Scorpion Ecology and Biodiversity

A special issue of Diversity (ISSN 1424-2818). This special issue belongs to the section "Animal Diversity".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 May 2026 | Viewed by 1742

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Colección Nacional de Arácnidos, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyocán 04510, Mexico
Interests: arachnid; scorpion; macroecology; conservation; ethology; species diversity

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Guest Editor
Laboratory for Valorization and Conservation of Arid Ecosystems (LVCEA), Faculty of Sciences of Nature and Life and Sciences of the Earth and the Universe, University of Ghardaïa, Ghardaïa 47000, Algeria
Interests: scorpions; zoology; ecology; biodiversity; taxonomy

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The order Scorpiones is a fascinating and widely distributed arachnid group found on nearly every continent except the polar regions. Currently, about 2200 species are recognized, distributed across approximately 23 families, with many species yet to be described. Scorpions play important ecological roles as predators in various terrestrial ecosystems, contributing to the balance of food webs. Moreover, their ability to adapt to extreme environments, along with their morphological and behavioral diversity, makes them a key group for evolutionary and ecological studies.

This Special Issue invites studies on scorpion biodiversity, evolution, ecology, and conservation, addressing, but not limited to, the following:

  • Taxonomy and phylogeny: hidden diversity and evolutionary relationships.
  • Ecological roles: predator–prey dynamics and ecosystem impacts.
  • Adaptations: venom, behavior, and resilience to environmental stress.
  • Conservation: threats from habitat loss, climate change, and trade.

We welcome original research and reviews that advance our understanding of this unique group amid global biodiversity challenges.

Dr. André F. A. Lira
Dr. Salah Eddine Sadine
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • scorpion biodiversity
  • scorpion ecology
  • arachnid evolution
  • venom adaptation
  • extreme environment adaptation
  • phylogenetic systematics
  • predator–prey dynamics
  • conservation biogeography
  • anthropogenic threats
  • ecological niche modeling

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

16 pages, 11688 KB  
Article
A New Species of the Medically Important Scorpion Genus Hemiscorpius Peters, 1861 (Hemiscorpiidae Pocock, 1893) from Kurdistan, Iraq
by Fenik Sherzad Hussen, Helin Sabir Kadir, Ayoub Ibrahim Ahmed and Lorenzo Prendini
Diversity 2026, 18(2), 121; https://doi.org/10.3390/d18020121 - 14 Feb 2026
Viewed by 480
Abstract
The scorpion genus Hemiscorpius Peters, 1861 is renowned for its medically important species, particularly Hemiscorpius lepturus Peters, 1861, the type species of the genus and only species previously recorded in Iraq. However, the scorpion diversity of the rugged, arid landscapes of the Kurdistan [...] Read more.
The scorpion genus Hemiscorpius Peters, 1861 is renowned for its medically important species, particularly Hemiscorpius lepturus Peters, 1861, the type species of the genus and only species previously recorded in Iraq. However, the scorpion diversity of the rugged, arid landscapes of the Kurdistan Region, especially Erbil Governorate, in northern Iraq, remains largely unknown. Extensive fieldwork in Erbil Province in 2024 resulted in the discovery of a previously unknown species, described herein as Hemiscorpius kurdistanus sp. n. The Halgurd-Sakran Mountains in the Bradost Region, to which it appears to be endemic, probably played a role in its speciation, providing a barrier that contributed to geographical isolation. The new discovery supports the hypothesis that Kurdistan represents an area of endemism for arthropods due to its isolation and unique environmental conditions. The addition of a new, potentially medically important scorpion species to the Iraqi fauna emphasizes the need for continued studies on the systematics of Hemiscorpius and other scorpion taxa as well as updated public health awareness and envenomation management strategies across the Middle East. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Scorpion Ecology and Biodiversity)
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