Biodiversity of Urban Ecosystems in the Global South: Challenges and Conservation

A special issue of Diversity (ISSN 1424-2818). This special issue belongs to the section "Biodiversity Conservation".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 July 2025 | Viewed by 567

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Laboratory of Plant Ecology, U. E. Penedo, Campus Arapiraca, Federal University of Alagoas, Penedo 57200-000, Alagoas, Brazil
Interests: plant ecology and evolution; aquatic macrophytes; plant-environment relationships; plant-animal interactions; mangrove forest

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Laboratório de Sistemática e Diversidade de Artrópodes, Unidade Educacional Penedo, Campus Arapiraca, Federal University of Alagoas, Penedo 57200-000, Alagoas, Brazil
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Department of Ecology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão 49107-230, Sergipe, Brazil
Interests: aquatic insects; dragonflies; ants; insect-plant interactions; herbivory

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Urban ecosystems in the Global South are characterized by substantial biodiversity, yet they remain inadequately studied and increasingly vulnerable to the pressures of rapid urbanization and environmental change. These areas support unique species assemblages that have adapted to urban challenges, including habitat fragmentation, pollution, and climate change. Despite their ecological significance, the persistence of endemic and rare species is threatened by unregulated urban development.

This Special Issue seeks to compile both review and original research articles that comprehensively investigate the ecological dynamics and species interactions within urban ecosystems of the Global South. We stress the necessity of incorporating ecological analyses that examine the complex interrelations among species, the impacts of habitat loss, and the valuation of ecosystem services. Furthermore, research that evaluates the role of green infrastructure in mitigating biodiversity loss and enhancing ecological resilience in these urban settings is highly encouraged. Through this focus, we aim to illuminate the biological importance of urban ecosystems in the Global South and to provide actionable strategies for sustainable urban planning and biodiversity conservation.

Dr. Guilherme Demetrio
Dr. Kim Ribeiro Barão
Prof. Dr. Jean Carlos Santos
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • green infrastructure
  • habitat fragmentation
  • urban biodiversity
  • urban conservation

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

20 pages, 3788 KiB  
Article
Carbon Stock Estimation and Human Disturbance in Selected Urban Un-Conserved Forests in Entoto Mountain Forest, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
by Lemlem Wondwossen Solomon, Noppol Arunrat, Thamarat Phutthai, Worachart Wisawapipat, Sukanya Sereenonchai and Ryusuke Hatano
Diversity 2025, 17(4), 225; https://doi.org/10.3390/d17040225 - 24 Mar 2025
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Abstract
Urban forests are crucial for biodiversity and climate resilience. This study investigated the impact of human disturbances on carbon (C) stocks in un-conserved forests of Entoto Mountain, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, focusing on forest structure: important value index (IVI), species diversity (H’), regeneration pattern [...] Read more.
Urban forests are crucial for biodiversity and climate resilience. This study investigated the impact of human disturbances on carbon (C) stocks in un-conserved forests of Entoto Mountain, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, focusing on forest structure: important value index (IVI), species diversity (H’), regeneration pattern status, and C storage in aboveground biomass (AGB), belowground biomass (BGB), litter biomass (LB), and soil. Field data were collected from 35 quadrats across two altitudes, and human disturbances were observed, including firewood collection, tree cutting, soil excavation, and road and infrastructure inside the sample plot. Results indicate low species diversity dominated by Eucalyptus globulus Labill and Juniperus procera Hoechst. Ex Endl., with fair regeneration. Higher altitudes showed greater measured C stock (572.62 tC ha−1) than lower altitudes (495.03 tC ha−1), attributed to larger trees. C values in the upper altitude for AGB, BGB, LB, and soil (0–30 cm) were higher than at lower altitudes. The IVI showed a significant positive correlation with C in aboveground biomass, C in belowground biomass, and total C stock, whereas H’ also showed a significant (p < 0.05) positive correlation with the total number of trees. It is concluded that forest structures contribute to the C stock of this area. Given the importance of the un-conserved Entoto Mountain forest, it is recommended to prioritize the conservation of old-growth forest species in the area, as they demonstrate the highest capacity for C accumulation. Full article
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