Novel Mechanisms in Renal Blood Pressure Regulation: From Neuropeptides to Angiotensin II and Dopamine Receptors

A special issue of Biomolecules (ISSN 2218-273X).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 14 August 2026 | Viewed by 1678

Special Issue Editors

Division of Kidney Diseases & Hypertension, Department of Medicine, The George Washington University School of Medicine & Health Sciences, Washington, DC 20052, USA
Interests: neuropeptides; dopamine receptor; blood pressure; autophagy; sorting nexin; renal physiology; cardiovascular research

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Guest Editor
Medicine and Physiology/Pharmacology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
Interests: pathogenesis; genetics; pharmacogenetics of hypertension; renal physiology; ion transport; oxidative stress
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Many neuropeptides, including angiotensin II and neurotransmitters such as dopamine, were originally found in the brain and later found in peripheral organs and tissues, including the kidney. The kidney plays an important role in the regulation of blood pressure. Healthy kidneys maintain blood pressure within a normal range by controlling the balance of fluids and electrolytes. Dopamine is locally generated in the kidney, and its five receptors, D1R, D2R, D3R, D4R, and D5R, are expressed in specific segments of the nephron. Angiotensin II is also synthesized in the kidney and its receptors. AT1R and AT2R are also expressed in specific segments of the nephron. The intrarenal dopaminergic and angiotensin systems are important in the regulation of water and electrolyte transport and ultimately blood pressure. Mice with germline or nephron segment silencing in any one of the dopamine or angiotensin receptors are impacted in their ability to excrete a sodium load and regulate their blood pressure. Recently, neuropeptide FF (NPFF) has been found to be synthesized by the kidney, and its receptors, NPFFR and NPFFR2, are expressed in specific segments of the nephron. NPFF and its receptors can regulate renal sodium transport and blood pressure per se and through their interactions with the renal dopaminergic and angiotensin systems. However, the underlying mechanisms by which NPFF and its receptors regulate renal sodium transport and blood pressure are still unclear. For this Special Issue, we invite original and review articles on all aspects related to NPFF, angiotensin II, and dopamine in the regulation of renal function and blood pressure.

Dr. Hewang Lee
Prof. Dr. Pedro A. José
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • neuropeptides
  • dopamine
  • blood pressure
  • G protein-coupled receptors
  • oxidative stress kidney
  • vasculature
  • brain

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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24 pages, 7418 KB  
Article
Sex-Specific Role of NPVF Signalling in Homeostatic Control
by Herbert Herzog, Julia Koller and Lei Zhang
Biomolecules 2026, 16(2), 231; https://doi.org/10.3390/biom16020231 - 2 Feb 2026
Viewed by 720
Abstract
Neuropeptide VF (NPVF) is a member of the RFamide family of peptides and is suggested to be involved in homeostatic regulations. However, direct evidence is sparse. Here, we generated a NPVF knockout mouse model to comprehensively investigate its role in energy and glucose [...] Read more.
Neuropeptide VF (NPVF) is a member of the RFamide family of peptides and is suggested to be involved in homeostatic regulations. However, direct evidence is sparse. Here, we generated a NPVF knockout mouse model to comprehensively investigate its role in energy and glucose homeostasis controls. We show that while male Npvf/− mice on chow were WT-like at both room temperature (RT 22 °C) and thermoneutrality (TN 28 °C) with regards to body weight, body composition, and the parameters involved in energy homeostasis, female Npvf−/− mice exhibit significantly reduced water intake at RT and TN regardless of food access, significantly increased the femur bone mineral content at RT and reduced the adiposity at TN. Strikingly, sex differences are absent under high-fat diet (HFD) conditions, with Npvf deletion leading to hyperphagia and increased weight gain in both sexes. Furthermore, Npvf/− mice on chow at RT exhibit normal glucose tolerance and insulin action for both sexes. On a HFD or at TN, Npvf−/− mice display improved and impaired insulin action in females and males, respectively, with female Npvf/− mice at TN further showing an improved glucose tolerance. Collectively, these findings establish NPVF as a key regulator of energy and glucose metabolism with sex dimorphism, and are critically dependent on environmental and nutritional factors. Full article
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Review

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19 pages, 601 KB  
Review
Role of Renal Dopamine Receptors in the Regulation of Blood Pressure
by Jian Yang and Pedro A. Jose
Biomolecules 2026, 16(4), 532; https://doi.org/10.3390/biom16040532 - 2 Apr 2026
Viewed by 471
Abstract
Hypertension continues to be a major global public health challenge. Dopamine generated in the kidney is a vital coordinator of sodium homeostasis and blood pressure control. Dopamine exerts its effects by activating its receptors, which are divided into the D1-like receptor [...] Read more.
Hypertension continues to be a major global public health challenge. Dopamine generated in the kidney is a vital coordinator of sodium homeostasis and blood pressure control. Dopamine exerts its effects by activating its receptors, which are divided into the D1-like receptor family (D1R and D5R) and the D2-like receptor family (D2R, D3R, and D4R). All five dopamine receptor subtypes are differentially expressed along the nephron. Dopamine receptors inhibit the activities and/or expression of renal tubular sodium transporters/exchangers/channels, decrease renal oxidative stress, and interact with other receptors, including angiotensin II receptors. Many studies have demonstrated that renal dopamine receptors play an important role in the regulation of blood pressure. The germline deletion or renal-selective silencing of any of the five dopamine receptor subtypes may impair sodium excretion and increase blood pressure. In addition, renal dopamine receptor expression and/or function are regulated by some factors such as G protein-coupled receptor kinases, oxidative stress, and sorting nexins. In this article, we summarize the role of each dopamine receptor subtype in the pathogenesis of hypertension and discuss the potential regulatory mechanisms of their expression and function. These may lead to the development of novel therapeutic approaches to the prevention and treatment of hypertension. Full article
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