Morphological Effects on Catalytic Reactions
A special issue of Catalysts (ISSN 2073-4344). This special issue belongs to the section "Catalytic Reaction Engineering".
Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2023) | Viewed by 6081
Special Issue Editors
Interests: photocatalysis; adsorption; water treatment; TiO2; SiO2; coating; sol-gel; nanomaterials
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Special Issue Information
Dear Colleagues,
It is now well-established that catalytic activity is tremendously affected by the morphological properties of catalytic materials. In its common definition, morphology encompasses both the geometrical structure as well as the chemical nature of a material. Therefore, it is usually more convenient to characterize catalytic activity in terms of apparent and intrinsic activity, each of which are influenced by the geometry and by the chemistry of the catalytic material differently.
Since catalysis is a purely kinetic phenomenon (it does not change the thermodynamical equilibrium of a given reaction), it is known that any changes to the mass or heat transfer would induce notable modifications on the apparent activity. For instance, so-called heterogenized homogeneous catalysts have often shown a drastic decrease in activity that has been attributed to mass transfer, although their intrinsic activity remained unaltered. In some rare cases, intrinsic activity may show an increase, which is the case with some of the enzymes confined in inorganic materials. Additionally, another well-known example concerns the size, the dispersion, and the chemical nature of metal nanoparticles on a support. During the catalysis of automotive exhaust, it is desirable to only dissociate the NO molecule from a mix of NO and CO gas, transfer the O atom, and ensure that N2 and CO2 are at the end. The intrinsic activity is, accordingly, directly influenced by the metal and, because of a compromise between weak and strong dissociative adsorption, it will work better with Rh and Pd than it would with Pt, Fe, Co, Ni, or Ru. Then, to address the issue gases having a short residence time, the metal nanoparticles need to be well dispersed and should be as small in size as possible to increase the specific surface area for contact and hence the number of active sites. However, smaller particles tend to coalesce via an Ostwald ripening phenomenon, which decreases the apparent activity if it is not destroying the catalytic material. This underlines the major role played by the support, whose geometry needs to be tailored to prevent this phenomenon and whose chemical nature needs to be consistent with the operational conditions, such as at sustained high temperatures or in the presence of water vapor.
In this Special Issue titled“Morphological effects on catalytic reactions”, we welcome all kind of papers (research papers, reviews, or communications) where the influence of morphology is linked to catalytic activity. Submitted papers can concern various catalysts for a large range of catalytic reactions where the geometry and/or the chemistry are studied in detail.
Dr. Julien Mahy
Guest Editor
Artium Belet
Guest Editor Assistant
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Keywords
- metallic or metallic oxide nanoparticles
- supported and unsupported catalysts
- catalytic processes
- photocatalysis
- morphology
- composition
- biocatalysis
- heterogeneous catalysis
- zeolite
- kinetics
- sol–gel
