Catalytic Conversion of Biomass and Its Derivatives

A special issue of Chemistry (ISSN 2624-8549). This special issue belongs to the section "Catalysis".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 June 2026 | Viewed by 8620

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
1. State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
2. School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
3. Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Process, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
Interests: biomass conversion; reductive amination; heterogeneous catalysis; hydrogenation; polyurethane

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Guest Editor
School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China
Interests: biomass conversion; hydrogenation; hydrodeoxygenation; hydrogen spillover; bio fuel; Ti-based catalyst

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Guest Editor
College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
Interests: carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS); methane reforming; methanation; heterogeneous catalysis; catalytic hydrogenation; thermodynamics; kinetics
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The catalytic conversion of biomass and its derivatives represents a promising pathway for producing sustainable fuels and chemicals, which provide an alternative to the consumption of finite fossil resources. Biomass, which consists of carbohydrates, lignin, and triglycerides, can be transformed into a wide variety of valuable products through catalytic processes. These transformations typically include pyrolysis, hydrothermal liquefaction, hydrogenation, catalytic cracking, etc., which convert raw biomass or its derivatives into hydrocarbons, bio-oils, and other chemicals. The use of heterogeneous and homogeneous catalysts has enabled high-efficiency processes that optimize conversion and selectivity, which is crucial for industrial-scale applications.

Scope

  • Upgrading of biomass to fuels and chemicals;
  • Platform chemicals prepared from the biomass;
  • Catalytic depolymerization of biomass and polymerization of biomass derivatives;
  • Catalytic conversion of biomass derivatives;
  • Biorefining of biomass and platform chemicals;
  • Process development and scale-up related to biomass conversion.

Prof. Dr. Haiyang Cheng
Prof. Dr. Chao Zhang
Dr. Meng Zhang
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • biomass
  • platform chemicals
  • hydrogenation
  • pyrolysis
  • zeolites
  • MOFs
  • green chemistry
  • biorefining
  • photocatalysis
  • electrocatalysis

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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12 pages, 2954 KB  
Article
Electrochemical Hydrogenation of Furfural Enhancing Furfuryl Alcohol Selectivity over Flower-like Zn-Based MBON-2 in Alkaline Medium
by Yingxin Zhang, Hengxing Qiu, Chunyu Shen, Shuwen Hou, Qiuju Fu and Xuebo Zhao
Chemistry 2025, 7(4), 124; https://doi.org/10.3390/chemistry7040124 - 30 Jul 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1186
Abstract
To address the low selectivity in the electrocatalytic conversion of furfural (FFR) to furfuryl alcohol (FFA) under alkaline conditions, a Zn-based metal–organic framework (MBON-2) featuring a 3D hierarchical flower-like architecture self-assembled from nanosheets was synthesized via a simple hydrothermal method. Under optimal conditions, [...] Read more.
To address the low selectivity in the electrocatalytic conversion of furfural (FFR) to furfuryl alcohol (FFA) under alkaline conditions, a Zn-based metal–organic framework (MBON-2) featuring a 3D hierarchical flower-like architecture self-assembled from nanosheets was synthesized via a simple hydrothermal method. Under optimal conditions, MBON-2 exhibited an extremely high selectivity of FFA (100%) and a high Faradaic efficiency (FE) of 93.19% at −0.2 V vs. RHE. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) revealed the excellent electron transfer and mass transport properties of MBON-2. In addition, in situ Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy studies confirmed the adsorption of FFR molecules onto the Zn and B sites of MBON-2 during the ECH of FFR, providing key insights into the hydrogenation mechanism. The numerous exposed B and Zn sites of the MBON-2, as well as its robust structural stability contributed to its outstanding catalytic performance in the electrochemical hydrogenation (ECH) of FFR. This work provides valuable guidelines for developing efficient Zn-based catalysts for the ECH of FFR. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Catalytic Conversion of Biomass and Its Derivatives)
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Review

