Advances of Flood Risk Assessment and Management

A special issue of Climate (ISSN 2225-1154).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2024 | Viewed by 10595

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Interuniversity Department of Regional and Urban Studies and Planning (DIST), Polytechnic University of Turin, Viale Mattioli 39, 10125 Turin, Italy
Interests: meteorology; hydrology; marine engineering; marine navigation
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Flooding represents one of the most devastating and recurring natural disasters globally, with increasing frequency and severity attributed to climate change and urbanization. Effective flood risk assessment and management are essential components of disaster management and sustainable development. This Special Issue explores diverse aspects of flood risk assessment and management, enhancing our understanding of flood dynamics and informing policy and practice for more resilient and sustainable communities.

The aim of this Special Issue is to provide a comprehensive platform for researchers, practitioners, and policymakers to share their latest research findings, methodologies, and practical solutions in flood risk assessment and management.

We invite contributions to this Special Issue that cover a wide range of themes related to the advancements in flood risk assessment and management. Suggested themes and article types for submissions include the following:

  1. Innovative flood risk assessment methods: discussing novel approaches, data sources, and technologies for assessing flood risk, including remote sensing, modeling, and data analytics;
  2. Flood hazard mapping and vulnerability assessment: focusing on the development of accurate flood hazard maps and vulnerability assessments, incorporating socio-economic and environmental factors;
  3. Flood risk management strategies: highlighting effective flood risk management strategies, including structural and non-structural measures, community-based approaches, and policy recommendations;
  4. Climate change adaptation and resilience building: adapting to changing climate patterns and building resilience to floods, considering future scenarios and long-term planning;
  5. Review and synthesis papers: comprehensive reviews and synthesis articles that provide an overview of the current state of flood risk assessment and management, highlighting key challenges and future directions.

By addressing these themes, this Special Issue aims to foster collaboration, innovation, and knowledge exchange among researchers, practitioners, and policymakers, ultimately contributing to more effective flood risk assessment and management for resilient and sustainable communities.

Dr. Alessandro Pezzoli
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • climate change
  • flood risk assessment
  • flood management strategies
  • rural vulnerability
  • hydrological conditions
  • risk treatment efficiency
  • flood risk management
  • public participation in disaster risk reduction
  • climate scenarios

