cabin and beside the vehicle near the DWPT coils. The preliminary results obtained show that there is no EMI risk inside the vehicle for the passengers with CIEDs, while some concern for pedestrians is due to the induced voltage at the input port of a CIED with unipolar leads which can exceed the ISO 14117 limit in the region next to the vehicle. Full article
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