Designing Healthy and Restorative Urban Environments

A special issue of Buildings (ISSN 2075-5309). This special issue belongs to the section "Architectural Design, Urban Science, and Real Estate".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 November 2026 | Viewed by 1899

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Faculty of Design and Society, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia
Interests: urban systems; public health; computational design; neuro-urbanism; climate change; vulnerable population; ageing

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Design and Society, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia
Interests: population ageing; urban geographies; therapeutic environments; biophilic design; inclusive design

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Rapid global urbanization creates unprecedented challenges for public health and environmental planning; a total of 68% of the world's population is expected to live in cities by 2050. Interdisciplinary research shows that built environments have measurable psychophysiological effects on human health through various pathways, including air quality regulation, sensory stimulation, and cognitive restoration. Urban design strategies—ranging from neighbourhood planning to architectural choices—significantly impact physical activity, social connections, stress responses, and mental health across different populations.

Systematic reviews and meta-analyses have confirmed strong links between exposure to restorative urban environments and better cognitive function, lower cortisol levels, and improved mental wellbeing. These findings particularly support the application of attention restoration theory in built environments. However, significant gaps remain in translating this evidence into practical urban design strategies that can effectively tackle increasing urban stress, attention fatigue, and health inequalities.

This Special Issue invites original research articles, systematic reviews, and methodological innovations focused on advancing evidence-based interventions in the built environment for health promotion. We welcome interdisciplinary contributions that utilize rigorous study designs, validated measurement tools, and transparent reporting to develop practical design guidelines, implementation strategies, and evaluation methods aimed at developing urban environments that support psychological restoration and promote health equity across populations.

Research areas may include (but are not limited to):

Design Practice and Implementation

  • Case studies of health-integrated architecture, urban design, and planning projects;
  • Design guidelines and tools for creating restorative urban environments;
  • Collaborative approaches between health professionals, planners, and designers;
  • Policy frameworks that support health-oriented design and development.

Therapeutic and Restorative Design Applications

  • Biophilic design strategies for urban buildings and spaces;
  • Design interventions for stress reduction and mental health support;
  • Creating inclusive spaces that address health disparities across diverse populations.

Neighbourhood and District-Scale Interventions

  • Green infrastructure integration for health and climate resilience;
  • Mixed-use development strategies that promote walkability and social connection;
  • Public space design for community health and social cohesion.

Innovation in Healthy Urban Development

  • Smart city technologies that support health and wellbeing outcomes;
  • Adaptive reuse strategies for creating health-supportive environments;
  • Sustainable building practices that enhance occupant health.

Evidence-Based Restorative Environment Design

  • Systematic evaluation of attention restoration theory applications in urban contexts;
  • Multisensory design interventions and their psychophysiological impacts;
  • Comparative effectiveness of natural versus built restorative environments.

Methodological Innovations and Measurement

  • Geospatial analysis methods for assessing restorative environment accessibility and equity;
  • Development and validation of objective measures for environmental restoration potential;
  • Longitudinal study designs for evaluating urban health intervention effectiveness.

Topics of Interest:

  • Evidence-based design practices for health promotion;
  • Urban green infrastructure health impact evaluation, including stress reduction pathways in urban nature-based solutions;
  • Attention restoration theory applications in built environments;
  • Cross-sector collaboration models for healthy place-making;
  • Digital technologies for healthy urban environment monitoring;
  • Therapeutic landscape design and implementation;
  • Climate-resilient urban health infrastructure design;
  • Cultural and contextual factors in restorative environment effectiveness;
  • Population-specific responses to urban restoration interventions.

We welcome submissions that employ rigorous study designs, validated measurement tools, and transparent reporting to enhance the scientific foundation for creating health-promoting urban environments. Contributions should demonstrate clear theoretical foundations, methodological thoroughness, and practical relevance to urban planning and public health.

