Liquid Metal Biomimicry: Toward Bio-Inspired Smart Materials

A special issue of Biomimetics (ISSN 2313-7673). This special issue belongs to the section "Biomimetics of Materials and Structures".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2025 | Viewed by 1072

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Institute for Frontier Science, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China
Interests: smart materials; composite systems based on liquid metals; flexible functional devices; hydrovoltaic science and technology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Nature has always been a profound source of inspiration for scientific and technological innovation. Recently, liquid metals—particularly gallium and its alloys—have emerged as transformative materials for developing bio-inspired smart systems. Considering their low melting points and unique properties, liquid metals are ideal for applications that mimic natural systems. By leveraging these properties, liquid metal-based smart materials are enabling innovations in flexible electronics, soft robotics, and biomedical devices.

This Special Issue, "Liquid Metal Biomimicry: Toward Bio-Inspired Smart Materials", seeks to explore how liquid metals can emulate the adaptability, resilience, and responsiveness of biological systems. We welcome original research and review articles on topics such as bio-inspired liquid metal-based smart materials and systems, the response behaviors of liquid metal smart materials under the influence of external factors (such as electricity, magnetism, ultrasound, light, heat, etc.), liquid metal-based flexible actuators and robotics, bio-inspired liquid metal-based sensors, and other bio-inspired applications of liquid metals.

We invite researchers to contribute pioneering insights and present innovative applications that will push the boundaries of liquid metal biomimicry. Through this Special Issue, we aspire to foster sustainable advancements in liquid metal-based smart materials and their diverse, impactful applications.

Dr. Sen Chen
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • liquid metals
  • interfacial behaviors
  • fundamental smart properties
  • bio-inspired smart materials
  • stimuli-responsive materials
  • flexible electronics and devices
  • soft actuators and robotics
  • bio-inspired composite design

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

35 pages, 3837 KB  
Review
Multifunctional Liquid Metal for Biomimicry Application
by Yi-Ran Xu, You-Long Li, Yu-Kun Yi and Heng-Yang Bao
Biomimetics 2025, 10(9), 574; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics10090574 - 29 Aug 2025
Viewed by 804
Abstract
Liquid metal (LM), which possesses unique material properties such as excellent flexibility, high thermal and electrical conductivities, and biocompatibility, has demonstrated broad application potential in the fields of intelligent manufacturing, flexible electronics, and biomedical engineering. This paper presents a systematic review of recent [...] Read more.
Liquid metal (LM), which possesses unique material properties such as excellent flexibility, high thermal and electrical conductivities, and biocompatibility, has demonstrated broad application potential in the fields of intelligent manufacturing, flexible electronics, and biomedical engineering. This paper presents a systematic review of recent advances in multifunctional LM materials for biomimetic applications, with a focus on 3D printing, catalysis, sensing, and biomedical technologies. Through advanced 3D printing techniques—including direct writing, embedded printing, and extrusion/infiltration—LM has been effectively utilized in the fabrication of high-precision electronic components. In catalysis, LM-based catalysts exhibit superior performance in energy conversion and environmental remediation due to their high catalytic activity and selectivity. Moreover, LM has made notable progress in the development of high-performance sensors and biomedical devices, contributing significantly to the advancement of health monitoring and intelligent diagnostic and therapeutic technologies. This review aims to provide theoretical insights and technical references for further research and engineering applications of liquid metals. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Liquid Metal Biomimicry: Toward Bio-Inspired Smart Materials)
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