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

Jump to: Review

18 pages, 5713 KiB  
Article
Comparative Trend Analysis of Precipitation Indices in Several Towns of the Sirba River Catchment (Burkina Faso) from CHIRPS and TAMSAT Rainfall Estimates
by Giorgio Cannella, Alessandro Pezzoli and Maurizio Tiepolo
Climate 2024, 12(12), 208; https://doi.org/10.3390/cli12120208 - 4 Dec 2024
Viewed by 516
Abstract
The increasingly frequent pluvial flood of West African urban settlements indicates the need to investigate the drivers of local rainfall changes. However, meteorological stations are few, unevenly distributed, and work irregularly. Daily satellite rainfall datasets can be used. Nevertheless, these products often need [...] Read more.
The increasingly frequent pluvial flood of West African urban settlements indicates the need to investigate the drivers of local rainfall changes. However, meteorological stations are few, unevenly distributed, and work irregularly. Daily satellite rainfall datasets can be used. Nevertheless, these products often need to be more accurate due to sensor errors and limitations in retrieval algorithms. The problem is, therefore, how to characterize rainfall where there is a need for ground-based rainfall records or incomplete series. This study aims to characterize urban rainfall using two satellite datasets. The analysis was carried out in the Sirba river catchment, Burkina Faso, using the Climate Hazards Group InfraRed Precipitation with Station data (CHIRPS) and the Tropical Applications of Meteorology using SATellite and ground-based data (TAMSAT) datasets. Ten indices from the Expert Team on Climate Change Detection and Indices (ETCCDI) of precipitation were calculated, and their statistical trends were evaluated from 1983 to 2023. The study introduces two key innovations: a comparative analysis of precipitation trends using two satellite datasets and applying this analysis to towns within a previously understudied 39,138 km2 catchment area that is frequently flooded. Both datasets agree on the increase of (i) annual cumulative rainfall over all towns, (ii) five-day maximum rainfall over the town of Manni, (iii) rainfall due to very wet days in Gayéri, (iv) days of heavy rainfall in Bogandé, Manni and Yalgho, and (v) days of very heavy rainfall in Yalgho. These findings suggest the need for targeted pluvial flood prevention measures in towns with increasing trends in heavy rainfall. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances of Flood Risk Assessment and Management)
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17 pages, 1550 KiB  
Article
Developing an Audit Framework for Local Flood Risk Management Strategies: Is Increasing Surface Water Flood Risk in England Being Adequately Managed?
by Andrew Russell, Adam James McCue and Aakash Dipak Patel
Climate 2024, 12(7), 106; https://doi.org/10.3390/cli12070106 - 18 Jul 2024
Viewed by 1063
Abstract
Here, we investigate whether England’s 152 local flood risk management strategies (LFRMSs) satisfy minimal legislative criteria and address the growing surface water flood (SWF) risk caused by climate change. A systematic audit was used to assess the alignment of the LFRMSs with national [...] Read more.
Here, we investigate whether England’s 152 local flood risk management strategies (LFRMSs) satisfy minimal legislative criteria and address the growing surface water flood (SWF) risk caused by climate change. A systematic audit was used to assess the alignment of the LFRMSs with national climate change legislation and other relevant national strategies. An objective method to identify inclusion of a range of factors that good strategies should include was applied. LFRMSs are mostly meeting their minimum statutory requirements. However, there is a widespread issue across most LFRMSs regarding inadequate consideration of increasing SWF risk from climate changes, which highlights the need for enhanced LFRMSs by improved planning and climate change adaptation plans. There is some evidence of good practice within the LFRMS portfolio, which is discussed in the context of the ongoing LFRMS update process. Beyond England, there are implications for developing FRM processes at a local level that can be objectively assessed against national requirements. Communities in England face inadequately managed SWF risk in the future because of the range in plan quality across the LFRMSs. This research contributes to the ongoing examination of the full suite of 152 LFRMSs and, therefore, builds towards a complete assessment of the SWF management approach in England. This will help inform local climate change adaptation strategies that cater to the escalating threat of SWF due to climate change. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances of Flood Risk Assessment and Management)
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21 pages, 7895 KiB  
Article
Simulating Climatic Patterns and Their Impacts on the Food Security Stability System in Jammu, Kashmir and Adjoining Regions, India
by Aaqib Ashraf Bhat, Saurabh Kumar Gupta, Suraj Kumar Singh, Gowhar Meraj, Pankaj Kumar, Shruti Kanga, Saurabh Singh and Bhartendu Sajan
Climate 2024, 12(7), 99; https://doi.org/10.3390/cli12070099 - 7 Jul 2024
Viewed by 1856
Abstract
This study investigated the historical climate data and future projections under the SSP5-8.5 scenario for Jammu, Kashmir (J&K), and its adjoining regions in India. Agriculture is a critical economic pillar of this region, making it highly vulnerable to climate change. This study focused [...] Read more.
This study investigated the historical climate data and future projections under the SSP5-8.5 scenario for Jammu, Kashmir (J&K), and its adjoining regions in India. Agriculture is a critical economic pillar of this region, making it highly vulnerable to climate change. This study focused on temperature and precipitation trends. Statistical analysis and modeling methods, including cloud computing, were employed to predict changes and assess their impact on agricultural productivity and water resources. The results indicated that by 2100, the mean maximum and minimum temperatures are projected to increase by approximately 2.90 °C and 2.86 °C, respectively. Precipitation variability is expected to rise, with a mean increase of 2.64 × 10−6 mm per day. These changes have significant consequences for crop yield, water stress, and ecosystem dynamics. An analysis of Gross Primary Productivity (GPP) as a proxy for agricultural productivity using linear regression revealed a concerning trend. Although the total GPP of the study area remained stable over time, it declined by −570 g yr−1 in 2010, coinciding with a 1 °C temperature rise. Projections based on the expected 3 °C temperature increase by 2100 suggest a total GPP loss of −2500 g yr−1. These findings highlight the urgent need for proactive adaptation measures, including sustainable agricultural practices, improved water management, and enhanced socioeconomic infrastructure, to mitigate the impact of climate change and ensure long-term resilience and food security in the region. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances of Flood Risk Assessment and Management)
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Review