Prof. Dr. Nimish Biloria
Dr. Hamish Robertson
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Buildings is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • health-supportive urban environments
  • restorative environments
  • psychophysiological health and wellbeing
  • healthy cities health equity
  • green infrastructure
  • evidence-based interventions
  • biophilic design

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

41 pages, 8753 KB  
Article
The Restorative Power of Biophilic Urbanism: A Bibliometric Synthesis of Plant–Human Interactions and Mental Health Outcomes
by Sulan Wu, Fei Ju, Yuchen Wu, Zunling Zhu and Qianling Jiang
Buildings 2026, 16(8), 1500; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings16081500 - 11 Apr 2026
Viewed by 395
Abstract
As global urbanization accelerates, biophilic urbanism has emerged as a key nature-based strategy for enhancing public health. While plants are critical active agents for psychological restoration, the specific pathways through which vegetation characteristics influence human–environment interactions remain fragmented. This knowledge gap hinders the [...] Read more.
As global urbanization accelerates, biophilic urbanism has emerged as a key nature-based strategy for enhancing public health. While plants are critical active agents for psychological restoration, the specific pathways through which vegetation characteristics influence human–environment interactions remain fragmented. This knowledge gap hinders the evidence-based translation of biophilic principles into actionable urban design and governance. This study conducts a systematic bibliometric analysis of 443 peer-reviewed articles (2000–2025) at the intersection of restorative landscapes, urban settings, and plant-based interventions retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection. Employing multiple visualization tools (VOSviewer, bibliometrix, and CiteSpace), we map publication trends, international collaborations, and thematic evolution. The results demonstrate a significant shift in the field, moving beyond the validation of foundational restorative theories (e.g., ART and SRT) to a more precise, implementation-oriented framework. This shift is characterized by the operationalization of vegetation attributes as controllable design variables, increasingly relating biophilic principles to broader nature-based solutions (NbS) agendas and evidence-informed urban governance. Thematic clustering analysis identified three core knowledge domains: (1) the role of plants as active exposure agents and behavioral mediators in psychological restoration; (2) the impact of specific plant characteristics—such as canopy structure, species diversity, and seasonal variation—on therapeutic outcomes; and (3) the integration of urban green spaces into broader governance frameworks to promote health equity and inclusive well-being. Our analysis highlights that plant-based interventions are evolving from aesthetic ornaments into precision design levers for fostering human–nature interactions. This study provides a science-based foundation for developing practical design guidelines and policy frameworks, shifting biophilic urbanism toward a robust governance strategy for creating equitable, restorative, and resilient cities. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Designing Healthy and Restorative Urban Environments)
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19 pages, 3122 KB  
Article
Perceived Restorative Environments and Visitor Well-Being in Urban Wetland Parks: The Mediating Roles of Environmental Preference and Place Attachment
by Xiaoxi Cai, Dongling Feng, Jiang Li, Chuyu Zhang, Yating Chang, Dan Wang, Hui Zhang, You Peng, Wenbo Lai, Liang Yu and Mingxin Gao
Buildings 2026, 16(2), 277; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings16020277 - 8 Jan 2026
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 870
Abstract
As critical urban blue–green infrastructure, urban wetland parks serve as vital venues for visitors to obtain restorative experiences. However, existing studies primarily emphasize their ecological and economic benefits, with comparatively limited attention paid to their roles in promoting public mental health and enhancing [...] Read more.
As critical urban blue–green infrastructure, urban wetland parks serve as vital venues for visitors to obtain restorative experiences. However, existing studies primarily emphasize their ecological and economic benefits, with comparatively limited attention paid to their roles in promoting public mental health and enhancing well-being. Using Yanghu Wetland Park in Changsha as a case study, this research investigates how restorative environmental perception influences visitors’ well-being through two mediating variables: environmental preference and place attachment. A total of 251 valid responses were collected through field surveys and questionnaires. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was employed to empirically examine the relationships among the variables. This study enriches the theoretical framework of environmental psychology and urban landscape behavior research. It also provides evidence-based insights into the planning and design of urban wetland parks, contributing to the enhancement of public well-being and overall life satisfaction. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Designing Healthy and Restorative Urban Environments)
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