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18 pages, 1393 KB  
Review
Preparation of Biojet Fuel: Recent Progress in the Hydrogenation of Microalgae Oil
by Hao Lin, Chong Ma and Jing Liu
Chemistry 2025, 7(5), 166; https://doi.org/10.3390/chemistry7050166 - 10 Oct 2025
Viewed by 1132
Abstract
To address the greenhouse effect and environmental pollution stemming from fossil fuels, the development of new energy sources is widely regarded as a critical pathway toward achieving carbon neutrality. Microalgae, as a feedstock for third-generation biofuels, have emerged as a research hotspot for [...] Read more.
To address the greenhouse effect and environmental pollution stemming from fossil fuels, the development of new energy sources is widely regarded as a critical pathway toward achieving carbon neutrality. Microalgae, as a feedstock for third-generation biofuels, have emerged as a research hotspot for producing biojet fuel due to their high photosynthetic efficiency, non-competition with food crops, and potential for carbon reduction. This paper provides a systematic review of technological advancements in the catalytic hydrogenation of microalgal oil for biojet fuel production. It specifically focuses on the reaction mechanisms and catalyst design involved in the hydrogenation–deoxygenation and cracking/isomerization processes within the Oil-to-Jet (OTJ) pathway. Furthermore, the paper compares the performance differences among various catalyst support materials and between precious and non-precious metal catalysts. Finally, it outlines the current landscape of policy support and progress in industrialization projects globally. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Catalytic Conversion of Biomass and Its Derivatives)
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34 pages, 7147 KB  
Review
A Brief Review of Cu-Based Catalysts for the Selective Liquid-Phase Hydrogenation of Furfural to Furfuryl Alcohol
by Tiantian Lin, Yongzhen Gao, Chao Li, Meng Zhang and Zhongyi Liu
Chemistry 2025, 7(5), 153; https://doi.org/10.3390/chemistry7050153 - 22 Sep 2025
Viewed by 1497
Abstract
With the rapid industrialization, excessive reliance on fossil fuels has resulted in energy crises and environmental pollution, driving the search for sustainable alternatives. Biomass-derived resources have emerged as promising candidates to replace fossil-based feedstocks. Among these, furfural (FF) serves as a key platform [...] Read more.
With the rapid industrialization, excessive reliance on fossil fuels has resulted in energy crises and environmental pollution, driving the search for sustainable alternatives. Biomass-derived resources have emerged as promising candidates to replace fossil-based feedstocks. Among these, furfural (FF) serves as a key platform molecule that can be catalytically hydrogenated to various high-value chemicals, with furfuryl alcohol (FA) representing one of the most valuable products. Currently, Cr-based catalysts remain predominant for the selective hydrogenation of FF to FA. However, the severe environmental toxicity of Cr necessitates urgent development of alternative Cr-free catalytic systems. This study systematically reviews recent advances in FF hydrogenation to FA, providing an in-depth discussion of reaction mechanisms, including adsorption configurations, solvent effects, and side reactions, as well as a comprehensive analysis of structure–activity relationships, involving active metal, support, promoter, and preparation methods. Furthermore, we evaluate the application of the advanced characterization techniques for monitoring the reaction processes. Finally, we propose the future research directions: (1) designing efficient and stable non-noble metal catalysts and (2) elucidating reaction mechanisms via the combined in situ characterization and theoretical calculations. These efforts would facilitate the academic understanding and industrial implementation of the FF-to-FA conversion process. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Catalytic Conversion of Biomass and Its Derivatives)
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22 pages, 13794 KB  
Review
Noble Metal-Based Catalysts for Selective Oxidation of HMF to FDCA: Progress in Reaction Mechanism and Active Sites
by Yingshuo Guo, Yitong Zhao, Shiao Gao, Binhong Lv and Zhijie Wu
Chemistry 2025, 7(1), 17; https://doi.org/10.3390/chemistry7010017 - 1 Feb 2025
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 4006
Abstract
5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) is oxidized to 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA), which serves as a sustainable alternative to the petrochemical derivative terephthalic acid as a polyester monomer. Currently, noble metal catalysts that combine high HMF conversion rates with FDCA selectivity have become one of the mainstream [...] Read more.
5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) is oxidized to 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA), which serves as a sustainable alternative to the petrochemical derivative terephthalic acid as a polyester monomer. Currently, noble metal catalysts that combine high HMF conversion rates with FDCA selectivity have become one of the mainstream catalytic systems for HMF oxidation. This paper summarizes and discusses the research progress on HMF oxidation to FDCA over different noble metal-based catalysts by combining DFT theoretical calculations, introducing various reaction pathways and mechanisms of HMF oxidation. It also analyzes the characteristics and electronic properties of metal active sites, geometric effects, metal–support interactions, and confinement effects, discussing and revealing the roles and activation mechanisms of different metal active sites, the structure of catalysts, active substances, metal valence states, activity, and the relationship between metal and the oxidation of C=O and OH groups. Finally, it presents views on the challenges and future development in the design of noble metal-based catalysts. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Catalytic Conversion of Biomass and Its Derivatives)
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