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17 pages, 509 KiB  
Review
Two Decades of Integrated Flood Management: Status, Barriers, and Strategies
by Neil S. Grigg
Climate 2024, 12(5), 67; https://doi.org/10.3390/cli12050067 - 8 May 2024
Viewed by 6430
Abstract
Losses from flood disasters are increasing globally due to climate-driven forces and human factors such as migration and land use changes. The risks of such floods involve multiple factors and stakeholders, and frameworks for integrated approaches have attracted a global community of experts. [...] Read more.
Losses from flood disasters are increasing globally due to climate-driven forces and human factors such as migration and land use changes. The risks of such floods involve multiple factors and stakeholders, and frameworks for integrated approaches have attracted a global community of experts. The paper reviews the knowledge base for integrated flood risk management frameworks, including more than twenty bibliometric reviews of their elements. The knowledge base illustrates how integrated strategies for the reduction of flood risk are required at different scales and involve responses ranging from climate and weather studies to the construction of infrastructure, as well as collective action for community resilience. The Integrated Flood Management framework of the Associated Programme on Flood Management of the World Meteorological Organization was developed more than twenty years ago and is explained in some detail, including how it fits within the Integrated Water Resources Management concept that is managed by the Global Water Partnership. The paper reviews the alignment of the two approaches and how they can be used in tandem to reduce flood losses. Success of both integrated management approaches depends on governance and institutional capacity as well as technological advances. The knowledge base for flood risk management indicates how technologies are advancing, while more attention must be paid to social and environmental concerns, as well as government measures to increase participation, awareness, and preparedness. Ultimately, integrated flood management will involve solutions tailored for individual situations, and implementation may be slow, such that perseverance and political commitment will be needed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances of Flood Risk Assessment and Management)
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Planned Papers

The below list represents only planned manuscripts. Some of these manuscripts have not been received by the Editorial Office yet. Papers submitted to MDPI journals are subject to peer-review.

Title: A review of flood hazard mapping practices across Canada
Authors: Slobodan P. Simonovic and James Braden
Affiliation: Institute for Catastrophic Loss Reduction, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
Abstract: Flooding is currently the most common and costliest natural hazard across Canada, threatening human life and causing infrastructure damage, social disruption and internal migration. Flood hazard maps serve as critical decision-making tools in flood mitigation, land use planning, emergency management and general public awareness. They are engineering maps that effectively visualize the outcomes of hydrologic and hydraulic investigations. A succession of significant flood incidents served as the impetus for the federal government to launch the Federal Damage Reduction Program (FDRP) in 1976. Key outputs of the FDRP included engineering maps and public information maps. These engineering maps formed the foundation for zoning regulations, crucial for guiding development in flood-prone regions. Following the conclusion of the FDRP's active mapping phase in 1997, provinces, territories, and other governmental agencies have taken up flood mapping for new regions or revising existing maps, utilizing their own resources. This scenario has led to the adoption of various criteria and methodologies for the development of flood hazard maps. In 2018, the Canadian government introduced a framework aimed at fostering a unified national strategy for flood hazard mapping. The primary goal of this paper is to furnish a contemporary analysis and evaluation of the prevailing methodologies employed in flood hazard mapping throughout Canada. A comprehensive examination of current flood hazard mapping practices is being undertaken for each Province and territory, drawing upon established guidelines and case studies. Through this analysis, similarities among the existing approaches are identified, and their respective strengths and weaknesses are assessed.

Title: Integrated Management of Flood Risk: Review of National Experiences and Needed Reforms
Authors: Neil S. Grigg, Professor
Affiliation: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Colorado State University
Abstract: Flood disasters and losses are increasing due to climate-driven events such as atmospheric rivers, oceanic warming, and shifting jet streams, as well as due to human factors such as migration and land use changes. Past assumptions of climatic stationarity are obsolete and risk managers must use new methods to confront emerging threats. Flood risk management programs must integrate programmatic responses that range from climate studies and weather forecasting to management measures on the ground. The US has evolved experience-based methods with complex procedures to confront technical and risk challenges, and these will be compared to policies and methods that are evolving in global other national agencies. Roles of participants in flood risk management will be reviewed, including governance authorities, public agencies, insurance companies, and private sector firms. Reviews will be included of flood hazard analysis, hydrologic predictions, floodplain analysis, damage assessment and flood economics social, environmental, and health impacts, and legal frameworks that affect flood risk.

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